Django视图

步骤1:新建一个应用

python manage.py startapp + 应用名

步骤2:启动服务器(可选)

python manage.py runserver

步骤3:在项目的urls.py文件里面添加包含文件

url(r'^second/',include('second.urls'))

注意:

second后面的的反斜杠千万不要漏掉

步骤4:配置应用url

打开urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url

from second import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^index/', views.index),

    url(r'^(\d+)/', views.detail),

]

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):

    return HttpResponse('hello world')

def detail(request, num):

    return HttpResponse(num)

步骤5:在浏览器输入网址

http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/index

步骤6:在views.py里面添加

def detail_two(request, num1, num2, num3):

    return HttpResponse('%s-%s-%s' % (num1, num2, num3))

步骤7:在urls.py里面添加

# 把之前url注释了

# url(r'^index', views.index),

# url(r'^(\d+)/', views.detail),

url(r'^(\d+)/(\d+)/(\d+)$', views.detail_two),

步骤8:在urls.py里面添加

把其他url注释

url(r'^(?P\d+)/(?P\d+)/(?P\d+)$', views.detail_two),

定义视图

1.在项目settings里面,把debug改为Ture

DEBUG=False

2.在项目settings里面,把ALLOWED_HOSTS改为任何人可以访问

ALLOWED_HOSTS=['*']

3.在项目的templates目录下面添加404.html







    

    Title





傻了吧,找不到页面

  • HttpReqeust对象

1.在应用的urls.py里面设置重新配置一下url

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^index', views.index),

]

2.修改应用views.py的视图函数

def index(request):

    # request返回请求页面的完整路径

    return HttpResponse(request.path)

3.将应用跑起来,然后再浏览器输入如下路径,注意:此时页面显示的为路径

http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/index
  • GET属性

1.在应用templates里面创建一个目录,目录名为booktest,添加3个html页面,分别为getTest1.html,getTest2.html,getTest3.html

2.在应用的views.py里面的增加3个视图函数

展示接收的页面

def getTest1(request):

return render(request,'booktest/getTest1.html')

接收一键一值的情况

def getTest2(request):

return render(request,'booktest/getTest2.html')

接收一键多值的情况

def getTest3(request):

return render(request,'booktest/getTest3.html')

3.在应用的urls.py里面添加

url(r'^index', views.index),

url(r'^getTest1/$',views.getTest1),

url(r'^getTest2/$',views.getTest2),

url(r'^getTest3/$',views.getTest3),

4.在getTest1.html



Title

一键一值:test2


一键多值:test3

5.在views.py

展示接收的页面

def getTest1(request):

return render(request, 'booktest/getTest1.html')

接收一键一值的情况

def getTest2(request):

# request.GET['a']等价于request.GET.get('a')

# 根据键接收值

a1 = request.GET.get('a')

b1 = request.GET.get('b')

c1 = request.GET.get('c')

# 构造上下文

context = {'a': a1, 'b': b1, 'c': c1}

# 调用模板进行渲染

return render(request, 'booktest/getTest2.html', context)

接收一键多值的情况

def getTest3(request):

return render(request, 'booktest/getTest3.html')

6.在getTest2.html



Title

a:{{ a }}


b: {{ b }}


c:{{ c }}


7.接收一键多值,在views.py模块里面

在浏览器输入 http://127.0.0.1:8000/second/getTest3/?a=12&a=2&a=3 (其中a对应多个值)

def getTest3(request):

a1 = request.GET.getlist('a')

context={'a':a1}

return render(request, 'booktest/getTest3.html',context)

8.在getTest3.html里面



页面3

a:{% for item in a %}

{{ item }}

{% endfor %}

POST请求

1.设计2个视图

def postTest1(request):

return render(request, 'booktest/postTest1.html')

def postTest2(request):

return render(request, 'booktest/postTest2.html')

2.配置url(urls.py)

urlpatterns = [

url(r'^index/', views.index),

# url(r'^(\d+)/',views.detail)

url(r'(?P\d+)/(?P\d+)/(?P\d+)', views.detail2),

url(r'^getTest1/$',views.getTest1),

url(r'^getTest2/$',views.getTest2),

url(r'^getTest3/$',views.getTest3),

url(r'^postTest1/$',views.postTest1),

url(r'^postTest2/$',views.postTest2),

]

3.添加html模板

postTest1.html



POST2

{# action 为要请求的url#}

用户名:


密码:
性别:

postTest2.html



POST2

{# action 为要请求的url#}

用户名:{{ uname }}


密码:{{ upwd }}


性别:{{ ugender }}

4.注释csrf,在项目的settings里面

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (

'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

'[django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware](http://django.middleware.common.commonmiddleware/)',

#'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',

'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

)

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