python3.8如何正确安装使用ExcelLibrary
python3.8如何正确安装使用ExcelLibrary
- 前因
-
- 新的改变
- 卸载excelLibrary
- 采用同样的办法，安装ride
- 关键字
- 如何使用excelLibrary，官方示例
- 注意事项
- 官方文档
前因
尝试过pip install robotframework-ExcelLibrary 会发现安装时报错。
(auto-venv) D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\AutoLink>pip install robotframework-ExcelLibrary==0.0.2
Collecting robotframework-ExcelLibrary==0.0.2
Using cached robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2.zip (61 kB)
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\AutoLink\auto-venv\Scripts\python.exe' -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\EL128\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-6yxp68eu\\robotframework-excellibrary\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\EL128\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-6yxp68eu\\robotframework-excellibrary\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base 'C:\Users\EL128\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-pip-egg-info-m4sl5p0k'
cwd: C:\Users\EL128\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-6yxp68eu\robotframework-excellibrary\
Complete output (5 lines):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "" , line 1, in
File "C:\Users\EL128\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-6yxp68eu\robotframework-excellibrary\setup.py", line 23, in
execfile(join(dirname(__file__), 'ExcelLibrary', 'version.py'))
NameError: name 'execfile' is not defined
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.1; however, version 21.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\AutoLink\auto-venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
通过查询相关资料得知，python3版本已经淘汰了execfile，而是采用了exce
如果python3版本要使用excelLibrary的话，需要下载源码后对其源码进行相应的修改。
新的改变
修改后的源码包可取这里：
也可以自行取源码后修改，关于python3将Python2支持的execfile废弃掉了，用exec代替相关：
1.首先先离线安装包，安装包解压文件放在python安装路径下：如F:\python38\Lib\site-packages文件中，如果是虚拟环境，同样也可以放到虚拟环境对应的site-packages文件中。
robotframework-ExcelLibrary
离线下载链接：
https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b8/e7/8c079a814e7ad288ec2fc15671d8dc526e3d537bb00e4ab2b209a63674ed/robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2.zip
2.第二步解压文件，如下图依次进行修改。 （3.x print是个函数，必须加小括号进行函数调用）
2.1文件 setup.py
#execfile(join(dirname(file), ‘ExcelLibrary’, ‘version.py’))
exec(open(join(dirname(file), ‘ExcelLibrary’, ‘version.py’)).read())
2.2文件 ExcelLibrary.py
第一个
将所有的print xxx 语句修改为 print（xxx）
第二个
#from version import VERSION
from .version import VERSION
2.3文件 init.py
#from ExcelLibrary import ExcelLibrary
#from version import VERSION
from .ExcelLibrary import ExcelLibrary
from .version import VERSION
3.第三步我们无法通过pip安装，只能手动安装了，使用 python setup.py install
python setup.py install 属于离线安装，安装方式：下载好压缩包 ->解压 -> 在解压目录的当前文件夹下，打开终端，输入 ： python setup.py install 即可
(auto-venv) D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest>cd robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2
(auto-venv) D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2>python setup.py install
c:\python38\lib\distutils\dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'install_requires'
warnings.warn(msg)
running install
running build
running build_py
copying ExcelLibrary\__init__.py -> build\lib\ExcelLibrary
running install_lib
running install_data
running install_egg_info
Writing D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\AutoLink\auto-venv\Lib\site-packages\robotframework_excellibrary-0.0.2-py3.8.egg-info
4、安装成功后，pip list查看
(auto-venv) D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2>pip list
Package Version
