JAVA GUI 编程基础

目录

1、简介

2、AWT

        2.1、 AWT介绍

        2.2、 组件和容器

        2.3、 布局管理

        2.4、 事件监听

3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

3.2、弹窗

3.3、标签

3.4、面板

3.5、按钮

3.6、列表

3.7、文本框



1、简介

GUI核心技术:Swing、AWT
为什么不用:
界面不美观
需要jre环境
为什么要学GUI:
可以写出自己想要的工具
工作的时候,也可能需要维护到swing,概率极小
了解MVC架构,了解监听器

2、AWT

2.1、AWT介绍

包含了很多类和接口!GUI:图形用户界面编程
元素:窗口、按钮、文本框
java.awt
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第1张图片


2.2 组件和容器

2.2.1 窗口Frame

import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame{
    public static void main(String[] args){
    //Frame 窗口
    Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图形界面窗口");
    //设置可见性
    frame.setVisible(true);
    //设置窗口大小
    frame.setSize(400,400);
    //设置背景颜色
    frame.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
    //弹出的初始位置
    frame.setLocation(200,200);
    //设置大小固定
    frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}
运行效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第2张图片
尝试回顾封装:
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    //展示多个窗口
    MyFrame MyFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 400, 400, Color.green);
    MyFrame MyFrame2 = new MyFrame(500, 100, 400, 400, Color.yellow);
    MyFrame MyFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 500, 400, 400, Color.pink);
    MyFrame MyFrame4 = new MyFrame(500, 500, 400, 400, Color.MAGENTA);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口,我们需要给出计数器。
    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color) {
        super("MyFrame+" + (++id));
        setVisible(true);
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x, y, w, h);
    }
}
运行效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第3张图片

2.2.2 面板Panel

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;//窗口监听器
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/*
Panel可以看出是一个空间,但是不能单独存在。
*/
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);//这里的null就是不采用Java提供的布局,自己通过坐标布局
        //设置frame坐标
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.green);
        //设置Panel的坐标,相对定位,相对于frame的
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(0x6C0C8E));//自己写个Color对象
        //frame添加面板
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //监听事件,监听窗口关闭 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式 WindowAdapter
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                super.windowClosing(e);
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
运行效果:(点叉号可以关闭了)
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第4张图片


2.3、布局管理
2.3.1 流式布局 Flowlayout
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //按键位置
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认在窗口的中间
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));//靠左
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));//靠右
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        //添加按钮
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
运行效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第5张图片
2.3.2 五点式布局 BorderLayout
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");
        frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200, 200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
运行效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第6张图片
2.3.3 表格布局 GridLayout
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2)); //参数 3行2列
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.pack();//java函数 自动布局
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                super.windowClosing(e);
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
运行效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第7张图片
综合运用:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class Homework {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总窗口
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        frame.setBounds(650, 300, 600, 500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.PINK);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //四个面板
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        //按钮
        //上面
        panel1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        panel1.add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下面
        panel3.add(new Button("East-2"), BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West-2"), BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-1"));
        panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-2"));
        panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-3"));
        panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-4"));
        panel3.add(panel4, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //放入面板
        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);
        
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第8张图片

2.4、事件监听
事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么
2.4.1 按钮监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮,触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button("点我");
        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());
        //给button添加一个事件监听器addActionListener
        //发现addActionListener需要一个参数ActionListener
        //参数ActionListener点进去看是一个接口
        //于是我们写一个类MyActionListener来实现这个接口,在这个类里面写上我们想绑定实现的事情
        frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        System.exit(0);
        }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    //写上我们想做的事件;
    //即绑定事件
    System.out.println("我是button,您已点击");
    //System.exit(0);//退出系统
    }
}
效果:(按下按钮,会有反馈)
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第9张图片
个按钮,实现同一个窗口
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        //信息设置
        button1.setActionCommand("玻璃晴朗,橘子辉煌");
        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setBounds(650,300,400,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowsClose(frame);
}
//关闭窗口
private static void windowsClose(Frame frame){
    frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        super.windowClosing(e);
        System.exit(0);
        }
        });
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
    System.out.println("按钮被点击:msg=>" + e.getActionCommand());
    //题外话
    //if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){}
    //以此判断,做下一步事件触发
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第10张图片

