用Python进行高德地图地址解析，使用SuperMap iDesktop 生成中国高校与研究所分布图

大家应该都在学生时代使用过12306购买过学生票，不知道有没有注意到12306的全国高校数据；
经过分析是一个json 文件 ,URL和数据详情如下。
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/userCommon/schoolNames

12306高校数据

那么作为一个爱折腾的GISer，我们能做点什么呢？
下面我们就通过高德的地址解析API来分析出各个高校的地址，进而做一张全国高校的分布图。

本次采用Python来调用API解析，下面给出Python代码

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
from requests import exceptions


def geocode(address):
    parameters = {'address': address, 's': 'rsv3', 'key': '这里填写你的高德地图token'}
    base = 'http://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geo'
    response = requests.get(base, parameters)
    answer = response.json()
    if any(answer['geocodes']):
        if any(answer['geocodes'][0]['city']):
            if any(answer['geocodes'][0]['district']):
                return answer['geocodes'][0]['location'] + "," + answer['geocodes'][0]['province'] + "," + answer['geocodes'][0]['city'] + "," + answer['geocodes'][0]['district']
            else:
                return answer['geocodes'][0]['location'] + "," + answer['geocodes'][0]['province'] + "," + ","
        else:
            return answer['geocodes'][0]['location'] + "," + answer['geocodes'][0]['province'] + "," + ","
    else:
        return ","

url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/userCommon/schoolNames"
response = requests.get(url)
json_str = response.content.decode()
ret1 = json.loads(json_str)
for data in ret1["data"]:
    lonlat = geocode(data["chineseName"])
    # print(lonlat)
    school = data["chineseName"]+","+lonlat+","+data["simplePin"]+","+data["stationTelecode"]+"\r\n"
    print(school)
    with open("12306withlonlat.csv", "a+", encoding="utf-8") as f:
      f.write(school)

解析完成之后，我们会得到这样的包含有地址和经纬度的csv文件，获取到的csv文件中还是有一部分不能获取到位置信息的，一般都是一些研究所和某些涉密的部门，需要我们对数据进一步的筛选和处理。

地址解析结果

然后我们使用SuperMap iDesktop的属性转点讲这些数据转换为点数据，

image.png

转换教程地址 ： http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMTQxNjk0ODEzMg==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0
底图为摩卡托天地图

点位分布

热力图

四边形网格

六边形网格

换一个暗色的底图，是不是立马高大上了?

分析的结果清晰的显示，大西北的教育还是比较欠缺啊！！！