------------------------------------- ----------
aniso8601 9.0.1
appdirs 1.4.4
Appium-Python-Client 0.26
APScheduler 3.5.1
bcrypt 3.2.0
blinker 1.4
certifi 2020.12.5
cffi 1.14.5
chardet 3.0.4
click 7.1.2
ConfigArgParse 1.2.3
cryptography 3.4.6
decorator 4.4.2
distlib 0.3.1
docutils 0.16
et-xmlfile 1.0.1
filelock 3.0.12
Flask 0.11
Flask-APScheduler 1.8.0
Flask-BasicAuth 0.2.0
Flask-Login 0.2.11
Flask-Mail 0.9.0
Flask-RESTful 0.3.6
Flask-Script 2.0.6
Flask-SSLify 0.1.5
future 0.18.2
gevent 20.6.2
geventhttpclient 1.4.4
greenlet 0.4.16
idna 2.6
install 1.3.4
itsdangerous 1.1.0
Jinja2 2.8
kitchen 1.2.6
locust 1.1.1
MarkupSafe 1.1.1
msgpack 1.0.0
natsort 7.1.1
numpy 1.20.1
openpyxl 3.0.7
paramiko 2.7.2
Pillow 8.1.2
pip 20.2.1
psutil 5.7.2
pycparser 2.20
Pygments 2.8.1
PyNaCl 1.4.0
Pypubsub 4.0.3
python-dateutil 2.7.3
pytz 2021.1
pywin32 300
pyzmq 19.0.2
requests 2.18.4
robotframework 3.0.3
robotframework-appiumlibrary 1.4.6
robotframework-databaselibrary 1.0.1
robotframework-excellib-xlsm 2.0.3
robotframework-excellibrary 0.0.2
robotframework-excellibrary-xwfintech 0.0.3
robotframework-requests 0.4.7
robotframework-ride 2.0b2.dev1
robotframework-seleniumlibrary 3.1.1
robotframework-sshlibrary 3.1.1
selenium 3.141.0
setuptools 49.2.1
six 1.15.0
tzlocal 2.1
urllib3 1.22
virtualenv 20.0.30
Werkzeug 0.14.1
wheel 0.34.2
wxPython 4.1.1
xlrd 2.0.1
xlutils 2.0.0
xlwt 1.3.0
zope.event 4.4
zope.interface 5.1.0
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.1; however, version 21.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\AutoLink\auto-venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.
(auto-venv) D:\Program Files\GitData\auto\AutoTest\robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2>
5.重新开启ride，导入ExcelLibrary，成功
备注：由于ride与python3.8也不兼容，目前安装也报错。正在处理中，等待后续。
参考文章：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44408772/article/details/103815610
https://blog.csdn.net/cfpyl/article/details/97808447
卸载excelLibrary
手动将其卸载：
1）浏览C:\Python27\ExcelRobotTest并删除ExcelRobotTest.txt和ExcelLibrary-KeywordDocumentation.html
2）浏览C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages并删除robotframework-excellibrary-0.0.2-py2.7.egg-info和文件夹robotframework-excellibrary
采用同样的办法，安装ride
下载RIDE开发版：https://github.com/robotframework/RIDE/archive/master.zip，然后解压缩； 在命令行窗口用cd命令跳转到解压缩目录运行安装；
python setup.py install
D:\PythonProject\plugins\RIDE-master>python setup.py install
C:\Python38\lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py:471: UserWarning: Normalizing 'v2.0b2.dev1' to '2.0b2.dev1'
warnings.warn(
running install
running build
running build_py
running build_scripts
running install_lib
copying build\lib\robotide\action\action.py -> C:\Python38\Lib\site-packages\robotide\action
copying build\lib\robotide\action\actioninfo.py -> C:\Python38\Lib\site-packages\robotide\action
copying build\lib\robotide\action\shortcut.py -> C:\Python38\Lib\site-packages\robotide\action
\\\
\\\
\\\
warning: manifest_maker: MANIFEST.in, line 10: 'recursive-include' expects <dir> ...
writing manifest file 'src\robotframework_ride.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
removing 'C:\Python38\Lib\site-packages\robotframework_ride-2.0b2.dev1-py3.8.egg-info' (and everything under it)
Copying src\robotframework_ride.egg-info to C:\Python38\Lib\site-packages\robotframework_ride-2.0b2.dev1-py3.8.egg-info
running install_scripts
copying build\scripts-3.8\ride.py -> C:\Python38\Scripts
copying build\scripts-3.8\ride_postinstall.py -> C:\Python38\Scripts
Creating Desktop Shortcut to RIDE...
wxPython is installed.
