Java Map的三种遍历方法

Map是java中的接口,Map.Entry是Map的一个内部接口。

         Map提供了一些常用方法,如keySet()、entrySet()等方法,keySet()方法返回值是Map中key值的集合;entrySet()的返回值也是返回一个Set集合,此集合的类型为Map.Entry。

         Map.Entry是Map声明的一个内部接口,此接口为泛型,定义为Entry<K,V>。它表示Map中的一个实体(一个key-value对)。接口中有getKey(),getValue方法。

代码如下:
 import java.util.Collection;

 import java.util.HashMap;

 import java.util.Iterator;

  import java.util.Map;

 import java.util.Set;

 import java.util.TreeMap;



 public class TestMap {

     public static void main(String[] args) {

         Map<String, Student> map = new HashMap<String, Student>();

         Student s1 = new Student("宋江", "1001", 38);

         Student s2 = new Student("卢俊义", "1002", 35);

         Student s3 = new Student("吴用", "1003", 34);

 

         map.put("1001", s1);

         map.put("1002", s2);

         map.put("1003", s3);

         Map<String, Student> subMap = new HashMap<String, Student>();

         subMap.put("1008", new Student("tom", "1008", 12));

        subMap.put("1009", new Student("jerry", "1009", 10));

         map.putAll(subMap);

         work(map);

        workByKeySet(map);

         workByEntry(map);

     }

 //最常规的一种遍历方法,最常规就是最常用的,虽然不复杂,但很重要,这是我们最熟悉的,就不多说了!!

     public static void work(Map<String, Student> map) {

         Collection<Student> c = map.values();

         Iterator it = c.iterator();

         for (; it.hasNext();) {

             System.out.println(it.next());

         }

     }

 //利用keyset进行遍历,它的优点在于可以根据你所想要的key值得到你想要的 values,更具灵活性!!

     public static void workByKeySet(Map<String, Student> map) {

        Set<String> key = map.keySet();

       for (Iterator it = key.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {

            String s = (String) it.next();

             System.out.println(map.get(s));

        }

     }

   //比较复杂的一种遍历在这里,灵活性太强

     public static void workByEntry(Map<String, Student> map) {

         Set<Map.Entry<String, Student>> set = map.entrySet();

         for (Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Student>> it = set.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {

             Map.Entry<String, Student> entry = (Map.Entry<String, Student>) it.next();

             System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--->" + entry.getValue());

         }

     }

 }

 class Student {

     private String name;

     private String id;

     private int age;

     public Student(String name, String id, int age) {

         this.name = name;

         this.id = id;

         this.age = age;

     }

    @Override

     public String toString() {

         return "Student{" + "name=" + name + "id=" + id + "age=" + age + '}';

     }

 }

 

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