当我必须查找方法时,我通常做的是从我正在进行的查询生成缓存键,并将此缓存键保存在地图中.
例:
我知道方法参数是Boolean.TRUE,Arrays.asList(“foo”,“bar”,“baz”)和BigInteger.valueOf(77777l)
我的类包含一个带签名的方法
public foo(boolean, Collection, Number)
我无法直接将参数映射到参数类型,因为我只是不知道哪个超类或接口是参数类型,如下表所示:
Expected Type | What I have
-----------------------------------------------------
boolean | java.lang.Boolean
java.util.Collection | java.util.Arrays$ArrayList
java.lang.Number | java.math.BigInteger
这些对中的每一对都是兼容的,但是没有定义比较方法就无法找到兼容的方法,如下所示:
// determine whether a method's parameter types are compatible
// with my arg array
public static boolean isCompatible(final Method method,
final Object[] params) throws Exception{
final Class>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
if(params.length != parameterTypes.length){
return false;
}
for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++){
final Object object = params[i];
final Class> paramType = parameterTypes[i];
if(!isCompatible(object, paramType)){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// determine whether a single object is compatible with
// a single parameter type
// careful: the object may be null
private static boolean isCompatible(final Object object,
final Class> paramType) throws Exception{
if(object == null){
// primitive parameters are the only parameters
// that can't handle a null object
return !paramType.isPrimitive();
}
// handles same type, super types and implemented interfaces
if(paramType.isInstance(object)){
return true;
}
// special case: the arg may be the Object wrapper for the
// primitive parameter type
if(paramType.isPrimitive()){
return isWrapperTypeOf(object.getClass(), paramType);
}
return false;
}
/*
awful hack, can be made much more elegant using Guava:
return Primitives.unwrap(candidate).equals(primitiveType);
*/
private static boolean isWrapperTypeOf(final Class> candidate,
final Class> primitiveType) throws Exception{
try{
return !candidate.isPrimitive()
&& candidate
.getDeclaredField("TYPE")
.get(null)
.equals(primitiveType);
} catch(final NoSuchFieldException e){
return false;
} catch(final Exception e){
throw e;
}
}
所以我要做的是有一个方法缓存:
private static final Map> methodCache;
并添加这样的查找方法:
public static Set getMatchingMethods(final Class> clazz,
final Object[] args) throws Exception{
final String cacheKey = toCacheKey(clazz, args);
Set methods = methodCache.get(cacheKey);
if(methods == null){
final Set tmpMethods = new HashSet();
for(final Method candidate : clazz.getDeclaredMethods()){
if(isCompatible(candidate, args)){
tmpMethods.add(candidate);
}
}
methods = Collections.unmodifiableSet(tmpMethods);
methodCache.put(cacheKey, methods);
}
return methods;
}
private static String toCacheKey(final Class> clazz, final Object[] args){
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(clazz.getName());
for(final Object obj : args){
sb.append('-').append(
obj == null ? "null" : obj.getClass().getName());
}
return sb.toString();
}
这样,后续查找将比第一次查找花费的时间少得多(对于相同类型的参数).
当然,因为Class.getDeclaredMethods()在内部使用缓存,所以问题在于我的缓存是否会提高性能.这基本上是一个更快的问题:
>生成缓存密钥并查询HashMap或
>迭代所有方法并查询参数兼容性
我猜:对于大班(很多方法),第一种方法会胜出,否则第二种方法会胜出