4.1.1 msw (phoenix) wxWidgets 3.1.5
Result True
Desktop shortcut created for all users.
4、安装过程中，选择创建桌面快捷方式，桌面出现，安装完成，打开界面。
问题：双击桌面快捷方式运行不了ride
来源：https://blog.csdn.net/u012100968/article/details/108773220
下载地址：
火狐： https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
谷歌：http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
IE： http://selenium-release.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
Edge： https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
Opera：https://github.com/operasoftware/operachromiumdriver/releases
PhantomJS：http://phantomjs.org/
驱动参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qupan1993/article/details/99945299
安装包参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45223124/article/details/105854202
引入excelLibrary
手动安装了excelLibrary后，引入excelLibrary时还报错缺少如下模块：natsort、xlrd、xlwt、xlutils
逐一采用命令：pip install xxx 进行安装，如下
(autolinkVenv) D:\PythonProject\pyEvens\autolinkVenv\Scripts>pip install natsort
Collecting natsort
Using cached natsort-7.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (35 kB)
Installing collected packages: natsort
Successfully installed natsort-7.1.1
(autolinkVenv) D:\PythonProject\pyEvens\autolinkVenv\Scripts>pip install xlrd
Collecting xlrd
Using cached xlrd-2.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (96 kB)
Installing collected packages: xlrd
Successfully installed xlrd-2.0.1
(autolinkVenv) D:\PythonProject\pyEvens\autolinkVenv\Scripts>pip install xlwt
Collecting xlwt
Using cached xlwt-1.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (99 kB)
Installing collected packages: xlwt
Successfully installed xlwt-1.3.0
(autolinkVenv) D:\PythonProject\pyEvens\autolinkVenv\Scripts>pip install xlutils
Collecting xlutils
Using cached xlutils-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (55 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: xlwt>=0.7.4 in d:\pythonproject\pyevens\autolinkvenv\lib\site-packages (from xlutils) (1.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: xlrd>=0.7.2 in d:\pythonproject\pyevens\autolinkvenv\lib\site-packages (from xlutils) (2.0.1)
Installing collected packages: xlutils
Successfully installed xlutils-2.0.0
(autolinkVenv) D:\PythonProject\pyEvens\autolinkVenv\Scripts>
引入第三方库的时候，一定要指明全路径，如：
*** Settings ***
Library Collections
Library RequestsLibrary
Library D:\\PythonProject\\pyEvens\\autolinkVenv\\Lib\\site-packages\\ExcelLibrary
*** Variables ***
${excel_path} D:\\PythonProject\\PyDatas\\鉴权接口用例.xls
且一定要用xls后缀的文档。
关键字
ExcelLibrary库常用关键字
Open Excel 打开Excel文件
Get Row Count 获取行数
Get Column Count 获取列数
Get Row Values 获取某一行的值
Get Column Values 获取某一列的值
Read Cell Data By Coordinates 通过列行编号获取值
Read Cell Data By Name 按名称读取单元格数据
如何使用excelLibrary，官方示例
*** Settings ***
Library ExcelLibrary
Library Collections
*** Variables ***
${Names}
${Num}
${Excel_File_Path} C:\\Python27\\ExcelRobotTest\\
${SheetName} Graph Data
${NewSheetName} NewSheet
*** Test Cases ***
Excel Test
Get Values and Modify Spreadsheet
Add Date To Sheet
Perform Function and Change Date
Create a New Excel
Add a New Sheet
Check New Sheet Values
*** Keywords ***
Get Values and Modify Spreadsheet
Open Excel Current Directory ExcelRobotTest.xls
