Android 扫一扫,绘制指定区域透明区域

一、概述
在实现扫一扫的功能的时候,我们需要绘制一个中间为透明的扫码框,其余部分为半透明。通常情况下,例如微信或者支付宝的扫码框都是矩形的,如果中间的扫码框是一个矩形,那么布局是很简单的,可是如果扫码框是一个圆角矩形,或者圆形等情况怎么办呢?这篇文章主要是记录绘制一个中间透明带圆角的矩形。

按照惯例,我们先来看看效果图 :


二、按照流程我们就开始来看看代码啦
1、CustomDrawable,支持中间出现透明区域的drawable

package per.juan.scandome;

import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.ColorFilter;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Path;
import android.graphics.PorterDuff;
import android.graphics.PorterDuffXfermode;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * 支持中间出现透明区域的drawable
 * 通过{@link #setSrcPath(Path)}设定透明区域的形状
 * Created by juan on 2018/07/20.
 */
public class CustomDrawable extends Drawable {
    private Paint srcPaint;
    private Path srcPath = new Path();

    private Drawable innerDrawable;


    public CustomDrawable(Drawable innerDrawable) {
        this.innerDrawable = innerDrawable;
        srcPath.addRect(100, 100, 200, 200, Path.Direction.CW);
        srcPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        srcPaint.setColor(0xffffffff);
    }

    /**
     * 设置内部透明的部分
     *
     * @param srcPath
     */
    public void setSrcPath(Path srcPath) {
        this.srcPath = srcPath;
    }

    @Override
    public void draw(@NonNull Canvas canvas) {
        innerDrawable.setBounds(getBounds());
        if (srcPath == null || srcPath.isEmpty()) {
            innerDrawable.draw(canvas);
        } else {
            //将绘制操作保存到新的图层,因为图像合成是很昂贵的操作,将用到硬件加速,这里将图像合成的处理放到离屏缓存中进行
            int saveCount = canvas.saveLayer(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight(), srcPaint, Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);

            //dst 绘制目标图
            innerDrawable.draw(canvas);

            //设置混合模式
            srcPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR));
            //src 绘制源图
            canvas.drawPath(srcPath, srcPaint);
            //清除混合模式
            srcPaint.setXfermode(null);
            //还原画布
            canvas.restoreToCount(saveCount);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setAlpha(int alpha) {
        innerDrawable.setAlpha(alpha);
    }

    @Override
    public void setColorFilter(@Nullable ColorFilter colorFilter) {
        innerDrawable.setColorFilter(colorFilter);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOpacity() {
        return innerDrawable.getOpacity();
    }
}

(1)主要用到的技术是PorterDuffXfermode的PorterDuff.Mode.XOR模式
(2)核心思想是先正常绘制出整个drawable,然后将指定的区域混合成透明色

2、CustomLayout

package per.juan.scandome;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Path;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;

/**
 * 根据layout中子View的位置,确定局部透明区域
 * Created by juan on 2018/07/20.
 */
public class CustomLayout extends FrameLayout {

    private Context mContext;
    private CustomDrawable background;

    public CustomLayout(@NonNull Context context) {
        super(context);
        initView(context, null, 0);
    }

    public CustomLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        this.mContext=context;
        initView(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public CustomLayout(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        initView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    private void initView(@NonNull Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        background = new CustomDrawable(getBackground());
        setBackground(background);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
        resetBackgroundHoleArea();
    }

    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    private void resetBackgroundHoleArea() {
        Path path = null;
        // 以子View为范围构造需要透明显示的区域
        View view = findViewById(R.id.iv_scan);
        if (view != null) {
            path = new Path();
            // 矩形透明区域
            path.addRoundRect(view.getLeft(), view.getTop(), view.getRight(), view.getBottom(), dp2Px(mContext,10), dp2Px(mContext,10),Path.Direction.CW);
        }
        if (path != null) {
            background.setSrcPath(path);
        }
    }

    public int dp2Px(Context context, float dp) {
        final float scale = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
        return (int) (dp * scale + 0.5f);
    }
}

3、然后在XML布局中声明我们的自定义View




    

    

        
        

    

好了,本篇文章就这样了,存在不足的地方还望指导,感谢_

附录:
自定义Drawable之:在Drawable中部指定透明区域

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