2.4.2 输入框TextField监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestField1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动!
        MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
        windowsClose(myFrame);
    }
    //关闭窗口
    private static void windowsClose(Frame frame) {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        super.windowClosing(e);
        System.exit(0);
        }
        });
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    public MyFrame() {
        //TextField 写单行文本
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        /*
        为什么add(textField)不用new对象啊?
        因为继承了Frame,Frame里有这个add方法可以直接调用
        之前之所以先new一个对象,因为是在别的类里用Frame的add方法,要先实例化
        */
        add(textField);
        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        //按下enter就会触发事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        //参数需要一个ActionListener,所以才写了MyActionListener类(因为需要才写的)
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');//设置为'*'
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(650,300,400,200);
        pack();//自适应
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        // e.getSource();//获得一些资源,点进去看,该函数返回一个object对象
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//向下强转
        //field.getText();获得输入框中的文本
        //field.有很多方法可以调用
        System.out.println(field.getText());
        field.setText("");//获得文本后将输入框设置为空
    }
}
效果:(文本框输入的文字会被接受到)
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第11张图片

2.4.3 鼠标监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame frame = new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    //需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前位置,需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(650, 300, 400, 400);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监听器,针对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
        /**
        * ctrl点击进去,参数是MouseListener对象
        * 再点击进去MouseListener,是一个接口继承事件监听类(单击之类的事件监听)
        * public interface MouseListener extends EventListener
        * 我们写一个MyMouseListener的类来实现MouseListener,发现继承要实现好多个方法
        * 这时我们就可以选择采用适配器模式
        * private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{}
        * 这样只需重写我们要的方法!!!
        */
        this.addWindowListener(new windowsClose());
    }
    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //鼠标 按下 弹起 按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            /**
            * e.getSource(),返回当前对象
            * 谁调用就返回谁
            */
            MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //我们点击的时候,就会在界面上产生一个点!
            //这个点就是鼠标的坐标
            Point position = myFrame.getMousePosition();
            points.add(position);
            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            myFrame.repaint();
        }
    }
        //画画,那我就重写paint方法
        @Override
        public void paint(Graphics g) {
            //画画,监听鼠标的事件 ==> 所以需要写个鼠标监听器
            //鼠标监听器针对窗口,所有写在构造器里面
            Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
                g.setColor(Color.pink);
                g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
            }
        }
        class windowsClose extends WindowAdapter {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        System.exit(0);
        }
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第12张图片
2.4.4 窗口监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import static java.lang.Thread.sleep;
public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.cyan);
        setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
    }
    //内部类
    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
        setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
        //思考,通过按钮来绑定隐藏窗口事件
        System.exit(0);
        }
    }
}
这里是内部类,这个类不建议这样写,只用一次,这里建议写成匿名内部类:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import static java.lang.Thread.sleep;
public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.cyan);
        setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.out.println("你点击了关闭,即将退出游戏!");
            System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
效果:(点击叉号关闭后有反馈)
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第13张图片       JAVA GUI 编程基础_第14张图片
2.4.5  键盘监听
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
        setBackground(Color.pink);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            //获得键盘按下的键是哪一个,当前的码
            int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
            System.out.println(e.getKeyCode());
            if (keycode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
                System.out.println("你按下了\"上键.\"");
            } else if (keycode == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
                System.out.println("按下回车,即将退出程序");
            System.exit(0);
            }
        }
    });
    }
}
效果:会显示按下的键的ASCII码,按回车停止
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第15张图片   JAVA GUI 编程基础_第16张图片


3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
    //init():初始化
    //越来越接近实际开发
    public void init() {
    //JFrame是一个顶级窗口,窗口也是容器
    JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
    //jFrame.setBackground(Color.pink);
    /**
    * 上面的frame.setBackground(Color.pink);无效
    * JFrame这样的框架,一旦创建,在其中就已经包含一个内容面板,一般我们在往JFrame中添加组件时,
    * 都加在了内容面板中,这个面板可以通过JFrame的成员方法getContentPane()取出来,
    * 所以如果设置JFrame的背景颜色,仍然会被内容面板盖住,不如设置内容面板的背景颜色
    *
    * 这里我们设置背景颜色呢
    * 我可以实例化容器
    * Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
    * 在容器里设置背景颜色
    */
    jFrame.setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
    jFrame.setVisible(true);
    //设置文字JLable
    JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("这是JLabel");
    //jFrame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
    jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//设置水平居中
    jFrame.add(jLabel);
    //获得容器
    Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
    contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);
    //关闭事件
    /**
    * 人家继承Frame,已经实现许多监听事件,再自己写就很low
    * setDefaultCloseOperation默认的关闭事件
    * 参数是WindowConstants常量
    */
    jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    //接下来才去主函数生成窗口
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第17张图片

