第五届全国大学生GIS应用技能大赛开发题答案(非官方)

第五届全国大学生GIS应用技能大赛开发题答案(非官方)

题目：

根据你的解决方案，开发一个应用型GIS系统，该系统需要具备以下功能：

a. 打开地图文档功能（地图文档位于AirQuality文件夹下）。（3分）

b. 退出程序并保存地图文档功能。（3分）

c. 在地图上点击，选择一个监测站点，并显示该监测站点的属性信息。（3分）

d. 在监测站点列表中选择一个监测站点后，在地图上高亮显示，缩放至该监测站点，并显示该监测站点的属性信息。（3分）

e. 在地图上选择一个多边形，统计该多边形内部的监测站点内数量，并高亮显示。（3分）

f. 将Excel中的数据匹配到监测站点。（3分）

g. 在地图上显示北京各个区县的名称。（3分）

h. 为北京各个区县匹配一个符号。（3分）

i. 导出北京区县图层为一个新的数据。（3分）

j. 在监测站点图层添加一个新站点。（5分）

答案：

主窗体界面：

界面详情请查看：https://blog.csdn.net/H48662654/article/details/102980068

主窗体代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Controls;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesFile;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesGDB;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesOleDB;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.DataSourcesRaster;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Display;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.esriSystem;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Output;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.SystemUI;
using System.Data.OleDb;

namespace Ex1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            ESRI.ArcGIS.RuntimeManager.Bind(ESRI.ArcGIS.ProductCode.EngineOrDesktop);
            InitializeComponent();
            axTOCControl1.SetBuddyControl(axMapControl1);
        }
        #region 输入输出模块
        //文件路径  
        string path = null;

        private void 打开文档ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            openFileDialog1.Title = "打开文件";
            openFileDialog1.Filter = "ArcMap Document(*.mxd)|*.mxd";
            openFileDialog1.Multiselect = false;
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                path = openFileDialog1.FileName;
                axMapControl1.LoadMxFile(path);
            }
        }

        private void 保存文档ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
                IMxdContents content = axMapControl1.Map as IMxdContents;
                IMapDocument mapDocumnet = new MapDocumentClass();
                mapDocumnet.Open(path);
                mapDocumnet.ReplaceContents(content);
                mapDocumnet.Save();
                MessageBox.Show("文档已保存");
        }

        private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            //窗体关闭自动保存
            保存文档ToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender, e);
        }

        private void 导出图层ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //导出北京区县图层为Shapefile文件
            saveFileDialog1.Title = "导出图层";
            saveFileDialog1.Filter = "LayerFile(*.lyr)|*.lyr";
            if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                ILayerFile layerFile = new LayerFileClass();
                layerFile.New(saveFileDialog1.FileName);
                ILayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(1);
                layerFile.ReplaceContents(layer);
                layerFile.Save();
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功");
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 属性查询模块

        //点击站点显示属性表
        private void axMapControl1_OnMouseDown(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)
        {
            axMapControl1.Map.ClearSelection();
            //在地图上点击 点作缓冲分析，即对该点进行扩大  方便接下来的空间查询
            IPoint pt = new PointClass();
            pt = axMapControl1.ActiveView.ScreenDisplay.DisplayTransformation.ToMapPoint(e.x, e.y);
            ITopologicalOperator topo = pt as ITopologicalOperator;
            IGeometry buffer = topo.Buffer(0.01) as IGeometry;
            //在检测站点图层上进行空间查询
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;
            IFeatureSelection featureSelection = layer as IFeatureSelection;
            ISpatialFilter filter = new SpatialFilterClass();
            //查询集合体设为缓冲点
            filter.Geometry = buffer;
            filter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects;
            //高亮显示
            featureSelection.SelectFeatures(filter, esriSelectionResultEnum.esriSelectionResultNew, true);
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
            ISelectionSet set = featureSelection.SelectionSet;
            //将查询属性的ID值作为属性表的构造函数
            IEnumIDs ids = set.IDs;
            //显示属性表
            属性表 table = new 属性表(ids,layer);
            table.Show();
        }

        private void 开启状态ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown += axMapControl1_OnMouseDown;
        }

        private void 关闭状态ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown -= axMapControl1_OnMouseDown;
        }

