React 全栈体系（十八）

第九章 React Router 6

二、代码实战

6. 路由的 params 参数

6.1 routes

/* src/routes/index.js */
import About from "../pages/About";
import Home from "../pages/Home";
import Message from "../pages/Message";
import News from "../pages/News";
import Detail from "../pages/Detail";
import { Navigate } from "react-router-dom";

export default [
  {
    path: "/about",
    element: <About />,
  },
  {
    path: "/home",
    element: <Home />,
    children: [
      {
        path: "news",
        element: <News />,
      },
      {
        path: "message",
        element: <Message />,
        children: [
          {
            path: "detail/:id/:title/:content",
            element: <Detail />,
          },
        ],
      },
    ],
  },
  {
    path: "/",
    element: <Navigate to="/about" />,
  },
];

6.2 Detail.jsx

/* src/pages/Detail.jsx */
import React from "react";
import { useParams } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Detail() {
  const { id, title, content } = useParams();
  // const x = useMatch('/home/message/detail/:id/:title/:content')
  // console.log(x)
  return (
    <ul>
      <li>消息编号：{id}</li>
      <li>消息标题：{title}</li>
      <li>消息内容：{content}</li>
    </ul>
  );
}

6.3 Message.jsx

/* src/pages/Message.jsx */
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { Link, Outlet } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Message() {
  const [messages] = useState([
    { id: "001", title: "消息1", content: "锄禾日当午" },
    { id: "002", title: "消息2", content: "汗滴禾下土" },
    { id: "003", title: "消息3", content: "谁知盘中餐" },
    { id: "004", title: "消息4", content: "粒粒皆辛苦" },
  ]);
  return (
    <div>
      <ul>
        {messages.map((m) => {
          return (
            // 路由链接
            <li key={m.id}>
              <Link to={`detail/${m.id}/${m.title}/${m.content}`}>
                {m.title}
              </Link>
            </li>
          );
        })}
      </ul>
      <hr />
      {/* 指定路由组件的展示位置 */}
      <Outlet />
    </div>
  );
}

7. 路由的 search 参数

7.1 routes

/* src/routes/index.js */
import About from "../pages/About";
import Home from "../pages/Home";
import Message from "../pages/Message";
import News from "../pages/News";
import Detail from "../pages/Detail";
import { Navigate } from "react-router-dom";

export default [
  {
    path: "/about",
    element: <About />,
  },
  {
    path: "/home",
    element: <Home />,
    children: [
      {
        path: "news",
        element: <News />,
      },
      {
        path: "message",
        element: <Message />,
        children: [
          {
            path: "detail",
            element: <Detail />,
          },
        ],
      },
    ],
  },
  {
    path: "/",
    element: <Navigate to="/about" />,
  },
];

7.2 Detail.jsx

/* src/pages/Detail.jsx */
import React from "react";
import { useSearchParams, useLocation } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Detail() {
  const [search, setSearch] = useSearchParams();
  const id = search.get("id");
  const title = search.get("title");
  const content = search.get("content");
  const x = useLocation();
  console.log("@", x);
  return (
    <ul>
      <li>
        <button onClick={() => setSearch("id=008&title=哈哈&content=嘻嘻")}>
          点我更新一下收到的search参数
        </button>
      </li>
      <li>消息编号：{id}</li>
      <li>消息标题：{title}</li>
      <li>消息内容：{content}</li>
    </ul>
  );
}

7.3 Message.jsx

/* src/pages/Message.jsx */
import React,{useState} from 'react'
import {Link,Outlet} from 'react-router-dom'

export default function Message() {
	const [messages] = useState([
		{id:'001',title:'消息1',content:'锄禾日当午'},
		{id:'002',title:'消息2',content:'汗滴禾下土'},
		{id:'003',title:'消息3',content:'谁知盘中餐'},
		{id:'004',title:'消息4',content:'粒粒皆辛苦'}
	])
	return (
		<div>
			<ul>
				{
					messages.map((m)=>{
						return (
							// 路由链接
							<li key={m.id}>
								<Link to={`detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}&content=${m.content}`}>{m.title}</Link>
							</li>
						)
					})
				}
			</ul>
			<hr />
			{/* 指定路由组件的展示位置 */}
			<Outlet />
		</div>
	)
}