3.2、弹窗

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame 放东西,容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        button.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
        //点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialog("创建弹窗啦");
                }
            });
            contentPane.add(button);
            }
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            new DialogDemo();
        }
    }
    //弹窗的窗口
    class MyDialog extends JDialog {
        public MyDialog(String title) {
            this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
            this.setVisible(true);
            //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);多余,默认就可以关掉
            Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
            contentPane.setLayout(null);
            contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);
            JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("这是一个弹窗呀!");
            jLabel.setBounds(100, 200, 200, 50);
            jLabel.setFont(new Font("", 0, 30));
            contentPane.add(jLabel);
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第18张图片

3.3、标签

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标,需要实现类,继承Frame
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;
    public IconDemo() {
    }//无参构造函数
    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void init() {
    IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
    //图标放在标签上,也可以放在按钮上
    JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("label放了图标", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
    Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
    contentPane.add(jLabel);
    this.setVisible(true);
    this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        iconDemo.init();
    }
    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
    }
    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return width;
    }
    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return height;
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第19张图片
怎么将图片做成标签呢?
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        //获取图片的地址
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("01.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第20张图片

3.4、面板

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//后面的两个参数代表间距
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        panel1.add(new Button("button1"));
        panel1.add(new Button("button2"));
        panel1.add(new Button("button3"));
        container.add(panel1);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第21张图片
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("这是一个文本域");
        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        //scrollPane.add(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(600, 300, 300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第22张图片

3.5、按钮

按钮添加图标:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("02.png");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);//set…什么,这里设置图标咯
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");//设置提示按钮
        //add
        container.add(button);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JButtonDemo01 jButtonDemo01 = new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第23张图片
单选按钮:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL url01 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("02.png");
        URL url02 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("02.png");
        URL url03 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("02.png");
        Icon icon01 = new ImageIcon(url01);
        Icon icon02 = new ImageIcon(url02);
        Icon icon03 = new ImageIcon(url03);
        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
        jRadioButton01.setIcon(icon01);
        jRadioButton02.setIcon(icon02);
        jRadioButton03.setIcon(icon03);
        //由于单选框只能选择一个,所以给他们分个组。一个组中只能选择一个。
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(jRadioButton01);
        group.add(jRadioButton02);
        group.add(jRadioButton03);
        container.add(jRadioButton01, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(jRadioButton02, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jRadioButton03, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        //this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setBounds(700, 300, 600, 600);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第24张图片
复选框按钮:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成图标
        URL url01 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("02.png");
        URL url02 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("02.png");
        URL url03 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("02.png");
        Icon icon01 = new ImageIcon(url01);
        Icon icon02 = new ImageIcon(url02);
        Icon icon03 = new ImageIcon(url03);
        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
        JCheckBox checkBox03 = new JCheckBox("checkBox03");
        //
        // checkBox01.setIcon(icon01);
        // checkBox02.setIcon(icon02);
        // checkBox03.setIcon(icon03);
        container.add(checkBox01, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(checkBox02, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(checkBox03, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        this.setVisible(true);
        //this.setSize(500, 500);
        this.setBounds(700, 300, 600, 600);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第25张图片

3.6、列表

下拉框:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();
        comboBox.addItem(null);
        comboBox.addItem("aaa");
        comboBox.addItem("bbb");
        comboBox.addItem("ccc");
        comboBox.addItem("ddd");
        container.add(comboBox);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(700, 300, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}
效果:(点击右边箭头出现下拉框)
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第26张图片
列表框:
应用场景:
  • 选择地区,或者一些单个选项
  • 列表,展示信息,一般是动态扩容
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contens = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"};
        Vector vector = new Vector();
        vector.add("列表1");
        vector.add("列表2");
        vector.add("列表3");
        qvector.add("列表4");
        vector.add("列表5");
        vector.add("列表6");
        vector.add("列表7");
        //列表中需要放入内容
        //JList jList = new JList(contens);
        JList jList = new JList(vector);
        container.add(jList);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(700, 300, 500, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

3.7、文本框

文本框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("Hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("World", 20);
        contentPane.add(jTextField1, BorderLayout.EAST);
        contentPane.add(jTextField2, BorderLayout.WEST);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
public static void main(String[] args) {
    new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第27张图片

密码框

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo03() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();//默认就是*****
        //手动设置为###########
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('#');
        contentPane.add(jPasswordField);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo03();
    }
}

效果:

JAVA GUI 编程基础_第28张图片

文本域

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("这是一个文本域");
        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        //scrollPane.add(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(600, 300, 300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}
效果:
JAVA GUI 编程基础_第29张图片

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