C++ 二叉搜索树练习

目录

1.二叉树的最近公共祖先

2.二叉搜索树与双向链表

 3.从前序与中序遍历序列构造二叉树

 4.非递归实现二叉树的前序遍历

 5.非递归实现二叉树的中序遍历

6.非递归实现二叉树的后序遍历

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1.二叉树的最近公共祖先

略

2.二叉搜索树与双向链表

二叉搜索树与双向链表_牛客题霸_牛客网

按照中序的方式遍历，左指针的链接方式如图

class Solution {
public:
    void InOrderConvert(TreeNode* cur,TreeNode*& prev)
    {
        if(cur == nullptr)
            return;
        InOrderConvert(cur->left,prev);
        cur->left = prev;
        if(prev)
            prev->right = cur;
        
        prev = cur;
        
        InOrderConvert(cur->right,prev);
    }
    TreeNode* Convert(TreeNode* pRootOfTree) {
        if(pRootOfTree == nullptr)
            return nullptr;
        
        TreeNode* prev = nullptr;
        InOrderConvert(pRootOfTree,prev);
        
        TreeNode* head = pRootOfTree;
        while(head->left)
            head = head->left;
        
        return head;
        
    }
};

函数递归展开图如下 

 3.从前序与中序遍历序列构造二叉树

力扣

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* _buildTree(vector& preorder, vector& inorder,int& prei,int inBegin,int inEnd) 
    {
        if(inBegin>inEnd)
          return nullptr;
        
        TreeNode* root = new TreeNode(preorder[prei]);
        ++prei;

        size_t rooti = inBegin;
        while(rooti<=inEnd)
        {
            if(root->val == inorder[rooti])
              break;
            else
              ++rooti;
        }

        root->left = _buildTree(preorder,inorder,prei,inBegin,rooti-1);
        root->right = _buildTree(preorder,inorder,prei,rooti+1,inEnd);

        return root;
    }

    TreeNode* buildTree(vector&preorder,vector&inorder)
    {
        int prei = 0,inBegin = 0,inEnd = inorder.size()-1;
        return _buildTree(preorder,inorder,prei,inBegin,inEnd);
    }
};

递归展开图如下 

 4.非递归实现二叉树的前序遍历

力扣

class Solution {
public:
    vector preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector v;
        stack st;
        TreeNode* cur = root;
        while(cur||!st.empty())
        {
            while(cur)
            {
                v.push_back(cur->val);
                st.push(cur);
                cur = cur->left;
            }
        TreeNode* top = st.top();
        st.pop();

        cur = top->right;
           
        }
        return v;
    }
};

 5.非递归实现二叉树的中序遍历

力扣

class Solution {
public:
    vector inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector v;
        stackst;
        TreeNode* cur = root;
        while(cur || !st.empty())
        {
            while(cur)
            {
                st.push(cur);
                cur = cur->left;
            }

            TreeNode* top = st.top();
            st.pop();

            v.push_back(top->val);

            cur = top->right;
        }
    return v;
    }
};

6.非递归实现二叉树的后序遍历

力扣

class Solution {
public:
    vector postorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector v;
        stack st;
        TreeNode*prev = nullptr;
        TreeNode* cur = root;
        while(cur || !st.empty())
        {
            while(cur)
            {
                st.push(cur);
                cur = cur->left;
            }

            TreeNode* top = st.top();

            if(top->right == nullptr || top->right == prev)
            {
                v.push_back(top->val);
                st.pop();

                prev = top;
            }
            else
            {
                cur = top->right;
            }
        }
        return v;
    } 
};