GLBR和VRRP
目录
GLBP
协议概述
工作机制
配置
show glbp
负载均衡
VRRP
概念
配置
show vrrp
实验图
参考
GLBP
协议概述
工作机制
由AVG来负责响应PC对网关的ARP请求，同时AVG负责虚拟MAC的分配。AVG可以根据不同的负载均衡模式灵活的对PC的ARP请求进行响应。
配置
glbp 1 ip 192.168.23.254 //配置虚拟网关IP地址
glbp 1 priority 120 //配置优先级（默认100）
glbp 1 preempt //开启抢占show glbp
FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1
State is Active
2 state changes, last state change 00:37:53
Virtual IP address is 192.168.23.254
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.932 secs
Redirect time 600 sec, forwarder timeout 14400 sec
Preemption enabled, min delay 0 sec
Active is local !!!!!!!!!
Standby is 192.168.23.3, priority 100 (expires in 9.756 sec) !!!!!!!!!
Priority 120 (configured)
Weighting 100 (default 100), thresholds: lower 1, upper 100
Load balancing: round-robin !!!!!!!!!
Group members: !!!!!!!!!
c202.0873.0000 (192.168.23.2) local !!!!!!!!!
c203.0891.0000 (192.168.23.3) !!!!!!!!!
There are 2 forwarders (1 active) !!!!!!!!!
Forwarder 1
State is Active
1 state change, last state change 00:37:43
MAC address is 0007.b400.0101 (default)
Owner ID is c202.0873.0000
Redirection enabled
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is local, weighting 100
Forwarder 2
State is Listen
MAC address is 0007.b400.0102 (learnt)
Owner ID is c203.0891.0000
Redirection enabled, 597.652 sec remaining (maximum 600 sec)
Time to live: 14397.632 sec (maximum 14400 sec)
Preemption enabled, min delay 30 sec
Active is 192.168.23.3 (primary), weighting 100 (expires in 7.572 sec)负载均衡
PC1> clear arp
PC1> trace 1.1.1.1
trace to 1.1.1.1, 8 hops max, press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.23.3 15.986 ms 12.152 ms 20.976 ms
2 *10.1.13.1 48.312 ms (ICMP type:3, code:3, Destination port unreachable)
PC1> clear arp
PC1> trace 1.1.1.1
trace to 1.1.1.1, 8 hops max, press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.23.3 10.591 ms 10.429 ms 15.862 ms
2 *10.1.13.1 30.869 ms (ICMP type:3, code:3, Destination port unreachable)
PC1> clear arp
PC1> trace 1.1.1.1
trace to 1.1.1.1, 8 hops max, press Ctrl+C to stop
1 192.168.23.3 9.717 ms 10.579 ms 10.512 ms
2 *10.1.13.1 30.150 ms (ICMP type:3, code:3, Destination port unreachable)实验二: weighted
（2）加权负载均衡
配置weight值，定义负载分配比例
比如AVF R1接口下配置weight值100，对应虚拟MAC是01，AVF R2接口下配置weight值200，对应虚拟MAC是02，则主机向AVG发送arp请求会先获取01的MAC，随后主机 clear arp-cache后再次向AVG发送arp请求，会获取02的MAC，再重复操作后第三次发送arp请求，则获取的MAC还会是02
优先级Priority值影响的是AVG，Weight值影响的是AVF
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=31.112 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:01 192.168.23.254 expires in 117 seconds 1
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=31.452 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:02 192.168.23.254 expires in 118 seconds 2
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=31.616 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:02 192.168.23.254 expires in 116 seconds 2
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=30.776 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:01 192.168.23.254 expires in 117 seconds 1
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=47.583 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:02 192.168.23.254 expires in 118 seconds 2
PC1> clear arp
PC1> ping 1.1.1.1 -c 1
84 bytes from 1.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=48.524 ms
PC1> show arp
00:07:b4:00:01:02 192.168.23.254 expires in 117 seconds 2
这里的特性跟HSRP有点像
VRRP
概念
CISCO VRRP配置_cisco vrrp配置实例_会飞的猪@123的博客-CSDN博客
配置
vrrp 1 ip //配置VRRP group IP address
vrrp 1 preempt //开启抢占
vrrp 1 priority //改优先级
vrrp 1 track //开启追踪show vrrp
FastEthernet0/0 - Group 1
State is Master
Virtual IP address is 192.168.23.254
Virtual MAC address is 0000.5e00.0101
Advertisement interval is 1.000 sec
Preemption enabled
Priority is 200
Track object 1 state Up decrement 100
Master Router is 192.168.23.3 (local), priority is 200
Master Advertisement interval is 1.000 sec
Master Down interval is 3.218 sec实验图
参考
网关冗余协议——HSRP、VRRP、GLBP概念摘要_D_SJ的博客-CSDN博客
CISCO VRRP配置_cisco vrrp配置实例_会飞的猪@123的博客-CSDN博客