ORA-00099: warning: no parameter file specified for ASM instance解决方法

问题现象：启动ora.cssd正常，但是起ASM实例报错ORA-00099。

[grid@db ~]$ crsctl start resource ora.cssd
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'db'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'db'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'db' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'db' succeeded
[grid@db ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
​
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Aug 3 19:55:18 2014
​
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
​
Connected to an idle instance.
​
SQL> startup
ORA-00099: warning: no parameter file specified for ASM instance
ASM instance started
​
Total System Global Area  283930624 bytes
Fixed Size                  2227664 bytes
Variable Size             256537136 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ORA-15110: no diskgroups mounted

解决思路及方法：

1. 查看crs及所有的service的状态，发现DATA未挂载(DISMOUNT)。
   可以使用两种方式查看

• 第一种方法

[grid@db ~]$ crsctl status resource
NAME=ora.DATA.dg
TYPE=ora.diskgroup.type
TARGET=OFFLINE
STATE=OFFLINE
​
NAME=ora.LISTENER.lsnr
TYPE=ora.listener.type
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on db
​
NAME=ora.asm
TYPE=ora.asm.type
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on db
​
NAME=ora.asp.db
TYPE=ora.database.type
TARGET=OFFLINE
STATE=OFFLINE
​
NAME=ora.cssd
TYPE=ora.cssd.type
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on db
​
NAME=ora.diskmon
TYPE=ora.diskmon.type
TARGET=OFFLINE
STATE=OFFLINE
​
NAME=ora.evmd
TYPE=ora.evm.type
TARGET=ONLINE
STATE=ONLINE on db
​
NAME=ora.ons
TYPE=ora.ons.type
TARGET=OFFLINE
STATE=OFFLINE

• 第二种方法

[grid@db ~]$ crs_stat -t -v
Name           Type           R/RA   F/FT   Target    State     Host        
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type 0/5    0/     OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    db          
ora.asm        ora.asm.type   0/5    0/     ONLINE    ONLINE    db          
ora.asp.db     ora....se.type 0/2    0/1    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.cssd       ora.cssd.type  0/5    0/5    ONLINE    ONLINE    db          
ora.diskmon    ora....on.type 0/10   0/5    OFFLINE   OFFLINE               
ora.evmd       ora.evm.type   0/10   0/5    ONLINE    ONLINE    db          
ora.ons        ora.ons.type   0/3    0/     OFFLINE   OFFLINE               

2. 查看参数disk_groups发现没有值

[grid@db ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
​
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Aug 3 20:21:42 2014
​
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
​
​
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Automatic Storage Management option
​
​
SQL> show parameter disk
​
NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups                       string
asm_diskstring                       string

3. 修改diskgroup参数值

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-15100: invalid or missing diskgroup name
​
​
ASM instance shutdown
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-00099: warning: no parameter file specified for ASM instance
ASM instance started
​
Total System Global Area  283930624 bytes
Fixed Size                  2227664 bytes
Variable Size             256537136 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups=DATA scope=spfile;
alter system set asm_diskgroups=DATA scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32001: write to SPFILE requested but no SPFILE is in use

4. 重新创建SPFILE

SQL> create spfile from pfile;
create spfile from pfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file
'/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/init+ASM.ora'

5. 查看init+ASM.ora文件不存在

[grid@db pfile]$ cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/dbs/
[grid@db dbs]$ ls
ab_+ASM.dat  hc_+ASM.dat  init.ora  orapw+ASM

6. 去PFILE文件下拷贝控制文件，发现文件夹为空

[grid@db pfile]$ cd /u01/app/grid/admin/+ASM/pfile
[grid@db pfile]$ ls
[grid@db pfile]$ 

7. 重新安装grid软件。