离线安装Postgres、时序库(timescaledb)

1、准备

Postgres下载 10.19
CMake下载 3.16.2
TimescaleDB下载 1.4.0

相关RPM包下载 openssl-devel gcc-c++

yum install yum-plugin-downloadonly
yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/home/dependency/ openssl-devel
yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/home/dependency/ gcc-c++

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2、手动安装

将上述文件都拷贝到目标服务器
首先到RMP目录下安装相关依赖

rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps *.rpm

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创建软件安装目录

mkdir -pv /opt/software

postgres安装包解压

tar zxvf postgresql-10.19-1-linux-x64-binaries.tar.gz -C /opt/software/

创建数据目录并授权

#进入postgres安装目录
pushd  /opt/software/pgsql/
mkdir pgsql_data
useradd postgres
echo "password" | passwd postgres --stdin > /dev/null 2>&1
chown postgres /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/

添加环境变量

echo 'export PATH=/opt/software/pgsql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile;
echo 'export PGDATA=/opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data'>>/etc/profile;
#生效环境变量
source /etc/profile
#退回安装包目录
popd

解压cmake

tar -zxvf cmake-3.16.2.tar.gz -C /opt/software/pgsql/

编译cmake

pushd /opt/software/pgsql/cmake-3.16.2
./bootstrap
gmake
make install
popd

解压timescaledb

tar -zxvf timescaledb.tar.gz -C /opt/software/pgsql

编译timescaledb

pushd /opt/software/pgsql/timescaledb
./bootstrap
cd build && make
make install
popd

修改密码、初始化postgres

su - postgres
/opt/software/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data
/opt/software/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/ start
cd /opt/software/pgsql/bin
./psql
ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'your passd';
\q
/opt/software/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl stop
#退出用户
exit;

修改postgresql.conf配置文件，找到data_directory和shared_preload_libraries，放开注释，分别填入填入上面创建的数据目录和timescaledb安装目录名(不用绝对路径)

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编写开机自启动脚本

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service

[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL 10.11 database server
Documentation=https://www.postgresql.org/docs/10/index.html
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

User=postgres
Group=postgres

# Location of database directory
Environment=PGDATA=/opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000

ExecStart=/opt/software/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -w -t 300
ExecStop=/opt/software/pgsql/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast
ExecReload=/opt/software/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s

TimeoutSec=0

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改脚本权限，并加入开机自启动

chmod 754 /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service
systemctl enable postgresql.service
systemctl start postgresql.service

查看服务是否启动成功

systemctl status postgresql.service

3、脚本自动安装

shell脚本（基于准备的包）

#!/bin/bash

#使用root用户操作
if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]; then 
echo "You need to be 'root' dude." 1>&2 
exit 1
fi

echo "=================================================="
echo "           welcome to the postgres installer           "
echo "                                                  "

path=`pwd`  
#判断字符串是否相等
if [ "$path" = "/" ];then
    path=''
fi  
#安装包目录
pkgDir="$pwd/pkg"
#依赖目录
depenDir="$pkgDir/dependency"

#安装postgres数据库
function postgresFun()
{
    #离线安装依赖包
    rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps $dependencyDir/*.rpm

    #检测linux是否安装postgreSql
    PGSQL_VERSION=`psql --version 2>&1`
    resultPGsqlInfo=$(echo $PGSQL_VERSION | grep "${ErrorInfo}")
    if [[ "$resultPGsqlInfo" != "" ]]
    then
        echo "#######安装postgreSql数据库#######"
        #解压缩
        tar -zxvf $pkgDir/postgresql-10.19-1-linux-x64-binaries.tar.gz -C /opt/software/
        cd /opt/software/pgsql
        #创建数据目录并授权
        mkdir -pv pgsql_data
        useradd postgres
        echo "your passd" | passwd postgres --stdin > /dev/null 2>&1
        chown postgres /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/
        #切换用户初始化数据库
        echo "#######正在初始化postgreSql#######"
        #添加环境变量
        echo 'export PATH=/opt/software/pgsql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile;
        echo 'export PGDATA=/opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data'>>/etc/profile;
        #生效环境变量
        source /etc/profile
        
        #判断cmake是否安装
        MAKE_VERSION=`cmake --version 2>&1`
        resultMAKEInfo=$(echo $MAKE_VERSION | grep "${ErrorInfo}")
        if [[ "$resultMAKEInfo" != "" ]]
        then
            echo "######正在初始化CMAKE#######"
            tar -zxvf $pkgDir/cmake-3.16.2.tar.gz -C /opt/software/pgsql/
            cd cmake-3.16.2
            ./bootstrap
            gmake
            make install
        fi
        #安装时序数据库
        tar -zxvf $pkgDir/timescaledb.tar.gz -C /opt/software/pgsql
        cd /opt/software/pgsql/timescaledb
        ./bootstrap
        cd build && make
        make install
        
        #设置开机自启动（自启动脚本参考手动安装）
        \cp -rf "$docDir/psql/postgresql.service" /usr/lib/systemd/system/
        chmod 754 /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service
        systemctl enable postgresql.service
        #修改密码
su - postgres <> /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/postgresql.conf
echo "shared_preload_libraries = 'timescaledb' " >> /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/postgresql.conf
/opt/software/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /opt/software/pgsql/pgsql_data/ start
cd /opt/software/pgsql/bin
./psql <

修改pg_hba.conf(仅可使用SSH连接数据库)

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     trust
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
host    all             all                0.0.0.0/0        password
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 trust
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local   replication     all                                     trust
host    replication     all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
host    replication     all             ::1/128                 trust