Mac10.14编译源码安装python3.7.9(同时解决openssl的问题)，基于此版本的python的virtualenv创建多个版本的python虚拟环境
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1.安装homebrew:
/bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"
2.安装openssl
brew install openssl
提示信息：
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/openssl%401.1-1.1.1h.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net/d4ef27b41d0596d20b79a43a43554d4ea1395f0ef9affdcf0ce74114a00e2572?r
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring [email protected]
==> Caveats
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
/usr/local/etc/[email protected]/certs
and run
/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin/c_rehash
[email protected] is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides LibreSSL.
If you need to have [email protected] first in your PATH run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/bin:$PATH"' >> /Users/wangpeng/.bash_profile
For compilers to find [email protected] you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/[email protected]/include"
==> Summary
/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/1.1.1h: 8,067 files, 18.4MB
# 查看安装完成的信息
brew list openssl
3.安装系统某些文件
sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /
Password:
installer: Package name is macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14
installer: Installing at base path /
installer: The install was successful.
4.官网下载源码包进行安装：
https://www.python.org
Python-3.7.9.tgz
解压
进入源码文件并安装
cd path/to/Python-3.7.9
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9 --with-openssl=/usr/local/opt/openssl
make clean
make -j6
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_gdbm ossaudiodev spwd
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.
The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been
built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:
_abc atexit pwd
time
Failed to build these modules:
_lzma
#提示有部分模块报错，以后有时间再解决吧
#最后
make install
成功安装到/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/python3.7
import ssl
没有报错
/**
配置到当前用户环境变量
sudo vim ~/.bash_profile
添加这句
export PATH=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin:$PATH
然后
source ~/.bash_profile
python3.7
pip3
可以正常使用了
*/
5.安装virtualenv
ll /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/lib/python3.7/site-packages/
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/pip3 install virtualenv
ll /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ #多了一些包
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/virtualenv --version
6.创建多个python3.7的虚拟环境(根据具体业务应用创建去吧)
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/virtualenv -p /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/python3.7 ./item_recommend_py379/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/virtualenv -p /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/python3.7 ./tensorfow21_py379等等等
激活环境 source item_recommend_py379/bin/activate
退出环境 deactivate
激活环境 source ./tensorfow21_py379/bin/activate
pip install pandas
退出环境 deactivate
7.官网下载python3.6.12源码进行安装
tar -zxvf Python-3.6.12.tgz
cd ./Python-3.6.12
修改 setup.py
将文件中所有出现 /usr/local/ssl 的路径，改为 /usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/1.1.1h。（应该有两处）
注意：这个路径是我的 openssl 安装路径，根据电脑不同可能有所变化。
修改 modules/setup.dist
搜索 #SSL=，可以找到如下这4行代码（下面是我修改完毕的样子）
- 取消注释
- 将他们前面的
#号删除掉
- 将他们前面的
- 修改路径
- SSL=你的openssl 安装路径
SSL=/usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/1.1.1h
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.12
make clean
make -j6
Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_gdbm ossaudiodev spwd
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.
The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been
built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:
_ssl atexit pwd
time
Failed to build these modules:
_lzma
#提示有部分模块报错，以后有时间再解决吧
make install
成功安装到/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.12
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.12/bin/python3.6
import ssl
没有报错，python3.6.12也安装成功了
8.创建多个python3.6的虚拟环境(根据具体业务应用创建去吧)
/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.9/bin/virtualenv -p /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.12/bin/python3.6 ./tensorfow21_py3612等等等
激活环境 source ./tensorfow21_py3612/bin/activate
pip install numpy
退出环境 deactivate
9.类似的，通过上面方法还可以安装创建python3.5的多个虚拟环境
The end
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