字频统计
字频统计.png
如果碰见了这类题目, 妥妥的字频统计.一种是直接百度找相关的字频统计网站, 一种是自己动手写脚本练练自己的编程能力.
此处有一大串英文, 统计每个词出现的频率.
hello python, i am a baby, i want to a hacker.
一般的脚本写法:
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding=utf8 -*-
"""
# @Author : pig
# @CreatedTime:2020-02-27 16:51:52
# @Description :
"""
my_str = "hello python, i am a baby, i want to be a hacker."
def str_count(strs):
'''利用字典中的get方法, 如果存在加1, 如果字母不存在返回0'''
str_dict = {}
for i in strs:
str_dict[i] = str_dict.get(i,0) + 1
return str_dict
count = str_count(my_str)
print (count)
结果:
{'a': 6, 'b': 3, 'w': 1, 'i': 2, 'p': 1, 't': 3, 'h': 3, 'c': 1, '.': 1, 'n': 2, 'y': 2, 'o': 3, 'e': 3, 'k': 1, ',': 2, 'l': 2, 'm': 1, 'r': 1, ' ': 11}
利用collection模块简化代码
使用collection中的counter计数方法
from collections import Counter
my_str = "hello python, i am a baby, i want to be a hacker"
print (Counter(my_str))
Counter({' ': 11, 'a': 6, 'h': 3, 'o': 3, 'b': 3, 't': 3, 'e': 3, 'n': 2, 'l': 2, ',': 2, 'i': 2, 'y': 2, 'c': 1, 'm': 1, 'k': 1, 'r': 1, 'w': 1, 'p': 1})
实例
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from collections import Counter
with open("字符统计2.txt") as f:
text_list = f.readlines()
'''将读取的内容转换为字符串'''
text_str = ''.join(text_list)
count = Counter(text_str)
print (count)
Counter({',': 21, 'v': 19, 'F': 18, 'z': 18, '|': 18, 'K': 17, '1': 17, 'J': 16, 'N': 16, 'S': 16, 'r': 16, ';': 16, '.': 16, '/': 15, ']': 15, '2': 15, '^': 15, '`': 15, 'q': 14, 'I': 14, '~': 14, '&': 14, '4': 14, '*': 13, '?': 13, 'Z': 13, 'k': 13, '!': 12, 'G': 12, 'd': 12, 'A': 12, '8': 12, 'f': 12, 'M': 12, 'n': 12, 'c': 12, '=': 12, '#': 12, '+': 11, 'V': 11, '%': 11, 'y': 11, 'L': 11, '-': 11, 'P': 11, '@': 11, 'w': 11, 'i': 11, ' ': 11, '9': 11, 'D': 11, 'U': 11, 'O': 11, '7': 11, 'h': 11, '$': 11, 'Y': 11, 'm': 11, 'H': 11, 'C': 10, '3': 10, '{': 9, 'j': 9, 'b': 9, 'R': 9, 'x': 9, ':': 9, 't': 9, 'o': 9, 'B': 9, '5': 9, '(': 9, 'g': 9, 's': 8, 'e': 8, 'E': 8, 'T': 8, '}': 7, '[': 7, 'p': 7, 'Q': 7, 'u': 7, ')': 7, 'X': 7, 'l': 6, '6': 6, 'W': 6, '_': 5, 'a': 4, '0': 4})
这下多少个w都有了.
得到的参数通过ｐｏｓｔ提交得到ｆｌａｇ
from collections import Counter
with open("字符统计2.txt") as f:
text_list = f.readlines()
'''将读取的内容转换为字符串'''
text_str = ''.join(text_list)
count = Counter(text_str)
value = '%d'%count['w'] + '%d'%count['o'] + '%d'%count['l'] + '%d'%count['d'] +
'%d'%count['y']
print ('要提交的参数为', value)
要提交的参数为 11961211
可以使用most_common(10) 来提取最高的前10字符(在这里没有这个必要)
counter
collections是一个容器模块, 来提供python标准内建容器dict, list, set, tuple的替代选择, 也就是说collections是python内建容器的补充.
counter是字典的子类, 用于计算可哈希对象, 计数元素想字典键一样存储. 可以使用字典的所有方法
创建counter对象
from collection import Counter
c = Counter()
c = Counter("adfasfsfa") # 用迭代对象创建一个counter对象
c = Counter({'red':4, "blue":2})
c = Counter(cats=4, dogs=8)
迭代对象计数
from collections import Counter
c = Counter("llll")
print (c)
根据键引用值
from collections import Counter
c = Counter('aaaaaa')
c['a']
如果不存在该键, 则返回0
删除其中一个键值对
from collections import Counter
c = Counter('baaaa')
del c['a']
print (c)
用映射来创建一个Ｃｏｕｎｔｅｒ， 并返回迭代器
from collections import Counter
c = Counter({'red':3, 'blue': 1, 'black':2})
list(c.elements())
# 输出：['red', 'red', 'red', 'blue', 'black', 'black']
查看出现频率最高的前ｎ元素
from collections import Counter
c = Counter('adafdgadksjdh')
c.most_common(3)
两个Counter相减
from collections import Counter
c = Counter(a=4, b=2, c=0)
d = Counter(a=1, b=2, c=3)
c.subtract(d)
c
转换成字典
from collections import Counter
c = Counter('dafasfsa')
dict(c)
添加迭代对象
c.update("aaaa")
Counter 是字典的一个子类，继承了字典的所有方法．