2020-02-14 词汇学习策略

内容来源于北外文秋芳老师的《词汇学习策略》网课



一、确定词汇目标

美国大学生:20000个,可接受性的单词

可接受性单词:听、读

产出性词汇:说、写

词频:3000-4000-13000

至少3000高频词。

We need right vocabulary rather than big vocabulary.

Using very simple words to express complicated meanings.

So we should learn common words well.


两个等级的单词目标:

Stage 1:3000 words in reading\writing\speaking\listening(3000高频词)

朗文词典中红色词都是3000词。

3000词汇量意味着每10个词里会遇到一个新的词

stage2:3000+4000 ,4000words in reading and listening(4000中频词)

7000词汇量意味着每15个词里会遇到一个新的词

3000词和4000词是同时的。



二、如何学习这些词

3000词一定要细致地掌握扎实,4000词要掌握捷径

STAGE 1 3000词

1、学些什么?

词形、词意和语法

2、如何去学?

1、学会选择学习的单词:

不是所有的不懂的单词都要学。陌生的单词,查词典,看是否高频,高频就认真学,低频就忽略它自己猜意思

2、对一个新词,首先要判断是将它作为接受性词汇还是产出性词汇,不同的词汇有不同的学法。

在所在的语境中是什么用法,一次性学不完所有的用法。先学自己熟悉的,然后记住它并运用。

难的可以后面循序渐进地学

知道学什么,比学什么更重要。

3、选择适合自己合适的方式:有些是依赖视觉、有些听觉……

经历三个阶段:

记忆、使用、在不同的上下文语境中看到它(recycle)

Memorizing

Say the words you are learning.

Record the words/phrases you are learning on tape and play to yourself whenever you have time

Write the words you are learning on pieces of paper or stick-it notes and put them around your room

put the words into sentences

Using your knowledge of the parts of words.

Using 

Create sentences of your own

Write a story that includes all the words you have learned

Learn words for a certain topic or situation,and then write about the topic jusing vocabulary learned or have a discussion or conversation with a parterner.

Recycling

Follow a news story that is printed or broadcast every day for several weeks

Focus on one type of news story(sports,entertainment,education)

Watch movies or read books on particular topics(travel,business)

Read several books by the same author.



STAGE2  shortcuts

词根、前缀、后缀 root ,prefix,suffix




How to DEALING WITH new words

ignore it——not important,look over

guess it form the context——reading\listening words

consult a dictionary——3000词

guess it and first and then consult a dictionary——这个方法是最好的。

look for clues to meaning in the word itself

ask the teacher or a friend for assistance



Avoid forgetting

间歇性重复

利用好碎片时间

学习的时候,不要一个时间段里全部学完,而是分为几个板块,各板块花一点时间

每天10分钟,每周1个小时,每个月一个小时

难的单词花更多的时间,简单的单词不要花太多时间。熟悉的就复习一遍,

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