        //在属性表中选择站点缩放到对应站点
        private void 打开监测站列表ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {   
            //根据情况调用不同的构造函数
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;
            属性表 table = new 属性表(layer,axMapControl1.ActiveView);
            table.Show();
        }

        //在地图上画多边形统计数量
        private void draw(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)
        {
            axMapControl1.Map.ClearSelection();
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;
            IFeatureSelection featureSelection = layer as IFeatureSelection;
            ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilterClass();
            //设置空间查询条件为相交
            spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects;
            //查询几何体为从地图上获取的多边形
            spatialFilter.Geometry = axMapControl1.TrackPolygon();
            //高亮选择
            featureSelection.SelectFeatures(spatialFilter, esriSelectionResultEnum.esriSelectionResultNew, false);
            ISelectionSet set = featureSelection.SelectionSet;
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
            IEnumIDs ids = set.IDs;
            int id = ids.Next();
            int n = 0;
            //通过ID统计个数
            while(id !=-1)
            {
                n++;
                id = ids.Next();
            }
            MessageBox.Show("该区域共有" + n + "个检测站");
        }

        private void 开启状态ToolStripMenuItem1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown += draw;
        }

        private void 关闭状态ToolStripMenuItem1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown -= draw;
        }

        //Excel数据匹配到站点
        private void excel数据匹配站点ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            openFileDialog1.Title = "打开Excel表";
            openFileDialog1.Filter = "Excel2003(*.xls)|*.xls";
            if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                //Excel路径
                string path = openFileDialog1.FileName;
                //数据库连接字符串
                string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + "Extended Properties='Excel 4.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1';";
                //表名
                string sheetName = "Sheet1";
                //选择语句
                string select = "Select * from [" + sheetName + "$]";
                //创建连接
                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
                //开启连接
                conn.Open();
                //创建适配器
                OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(select, strConn);
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                //填充数据
                adapter.Fill(dt);
                //关闭连接
                conn.Close();
                //显示属性表
                属性表 table = new 属性表(dt, axMapControl1.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer);
                table.Show();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 画图

        //显示区县名称
        private void 区县名称ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(1) as IFeatureLayer;
            IFeatureCursor cursor = layer.FeatureClass.Search(null, true);
            IFeature feature = cursor.NextFeature();
            while(feature != null)
            {
                IPoint pt = new PointClass();
                IGeometry geo = feature.Shape;
                IGeometry5 geo5 = geo as IGeometry5;
                //以要素中心的位置作为名称文本显示的位置
                pt.X = geo5.CentroidEx.X;
                pt.Y = geo5.CentroidEx.Y;
                ITextElement ele = new TextElementClass();
                ele.Symbol = new TextSymbol();
                //获取值
                ele.Text = feature.get_Value(feature.Fields.FindField("Name")).ToString();
                IElement elem = ele as IElement;
                elem.Geometry = pt;
                IGraphicsContainer gra = axMapControl1.ActiveView.FocusMap as IGraphicsContainer;
                gra.AddElement(elem,0);
                feature = cursor.NextFeature();
            }
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
        }

        //为每个区县匹配唯一的符号

        //创建随机颜色  参数为随机数种子  确保唯一
        private IColor CreateRandomColor(int i)
        {
            Random ran = new Random(i);
            IRgbColor color = new RgbColorClass();
            color.Red = ran.Next(256);
            color.Green = ran.Next(256);
            color.Blue = ran.Next(256);
            return color;
        }
        private void 匹配符号ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //唯一值渲染器
            IUniqueValueRenderer renderer = new UniqueValueRendererClass();
            //设置用与渲染的字段数目  最多3个 
            renderer.FieldCount = 1;
            //设置字段
            renderer.set_Field(0, "FID");
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(1) as IFeatureLayer;
            IFeatureCursor cursor = layer.FeatureClass.Search(null, true);
            IFeature feature =cursor.NextFeature();
            while (feature != null)
            {
                //获取要素的FID 充当随机数种子
                int i = Convert.ToInt16(feature.get_Value(0).ToString());
                //获取FID值 充当渲染值
                string value = feature.get_Value(feature.Fields.FindField("FID")).ToString();
                ISimpleFillSymbol symbol = new SimpleFillSymbolClass();
                symbol.Color = CreateRandomColor(i);
                symbol.Style = esriSimpleFillStyle.esriSFSSolid;
                //添加值
                renderer.AddValue(value, "FID", symbol as ISymbol);
                feature = cursor.NextFeature();
            }
            IGeoFeatureLayer geoLayer = layer as IGeoFeatureLayer;
            geoLayer.Renderer = renderer as IFeatureRenderer;
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
        }

