debug的时候,有时希望打印某些东西,但是如果代码段刚好在一个循环或者是其他会被执行很多次的部分,那么用来print的语句也会被执行很多次,看起来就不美观。例如:
a = 0
for i in range(3):
a += 1
print(a)
这里在中间希望确认一下a的类型,debug的时候改成:
a = 0
for i in range(3):
print(type(a))
a += 1
print(a)
''' 打印结果:
3
'''
有3个
为了解决这个问题,可以借助with语句实现,首先要定义一个能够在with语句中使用的类(实现了__enter__和__exit__):
from typing import Any
class LimitedRun(object):
run_dict = {}
def __init__(self,
tag: Any = 'default',
limit: int = 1):
self.tag = tag
self.limit = limit
def __enter__(self):
if self.tag in LimitedRun.run_dict.keys():
LimitedRun.run_dict[self.tag] += 1
else:
LimitedRun.run_dict[self.tag] = 1
return LimitedRun.run_dict[self.tag] <= self.limit
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
return
tag是标签,相同标签共用执行次数计数器;limit是限制执行的次数。例子如下:
a = 0
for i in range(3):
with LimitedRun('print_1', 1) as limited_run:
if limited_run:
print(type(a))
a += 1
print(a)
''' 打印结果:
3
'''
a = 0
for i in range(3):
with LimitedRun('print_1', 4) as limited_run:
if limited_run:
print(1, type(a))
a += 1
for i in range(3):
with LimitedRun('print_1', 4) as limited_run:
if limited_run:
print(2, type(a))
a += 1
print(a)
''' 打印结果:(相同tag共用了计数器,因此总共只会执行4次)
1
1
1
2
6
'''
a = 0
for i in range(3):
with LimitedRun('print_1', 4) as limited_run:
if limited_run:
print(1, type(a))
a += 1
for i in range(3):
with LimitedRun('print_2', 4) as limited_run:
if limited_run:
print(2, type(a))
a += 1
print(a)
''' 打印结果:(不同tag不共用计数器)
1
1
1
2
2
2
6
'''