Windows下编译安装FreeCAD 0.21

FreeCAD采用了基于约束/特征的全参数化三维建模方法，作为一款开源CAD代码，近几年在国内s受到了越来越多的从业人员(特别是国产CAx软件开发人员)的欢迎。三年前，笔者写了一篇博文讲述在Windows下编译FreeCAD 0.18：FreeCAD编译、安装、开发环境。

在这期间，不少朋友也向笔者反应了一些新版本编译的问题。因此，本文记录在Windows下编译安装FreeCAD 0.21的流程，希望对大家有帮助。

零、环境

操作系统	Windows 11
Visual Studio	Visual Studio Community 2022
CMake	CMake 3.24.2
Doxygen	Doxygen-1.9.8

一、下载代码与依赖

1.1 下载代码

git clone https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD.git
cd ./FreeCAD/
git checkout -b FreeCAD-0-21 origin/releases/FreeCAD-0-21

1.2 下载依赖

从GitHub下载FreeCAD LibPack-0.21 Version 2.10。

从GitHub下载fmt-9.1.0.zip。

二、编译安装

按照下表配置CMake，并完成构建与生成，

Where is the source code	D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD
Where to build the binaries	D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\BUILD\FreeCAD-0.21
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX	D:/YouQuan/CaeFrameworks/FreeCAD/INSTALL/FreeCAD-0.21
FREECAD_LIBPACK_DIR	D:/YouQuan/CaeFrameworks/FreeCAD/LibPack-0.21-V2.10
FREECAD_USE_EXTERNAL_FMT	FALSE
FETCHCONTENT_SOURCE_DIR_FMT	D:/YouQuan/CaeFrameworks/FreeCAD/fmt-9.1.0	LibPack仅提供了Release版本的fmtlib
FREECAD_USE_MP_COMPILE_FLAG	FALSE	若开启，编译需要较大内存
BUILD_TEST	FALSE

打开FreeCAD.sln，构建"ALL_BUILD"完成FreeCAD编译；构建"INSTALL"完成FreeCAD安装。

三、常见问题

问题：Error C1060 compiler is out of heap space

Error C1060 compiler is out of heap space (compiling source file D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\PartDesign\App\ShapeBinder.cpp)    PartDesign    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\fmt-9.1.0\include\fmt\printf.h    402    

解决：在cMake/FreeCAD_Helpers/SetGlobalCompilerAndLinkerSettings.cmake中，"FREECAD_USE_MP_COMPILE_FLAG"默认情况下开启，以加速FreeCAD编译，但需要较多的内存。可以在CMake中，将"FREECAD_USE_MP_COMPILE_FLAG"设为"FALSE"。

问题：在编译TechDrawGui时，字符串报错

Error C2001 newline in constant TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp    89     

Error C2143 syntax error: missing ')' before '}' TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\CommandExtensionDims.cpp    175    

Error C2146 syntax error: missing ')' before identifier 'roughGrades' TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp    90    

Error C3680 cannot concatenate user-defined string literals with mismatched literal suffix identifiers TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp    89    

Error C3688 invalid literal suffix 'X'; literal operator or literal operator template 'operator ""X' not found TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp    89    
 

解决：TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp、CommandExtensionDims.cpp文件中使用了UTF-8无法解析的符号。将其使用Notepad++以UTF-16进行编码保存。

问题：TechDrawGui编译时，提示有重复的函数定义

Error LNK2005 "public: virtual struct QMetaObject const * __cdecl TechDrawGui::TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols::metaObject(void)const " (?metaObject@TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols@TechDrawGui@@UEBAPEBUQMetaObject@@XZ) already defined in mocs_compilation_Debug.obj    TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\BUILD\FreeCAD-0.21\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.obj    1    
 

解决：在TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols中，注释掉下行代码

#include 

问题：Release下，编译TechDrawGui，提示找不到 'ui_TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.h'

Error C1083 Cannot open include file: 'ui_TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.h': No such file or directory TechDrawGui    D:\YouQuan\CaeFrameworks\FreeCAD\FreeCAD\src\Mod\TechDraw\Gui\TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.cpp    37    

解决：将"TechDrawGui_autogen/include_Debug/ui_TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.h"拷贝到"TechDrawGui_autogen/include_Release/ui_TaskSurfaceFinishSymbols.h"。

问题：VS中，设置FreeCADMain为启动项目，调试时缺少python38_d.dll、Qt5Cored.dll、Qt5Widgetsd.dll、Qt5Guid.dll等库。

解决：设置FreeCADMain属性，指定PATH、FC_PYTHONHOME等环境变量

For Debug:

        PATH=../../../../LibPack-0.21-V2.10/bind;../../../../LibPack-0.21-V2.10/bin;$(Path)

        FC_PYTHONHOME=../../../../LibPack-0.21-V2.10/bin

For Release:

        PATH=../../../../LibPack-0.21-V2.10/bin;$(Path)

        FC_PYTHONHOME=../../../../LibPack-0.21-V2.10/bin

参考资料

FreeCADhttps://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD

FreeCAD-LibPackhttps://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD-LibPack

FreeCAD Documention: Compile on Windowshttps://wiki.freecad.org/Compile_on_Windows

FreeCAD编译、安装、开发环境https://blog.csdn.net/qq_26221775/article/details/106172142?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502