        //添加点
        private void add(object sender, IMapControlEvents2_OnMouseDownEvent e)
        {
            IFeatureLayer layer = axMapControl1.get_Layer(0) as IFeatureLayer;
            IPoint pt = new PointClass();
            pt = axMapControl1.ActiveView.ScreenDisplay.DisplayTransformation.ToMapPoint(e.x, e.y);
            IFeature feature = layer.FeatureClass.CreateFeature();
            feature.Shape = pt;
            feature.Store();
            axMapControl1.Refresh();
        }
        private void 开启状态ToolStripMenuItem2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown += add;
        }

        private void 关闭状态ToolStripMenuItem2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            axMapControl1.OnMouseDown -= add;
        }
        #endregion 
    }
}

属性表窗体界面：

属性表窗体代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto;
using ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry;

namespace Ex1
{
    public partial class 属性表 : Form
    {
        IEnumIDs ids = null;
        IFeatureLayer layer = null;
        IActiveView act = null;
        DataTable dataTable = null;
        //不同的构造函数对应不同要求
        public 属性表(IEnumIDs ids,IFeatureLayer layer)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.ids = ids;
            this.layer = layer;
        }
        public 属性表(IFeatureLayer layer,IActiveView act)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.layer = layer;
            this.act = act;
        }
        public 属性表(DataTable dt, IFeatureLayer layer)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.dataTable = dt;
            this.layer = layer;
        }

        private void 属性表_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
            if (ids != null)
            {
                IFeatureClass featureClass = layer.FeatureClass;
                int id = ids.Next();
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                DataColumn dc;
                //每个字段一列
                for (int i = 0; i < featureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                {
                    dc = new DataColumn(featureClass.Fields.get_Field(i).Name);
                    dt.Columns.Add(dc);
                }
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                //循环添加数据行
                while (id != -1)
                {
                    IFeature feature = featureClass.GetFeature(id);
                    for (int i = 0; i < featureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                    {
                        //Shapez字段单独赋值
                        if (feature.Fields.get_Field(i).Name.Equals("Shape"))
                        {
                            switch (feature.Shape.GeometryType)
                            {
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint:
                                    dr[i] = "Point";
                                    break;
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon:
                                    dr[i] = "Polygon";
                                    break;
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline:
                                    dr[i] = "Polyline";
                                    break;
                                default:
                                    dr[i] = "Other";
                                    break;
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                        dr[i] = feature.get_Value(i).ToString();
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                    dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
                }
            }
            else if (dataTable != null)//匹配Excel数据到检测站点
            {
                IFeatureClass featureClass = layer.FeatureClass;
                //添加Excel中字段，防止重复添加
                if (featureClass.Fields.FieldCount < 6)
                {
                    //PM2.5字段
                    IFieldEdit edit = new FieldClass();
                    edit.AliasName_2 = "PM2.5";
                    edit.Name_2 = "PM2.5";
                    edit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;
                    edit.Length_2 = 100;
                    featureClass.AddField(edit);
                    //SO2字段
                    IFieldEdit edit2 = new FieldClass();
                    edit2.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeInteger;
                    edit2.AliasName_2 = "SO2";
                    edit2.Name_2 = "SO2";
                    featureClass.AddField(edit2);
                    //NO2字段
                    IFieldEdit edit3 = new FieldClass();
                    edit3.AliasName_2 = "NO2";
                    edit3.Name_2 = "NO2";
                    edit3.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeInteger;
                    featureClass.AddField(edit3);
                }