8. 路由的 state 参数

8.1 routes

/* src/routes/index.js */
import About from "../pages/About";
import Home from "../pages/Home";
import Message from "../pages/Message";
import News from "../pages/News";
import Detail from "../pages/Detail";
import { Navigate } from "react-router-dom";

export default [
  {
    path: "/about",
    element: <About />,
  },
  {
    path: "/home",
    element: <Home />,
    children: [
      {
        path: "news",
        element: <News />,
      },
      {
        path: "message",
        element: <Message />,
        children: [
          {
            path: "detail",
            element: <Detail />,
          },
        ],
      },
    ],
  },
  {
    path: "/",
    element: <Navigate to="/about" />,
  },
];

8.2 Detail.jsx

/* src/pages/Detail.jsx */
import React from "react";
import { useLocation } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Detail() {
  const {
    state: { id, title, content },
  } = useLocation();
  return (
    <ul>
      <li>消息编号：{id}</li>
      <li>消息标题：{title}</li>
      <li>消息内容：{content}</li>
    </ul>
  );
}

8.3 Message.jsx

/* src/pages/Message.jsx */
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { Link, Outlet } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Message() {
  const [messages] = useState([
    { id: "001", title: "消息1", content: "锄禾日当午" },
    { id: "002", title: "消息2", content: "汗滴禾下土" },
    { id: "003", title: "消息3", content: "谁知盘中餐" },
    { id: "004", title: "消息4", content: "粒粒皆辛苦" },
  ]);
  return (
    <div>
      <ul>
        {messages.map((m) => {
          return (
            // 路由链接
            <li key={m.id}>
              <Link
                to="detail"
                state={{
                  id: m.id,
                  title: m.title,
                  content: m.content,
                }}
              >
                {m.title}
              </Link>
            </li>
          );
        })}
      </ul>
      <hr />
      {/* 指定路由组件的展示位置 */}
      <Outlet />
    </div>
  );
}

9. 编程式路由导航

9.1 Header.jsx

/* src/components/Header.jsx */
import React from "react";
import { useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Header() {
  const navigate = useNavigate();

  function back() {
    navigate(-1);
  }
  function forward() {
    navigate(1);
  }

  return (
    <div className="col-xs-offset-2 col-xs-8">
      <div className="page-header">
        <h2>React Router Demo</h2>
        <button onClick={back}>←后退</button>
        <button onClick={forward}>前进→</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

9.2 Message.jsx

/* src/pages/Message.jsx */
import React, { useState } from "react";
import { Link, Outlet, useNavigate } from "react-router-dom";

export default function Message() {
  const navigate = useNavigate();
  const [messages] = useState([
    { id: "001", title: "消息1", content: "锄禾日当午" },
    { id: "002", title: "消息2", content: "汗滴禾下土" },
    { id: "003", title: "消息3", content: "谁知盘中餐" },
    { id: "004", title: "消息4", content: "粒粒皆辛苦" },
  ]);

  function showDetail(m) {
    navigate("detail", {
      replace: false,
      state: {
        id: m.id,
        title: m.title,
        content: m.content,
      },
    });
  }
  return (
    <div>
      <ul>
        {messages.map((m) => {
          return (
            // 路由链接
            <li key={m.id}>
              <Link
                to="detail"
                state={{
                  id: m.id,
                  title: m.title,
                  content: m.content,
                }}
              >
                {m.title}
              </Link>
              <button onClick={() => showDetail(m)}>查看详情</button>
            </li>
          );
        })}
      </ul>
      <hr />
      {/* 指定路由组件的展示位置 */}
      <Outlet />
    </div>
  );
}

9.3 App.jsx

/* src/App.jsx */
import React from "react";
import { NavLink, useRoutes } from "react-router-dom";
import routes from "./routes";
import Header from "./components/Header";

export default function App() {
  //根据路由表生成对应的路由规则
  const element = useRoutes(routes);
  return (
    <div>
      <div className="row">
        <Header />
      </div>
      <div className="row">
        <div className="col-xs-2 col-xs-offset-2">
          <div className="list-group">
            {/* 路由链接 */}
            <NavLink className="list-group-item" to="/about">
              About
            </NavLink>
            <NavLink className="list-group-item" to="/home">
              Home
            </NavLink>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div className="col-xs-6">
          <div className="panel">
            <div className="panel-body">
              {/* 注册路由 */}
              {element}
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}