Arduino框架下ESP32使用固件自带的SD库的总结

Arduino框架下ESP32使用固件自带的SD库的总结

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• 代码调试还是使用VSCode PIO方便一些。可以很方便的去查看相关函数的上一层封装。

跟随SD库附带的ReadMe文件认识一下卡的类型

• SD卡与ESP32接线图(VSPI接线)

• 默认使用的是VSPI总线

SPI	MOSI	MISO	CLK	CS
VSPI	23	19	18	5

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• SPI通讯

1.GND-for the ground pins.
2.VCC-for the supply voltage.
3.MISO-for the SPI Master Input Slave Output pin.
4.MOSI-for the SPI Master Output Slave Input pin.
5.SCK-for the SPI Serial Clock pin.
6.CS-for the SPI Chip Select pin.

1. gnd -用于接地插脚。
2. vcc- 电源电压。
3. miso-用于SPI主输入从输出引脚。
4. mosi -用于SPI主输出从输入引脚。
5. sck -用于SPI串行时钟引脚。
6. cs -用于SPI芯片选择引脚。

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• esp32 Devkeit

Arduino IDE中SD卡示例位置

• 本实验所使用的模块
  

• 实例代码

/*
 * Connect the SD card to the following pins:
 *
 * SD Card | ESP32
 *    D2       -
 *    D3       SS
 *    CMD      MOSI
 *    VSS      GND
 *    VDD      3.3V
 *    CLK      SCK
 *    VSS      GND
 *    D0       MISO
 *    D1       -
 */
#include "FS.h"
#include "SD.h"
#include "SPI.h"

void listDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * dirname, uint8_t levels){
    Serial.printf("Listing directory: %s\n", dirname);

    File root = fs.open(dirname);
    if(!root){
        Serial.println("Failed to open directory");
        return;
    }
    if(!root.isDirectory()){
        Serial.println("Not a directory");
        return;
    }

    File file = root.openNextFile();
    while(file){
        if(file.isDirectory()){
            Serial.print("  DIR : ");
            Serial.println(file.name());
            if(levels){
                listDir(fs, file.path(), levels -1);
            }
        } else {
            Serial.print("  FILE: ");
            Serial.print(file.name());
            Serial.print("  SIZE: ");
            Serial.println(file.size());
        }
        file = root.openNextFile();
    }
}

void createDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Creating Dir: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.mkdir(path)){
        Serial.println("Dir created");
    } else {
        Serial.println("mkdir failed");
    }
}

void removeDir(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Removing Dir: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.rmdir(path)){
        Serial.println("Dir removed");
    } else {
        Serial.println("rmdir failed");
    }
}

void readFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Reading file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
        return;
    }

    Serial.print("Read from file: ");
    while(file.available()){
        Serial.write(file.read());
    }
    file.close();
}

void writeFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message){
    Serial.printf("Writing file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
        return;
    }
    if(file.print(message)){
        Serial.println("File written");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Write failed");
    }
    file.close();
}

void appendFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path, const char * message){
    Serial.printf("Appending to file: %s\n", path);

    File file = fs.open(path, FILE_APPEND);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for appending");
        return;
    }
    if(file.print(message)){
        Serial.println("Message appended");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Append failed");
    }
    file.close();
}

void renameFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path1, const char * path2){
    Serial.printf("Renaming file %s to %s\n", path1, path2);
    if (fs.rename(path1, path2)) {
        Serial.println("File renamed");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Rename failed");
    }
}

void deleteFile(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    Serial.printf("Deleting file: %s\n", path);
    if(fs.remove(path)){
        Serial.println("File deleted");
    } else {
        Serial.println("Delete failed");
    }
}

void testFileIO(fs::FS &fs, const char * path){
    File file = fs.open(path);
    static uint8_t buf[512];
    size_t len = 0;
    uint32_t start = millis();
    uint32_t end = start;
    if(file){
        len = file.size();
        size_t flen = len;
        start = millis();
        while(len){
            size_t toRead = len;
            if(toRead > 512){
                toRead = 512;
            }
            file.read(buf, toRead);
            len -= toRead;
        }
        end = millis() - start;
        Serial.printf("%u bytes read for %u ms\n", flen, end);
        file.close();
    } else {
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for reading");
    }


    file = fs.open(path, FILE_WRITE);
    if(!file){
        Serial.println("Failed to open file for writing");
        return;
    }

    size_t i;
    start = millis();
    for(i=0; i<2048; i++){
        file.write(buf, 512);
    }
    end = millis() - start;
    Serial.printf("%u bytes written for %u ms\n", 2048 * 512, end);
    file.close();
}

void setup(){
    Serial.begin(115200);
    if(!SD.begin()){
        Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
        return;
    }
    uint8_t cardType = SD.cardType();

    if(cardType == CARD_NONE){
        Serial.println("No SD card attached");
        return;
    }

    Serial.print("SD Card Type: ");
    if(cardType == CARD_MMC){
        Serial.println("MMC");
    } else if(cardType == CARD_SD){
        Serial.println("SDSC");
    } else if(cardType == CARD_SDHC){
        Serial.println("SDHC");
    } else {
        Serial.println("UNKNOWN");
    }

    uint64_t cardSize = SD.cardSize() / (1024 * 1024);
    Serial.printf("SD Card Size: %lluMB\n", cardSize);

    listDir(SD, "/", 0);
    createDir(SD, "/mydir");
    listDir(SD, "/", 0);
    removeDir(SD, "/mydir");
    listDir(SD, "/", 2);
    writeFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "Hello ");
    appendFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "World!\n");
    readFile(SD, "/hello.txt");
    deleteFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
    renameFile(SD, "/hello.txt", "/foo.txt");
    readFile(SD, "/foo.txt");
    testFileIO(SD, "/test.txt");
    Serial.printf("Total space: %lluMB\n", SD.totalBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
    Serial.printf("Used space: %lluMB\n", SD.usedBytes() / (1024 * 1024));
}

void loop(){

}

SD卡初始化

    if(!SD.begin()){
        Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
        return;
    }

• 自定义CS引脚

SD.begin(CSpin)

• 默认与microSD通讯时的频率为10MHz，个人测试推荐使用默认频率比较稳定，容易识别到卡。如果设置到更高频率很大几率识别不到卡。esp32除了默认的SPI1连接的外置flash最高速度可以达到80MHz，其他的两组SPI通讯速度不能设置这么高。

自定义SPI引脚

#define SCK  17  //tx2
#define MISO  19
#define MOSI  23
#define CS  5

   SPIClass spi = SPIClass(VSPI);
   spi.begin(SCK, MISO, MOSI, CS);
   if (!SD.begin(CS,spi,10000000)) {
    Serial.println("Card Mount Failed");
    return;
  }

• • 采用128MB容量的MicroSD卡很容易就读到。
    
• 2GB的内存卡测试
  

插卡注意事项

先插卡再给MicroSD卡模块供电，如果是热拔插的情况，在插上Micro SD卡后需要重新给MicroSD卡模块断电重启一下，否则无法读取到卡。这一点很重要。

• 目前发现市面上的有些MicroSD卡存在读取不到，不能被识别的情况，我在测试手上的3张MicroSD卡时，发现一张1GB容量的卡不管怎么都读不到，不知道是卡本身的原因还是ESP32就是对这类颗粒的存储芯片不兼容，内存卡是好的，通过读卡器，电脑都是可以识别到的，能正常写入和读取的卡。
• 容量范围：最大理论支持32GB，目前手上没有这个容量的卡，没法验证和测试。