                //创建属性表类似上一步   这里有代码冗余的缺点  是为了方便理解
                IFeatureCursor cursor = featureClass.Search(null, true);
                IFeature feature = cursor.NextFeature();
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                DataColumn dc;
                for (int i = 0; i < featureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                {
                    dc = new DataColumn(featureClass.Fields.get_Field(i).Name);
                    dt.Columns.Add(dc);
                }
                int j = 1;
                while (feature != null)
                {
                    DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                    for (int i = 0; i < featureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                    {
                        if (i < featureClass.Fields.FieldCount - 3)
                        {
                            if (feature.Fields.get_Field(i).Name.Equals("Shape"))
                            {
                                switch (feature.Shape.GeometryType)
                                {
                                    case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint:
                                        dr[i] = "Point";
                                        break;
                                    case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon:
                                        dr[i] = "Polygon";
                                        break;
                                    case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline:
                                        dr[i] = "Polyline";
                                        break;
                                    default:
                                        dr[i] = "Other";
                                        break;
                                }
                                continue;
                            }
                            dr[i] = feature.get_Value(i).ToString();
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            dr[i] = dataTable.Rows[j].ItemArray[i - 1];
                        }
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                    feature = cursor.NextFeature();
                    j++;
                }
                dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
               
            }
            else
            {
                //类似
                IFeatureCursor cursor = layer.FeatureClass.Search(null, true);
                IFeature feature = cursor.NextFeature();
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                DataColumn dc;
                for (int i = 0; i < layer.FeatureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                {
                    dc = new DataColumn(layer.FeatureClass.Fields.get_Field(i).Name);
                    dt.Columns.Add(dc);
                }

                while (feature != null)
                {
                    DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                    for (int i = 0; i < layer.FeatureClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)
                    {
                        if (feature.Fields.get_Field(i).Name.Equals("Shape"))
                        {
                            switch (feature.Shape.GeometryType)
                            {
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint:
                                    dr[i] = "Point";
                                    break;
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon:
                                    dr[i] = "Polygon";
                                    break;
                                case ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolyline:
                                    dr[i] = "Polyline";
                                    break;
                                default:
                                    dr[i] = "Other";
                                    break;
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                        dr[i] = feature.get_Value(i).ToString();
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                    feature = cursor.NextFeature();
                }
                dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
            }
        }

        //双击要素属性表行号放缩至该要素区域
        private void dataGridView1_RowHeaderMouseDoubleClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
        {
            act.FocusMap.ClearSelection();
            //获取行号
            int i = e.RowIndex;
            //根据行号获取要素
            IFeature feature = layer.FeatureClass.GetFeature(i);
            IPoint pt = new PointClass();
            IGeometry geo = feature.Shape;
            IGeometry5 geo5 = geo as IGeometry5;
            //获取该要素的中心点坐标
            pt.X = geo5.CentroidEx.X;
            pt.Y = geo5.CentroidEx.Y;
            IEnvelope env = new EnvelopeClass();
            //以该坐标为基础创建包络线
            env.XMax = pt.X + 0.01;
            env.XMin = pt.X - 0.01;
            env.YMax = pt.Y + 0.01;
            env.YMin = pt.Y - 0.01;
            env.CenterAt(pt);
            env.Expand(0.01, 0.01, false);
            //将地图的显示区域设置为创建的包络线  即放缩至该要素
            act.Extent = env;
            //同时高亮
            act.FocusMap.SelectByShape(pt as IGeometry, null, true);
            act.Refresh();
        }
    }
}

		//双击要素属性表行号放缩至该要素区域
        private void dataGridView1_RowHeaderMouseDoubleClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
        {
            act.FocusMap.ClearSelection();
            //获取行号
            int i = e.RowIndex;
            //根据行号获取要素
            IFeature feature = layer.FeatureClass.GetFeature(i);
            IPoint pt = new PointClass();
            IGeometry geo = feature.Shape;
            IGeometry5 geo5 = geo as IGeometry5;
            //获取该要素的中心点坐标
            pt.X = geo5.CentroidEx.X;
            pt.Y = geo5.CentroidEx.Y;
            IEnvelope env = new EnvelopeClass();
            //以该坐标为基础创建包络线
            env.XMax = pt.X + 0.01;
            env.XMin = pt.X - 0.01;
            env.YMax = pt.Y + 0.01;
            env.YMin = pt.Y - 0.01;
            env.CenterAt(pt);
            env.Expand(0.01, 0.01, false);
            //将地图的显示区域设置为创建的包络线  即放缩至该要素
            act.Extent = env;
            //同时高亮
            act.FocusMap.SelectByShape(pt as IGeometry, null, true);
            act.Refresh();
        }
    }
}

历届GIS应用技能大赛开发题答案点这里，尚在不定期更新中