计算机网络学习笔记(1)——ifconfig详解
ifconfig详解
-
- lo
- gif——software network interface 网络接口
- en0——以太网的相关配置
- p2p0——Point-to-Point 协议
- awdl0——airdrop peer to peer(一种mesh network)，apple airdrop设备特有
- en1 en2
许多windows用户熟悉ipconfig命令行工具，它被用来获取网络接口配置信息并对此进行修改。当然，Mac的Linux系统依然是拥有一个类似的工具，也就是ifconfig(interfaces config)。ifconfig是linux中用于显示或配置网络设备（网络接口卡）的命令，ifconfig可设置网络设备的状态，或是显示当前的设置。
lo
lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 16384
options=1203<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,TXSTATUS,SW_TIMESTAMP>
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>
- LOOPBACK: 本机主机地址
- flags=8049: 网络设备状态标识
- UP:网卡处于启动状态
- LOOPBACK:IP数据包回送到本机上,通常用于测试网络配置和本地程序之间通信用
- RUNNING:代表网卡的网线被接上
- MULTICAS:网卡可以发送多播包
- mtu:最大传输单元
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 —— ipv4地址 127.0.0.1 子网掩码 255.0.0.0
inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1 —— ipv6地址
gif——software network interface 网络接口
gif0: flags=8010<POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST> mtu 1280
- POINTOPOINT: 允许2台机器点对点直连
- MULTICAS:网卡可以发送多播包
- mtu:最大传输单元
en0——以太网的相关配置
en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
options=400<CHANNEL_IO>
ether 08:f8:bc:6b:fe:01
inet6 fe80::1887:5fad:3b4a:307b%en0 prefixlen 64 secured scopeid 0x9
inet 10.160.223.76 netmask 0xfffe0000 broadcast 10.161.255.255
nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>
media: autoselect
status: active
- flags=8863:网络状态标识
- BROADCAST:有广播地址，支持发广播包
- SMART:
- RUNNING:代表网卡的网线被接上
- MULTICAS:网卡可以发送多播包
- mtu: 最大传输单元
inet 10.160.223.76 netmask 0xfffe0000 broadcast 10.161.255.255—— ipv4地址 10.160.223.76 子网掩码 广播地址
inet6 fe80::1887:5fad:3b4a:307b%en0 prefixlen 64 secured scopeid 0x9—— ipv6地址
media: autoselect—— 网络媒介类型 (可手动指定)
status: active—— 激活状态
p2p0——Point-to-Point 协议
p2p0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 2304
options=400<CHANNEL_IO>
ether 0a:f8:bc:6b:fe:01
media: autoselect
status: inactive
media: autoselect —— 网络媒介类型
status: inactive —— 激活状态
awdl0——airdrop peer to peer(一种mesh network)，apple airdrop设备特有
flags=8943<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1484
options=400<CHANNEL_IO>
ether a2:ba:bb:97:aa:47
inet6 fe80::a0ba:bbff:fe97:aa47%awdl0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xf
nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>
media: autoselect
status: active
media: autoselect —— 网络媒介类型
status: active—— 激活状态
en1 en2
en1: flags=8963<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
options=460<TSO4,TSO6,CHANNEL_IO>
ether 82:0c:e1:03:bc:01
media: autoselect <full-duplex>
status: inactive
en2: flags=8963<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
options=460<TSO4,TSO6,CHANNEL_IO>
ether 82:0c:e1:03:bc:00
media: autoselect <full-duplex>
status: inactive
为什么这么多en接口呢 ？运行命令行networksetup -listallhardwareports 可以查看具体接口是做什么
Hardware Port: USB 10/100/1000 LAN
Device: en5
Ethernet Address: 00:e0:4c:68:3c:f1
Hardware Port: Wi-Fi
Device: en0
Ethernet Address: 08:f8:bc:6b:fe:01
Hardware Port: Bluetooth PAN
Device: en4
Ethernet Address: e0:b5:5f:f0:c5:dc
Hardware Port: Thunderbolt 1
Device: en1
Ethernet Address: 82:0c:e1:03:bc:01
Hardware Port: Thunderbolt 2
Device: en2
Ethernet Address: 82:0c:e1:03:bc:00
Hardware Port: Thunderbolt Bridge
Device: bridge0
Ethernet Address: 82:0c:e1:03:bc:01
最后发现Wi-Fi，蓝牙和雷电口等接口。