${Names}= Get Sheet Names
Set Suite Variable ${Names}
${Num}= Get Number of Sheets
Set Suite Variable ${Num}
${Col}= Get Column Count TestSheet1
${Row}= Get Row Count TestSheet1
${ColVal}= Get Column Values TestSheet2 1
${RowVal}= Get Row Values TestSheet2 1
${Sheet}= Get Sheet Values DataSheet
Log ${Sheet}
${Workbook}= Get Workbook Values False
Log ${Workbook}
${ByName}= Read Cell Data By Name GraphSheet B2
${ByCoords}= Read Cell Data By Coordinates GraphSheet 1 1
Check Cell Type TestSheet1 0 1
Put Number To Cell TestSheet1 1 1 90
Put String To Cell TestSheet3 1 1 yellow
Put Date To Cell TestSheet2 1 1 1.4.1989
Put Date To Cell TestSheet2 1 2 12.10.1991
Save Excel ${Excel_File_Path}TestExcel.xls
Add Date To Sheet
Open Excel ${Excel_File_Path}TestExcel.xls
Add To Date TestSheet2 1 2 5
Check Cell Type TestSheet2 1 2
Save Excel ${Excel_File_Path}NewDateExcel.xls
Perform Function and Change Date
Open Excel ${Excel_File_Path}NewDateExcel.xls
Modify Cell With TestSheet1 1 1 * 45
Subtract From Date TestSheet2 1 1 1
Save Excel ${Excel_File_Path}FunctionExcel.xls
Create a New Excel
Create Excel Workbook NewExcelSheet
Save Excel ${Excel_File_Path}NewExcel.xls
Add a New Sheet
Open Excel ${Excel_File_Path}FunctionExcel.xls
Add New Sheet ${NewSheetName}
Save Excel ${Excel_File_Path}NewSheetExcel.xls
Check New Sheet Values
Open Excel ${Excel_File_Path}NewSheetExcel.xls
${NewNames}= Get Sheet Names
${NewNum}= Get Number of Sheets
Should Not Be Equal As Strings ${Names} ${NewNames}
Should Not Be Equal As Integers ${Num} ${NewNum}
${Sheet}= Get Sheet Values TestSheet3 False
Log ${Sheet}
${stringList}= Convert To String ${Sheet}
Should Contain ${stringList} yellow
注意事项
ExcelLibrary库使用注意事项：
使用关键字“添加新图纸”时，用户无法在当前打开的工作簿上的此关键字之前或之后执行任何功能。使用关键字“添加新工作表”时，其他关键字所做的更改将不会保存。他们必须先添加一张工作表，然后保存工作簿，然后再使用其他任何关键字。如果他们想在工作簿上使用其他任何关键字，则必须再次打开工作簿才能这样做。
我们无法使用xlsx文件，因为尚未在xlrd库中实现该文件。进一步的信息可以在这里找到，并讨论了这里。要解决此问题，用户可以保存带有xls扩展名的excel文件，这是Microsoft Excel 97-2003工作表。
after this keyword on the currently open workbook. The changes that other keywords make will not be saved when the keyword Add New Sheet is used. They must add a sheet then save the workbook before using any other keyword. If they want to use any other keywords on the workbbok they must open the workbook again to do so.
We cannot use xlsx files as this has not been implemented in the xlrd library. Further information can be found here and discussed here. To get round this issue, the user can save the excel files with the xls extension, this is a Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet.
1.只支持xls格式的Excel文档
2.Excel表格中的数值，代码读取后会显示为浮点型
如123，读取后显示为123.00，造成传参不一致
解决方案：设置单元格格式---->文本
3.读取每行或每列数据，存储到list变量中，是一个二维数组
如（A1，123）(B1,张三)
4.数组的位置编号都是从0开始的
疑难点：
1、python读取的excel文档数字带有小数点
| 办法1 | 办法2 |
|---|---|
| 数字和日期的单元格内容前加上一个英文的逗号 | 通过程序代码判断单元格内容的ctype来解决 |
办法2示例：
for i in range(rows):
if i==0:
continue
row_content = []
for j in range(cols-1):
ctype = sheet.cell(i, j).ctype # 表格的数据类型
cell = sheet.cell_value(i, j)
if ctype == 2 and cell % 1 == 0.0: # ctype为2且为浮点
cell = int(cell) # 浮点转成整型
print(cell)
官方文档
一定要查阅官方文档，比在百度google一段乱查询好
http://navinet.github.io/robotframework-excellibrary/