python selenium 下拉框选择_【selenium】基于python语言，如何用select选择下拉框
在项目测试中遇到了下拉框选择的控件，来总结下如何使用select选择下拉框：
下图是Select类的初始化描述，意思是，给定元素是得是select类型，不是就抛异常。接下来给了例子：要操作这个select，先要定位到，然后再通过select_by_index 选择下拉框
def __init__(self, webelement):
"""
Constructor. A check is made that the given element is, indeed, a SELECT tag. If it is not,
then an UnexpectedTagNameException is thrown.
:Args:
- webelement - element SELECT element to wrap
Example:
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select \n
Select(driver.find_element_by_tag_name("select")).select_by_index(2)
"""
if webelement.tag_name.lower() != "select":
raise UnexpectedTagNameException(
"Select only works on elements, not on " %
webelement.tag_name)
self._el = webelement
multi = self._el.get_attribute("multiple")
self.is_multiple = multi and multi != "false"
1、select_by_value:
看下代码：
def select_by_value(self, value):
"""Select all options that have a value matching the argument. That is, when given "foo" this
would select an option like:
Bar
:Args:
- value - The value to match against
throws NoSuchElementException If there is no option with specisied value in SELECT
"""
css = "option[value =%s]" % self._escapeString(value)
opts = self._el.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, css)
matched = False
for opt in opts:
self._setSelected(opt)
if not self.is_multiple:
return
matched = True
if not matched:
raise NoSuchElementException("Cannot locate option with value: %s" % value)
就是说使用这个方法，下拉框属性需要有value，如果选项中不具有指定值的项，就抛异常。例如：
2、select_by_index
看下代码：
1 defselect_by_index(self, index):2 """Select the option at the given index. This is done by examing the "index" attribute of an3 element, and not merely by counting.4
5 :Args:6 - index - The option at this index will be selected7
8 throws NoSuchElementException If there is no option with specisied index in SELECT9 """
10 match =str(index)11 for opt inself.options:12 if opt.get_attribute("index") ==match:13 self._setSelected(opt)14 return
15 raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with index %d" % index)
这个是通过元素的“index”属性来完成
3、select_by_visible_text
看下代码：
1 defselect_by_visible_text(self, text):2 """Select all options that display text matching the argument. That is, when given "Bar" this3 would select an option like:4
5 Bar6
7 :Args:8 - text - The visible text to match against9
10 throws NoSuchElementException If there is no option with specisied text in SELECT11 """
12 xpath = ".//option[normalize-space(.) = %s]" %self._escapeString(text)13 opts =self._el.find_elements(By.XPATH, xpath)14 matched =False15 for opt inopts:16 self._setSelected(opt)17 if notself.is_multiple:18 return
19 matched =True20
21 if len(opts) == 0 and " " intext:22 subStringWithoutSpace =self._get_longest_token(text)23 if subStringWithoutSpace == "":24 candidates =self.options25 else:26 xpath = ".//option[contains(.,%s)]" %self._escapeString(subStringWithoutSpace)27 candidates =self._el.find_elements(By.XPATH, xpath)28 for candidate incandidates:29 if text ==candidate.text:30 self._setSelected(candidate)31 if notself.is_multiple:32 return
33 matched =True34
35 if notmatched:36 raise NoSuchElementException("Could not locate element with visible text: %s" % text)
通过选择文本来匹配，然后给出了例子。看下我的例子：
我的代码：
1 stafftype_loc = (By.XPATH, "//select[@ng-model='Invite.type']")2
3 find_element(*self.stafftype_loc).send_keys(stftype)