ElastaticSearch的入门使用
1.es的概念
–es是一个基于luence的全文检索框架
–特点是操作简单、不需要繁琐的配置，支持分布式、集群，可以以JSON格式来操作，可以以restful风格来操作。
–和es类似的框架还有solr,solr是一个重量级框架，功能比es丰富一些，但是实时搜索上面比es弱一些。
2.es的安装
–es的安装，在官网下载解压即可：https://www.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch ，运行bin目录中的elastaticsearch.bat文件，访问路径：http://localhost:9200/ 如果有结果说明启动成功。
–es的操作软件kibana的安装，官网下载：https://www.elastic.co/downloads/kibana ，运行bin目录中的kibana.bat文件，访问路径：http://localhost:5601 。
3.es的使用
–完成基本的CRUD
通过restfull的风格，面向资源的 结合http动词操作(GET PUT POST DELETE)
新增方法：
POST _index/_type/_id
{
field:value
}
PUT _index/_type/_id
{
field:value
}
局部修改方法：
POST _index/_type/_id/_update
{
"doc":{
field:value
}
}
删除操作:
DELETE _index/_type/_id
查询操作：
GET _search
GET _index/_type/_id
#只查询source下面的数据 指定的列
GET _index/_type/_id?_source=name,age,size
GET _index/_type/_id/_source
–批量操作
批量插入：
POST _bulk
{ "delete":{ "_index": "box", "_type": "smile", "_id": "1" }}
{ "create":{ "_index": "box", "_type": "smile", "_id": "1" }}
{ "title": "微笑" }
{ "index": { "_index": "box", "_type": "smile","_id": "2" }}
{ "title": "嘲笑" }
批量获取：
方式一：
GET _mget
{
"docs":[{
"_index":"box",
"_type":"smile",
"_id":"1"
},{
"_index":"box",
"_type":"smile",
"_id":"2",
"_source":"title"
}]
}
方式二：
GET box/smile/_mget
{
"ids":["1","2"]
}
–分页查询
GET _search?size=3&from=2;
–字符串查询
GET box/smile/_search?q=name:微笑;
GET box/smile/_search?q=age[10 TO 30]
–DSL查询，注意DSL不支持缓存
GET box/smile/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"name" : "微笑"
}
}
}
–DSL的过滤写法
查询关键字为iphone，国家为cn的，价格范围6000到8000 价格降序，并且取前面2条:
GET shop/goods/_search
{
"query":{
"bool": {
"must": [
{"match": {
"name": "iphone"
}}
],
"filter": [{
"term":{
"local":"us"
}
},{
"range":{
"price":{
"gte":"5000",
"lte":"7000"
}
}
}]
}
},
"from": 1,
"size": 5,
"_source": ["id", "name", "type","price"],
"sort": [{"price": "desc"}]
}
–ES分词器
分词器下载地址：https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik ，下载之后，解压target/releases/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.2.2.zip文件，并将其内容放置于ES根目录/plugins/ik
重启ES服务器
简单使用：
POST _analyze
{
"analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"text":"中国驻洛杉矶领事馆遭亚裔男子枪击 嫌犯已自首"
}
分词器动态模板
PUT _template/global_template
{
"template":"*",
"settings":{
"number_of_shards":1
},
"mappings":{
"_default_":{
"_all":{
"enabled":false
},
"dynamic_templates":[
{
"string_as_text":{
"match_mapping_type":"string",
"match":"*_text",
"mapping":{
"type":"text",
"analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer":"ik_max_word",
"fields":{
"raw":{
"type":"keyword",
"ignore_above":256
}
}
}
}
},
{
"string_as_keyword":{
"match_mapping_type":"string",
"mapping":{
"type":"keyword"
}
}
}
]
}
}
}
4.JAVA中使用ES
–导包，配置pom.xml
org.elasticsearch.client
transport
5.2.2
org.apache.logging.log4j
log4j-api
2.7
org.apache.logging.log4j
log4j-core
2.7
使用代码，完成CRUD，分页和高级查询
public class EsTest {
public static TransportClient getClient() throws Exception {
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(Settings.EMPTY).
addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"),9300));
return client;
}
//新建文档
@Test
public void testCreate() throws Exception{
TransportClient client = getClient();
IndexRequestBuilder requestBuilder = client.prepareIndex("crm", "users", "1");
Map map =new HashMap();
map.put("id", "2");
map.put("age", 18);
map.put("name", "xiaoming");
IndexResponse indexResponse = requestBuilder.setSource(map).get();
System.out.println(indexResponse);
}
//修改文档
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws Exception{
TransportClient client = getClient();
Map map =new HashMap();
map.put("id", "2");
map.put("age", 28);
map.put("name", "xiaosong");
UpdateResponse updateResponse = client.prepareUpdate("crm", "users", "1").setDoc(map).get();
System.out.println(updateResponse);
}
//删除文档
@Test
public void testDelete() throws Exception{
TransportClient client = getClient();
DeleteResponse deleteResponse = client.prepareDelete("crm", "users", "1").get();
System.out.println(deleteResponse);
}
//批量操作
@Test
public void testBulk() throws Exception{
//获取客户端es对象
TransportClient client = getClient();
//获取批量请求对象
BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequestBuilder = client.prepareBulk();
//批量赋值
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
Map map =new HashMap();
map.put("id", i);
map.put("age", 20+i);
map.put("name", "SB"+i);
map.put("class",1);
bulkRequestBuilder.add(client.prepareIndex("take", "classes", i+"").setSource(map));
}
//提交数据
BulkResponse bulkItemResponses = bulkRequestBuilder.get();
if(bulkItemResponses.hasFailures()){
System.out.println("error");
}
client.close();
}
@Test
public void testSearch() throws Exception{
//获取客户端es对象
TransportClient client = getClient();
//获得查询对象
BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
List must = boolQueryBuilder.must();
//表示搜索class为1的人
must.add(QueryBuilders.termQuery("class", 1));
//过滤
List filter = boolQueryBuilder.filter();
//条件是年龄在20到25之间
filter.add(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").gte(20).lte(25));
//设置分页
SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch("take").setFrom(0)
.setSize(3).setQuery(boolQueryBuilder).addSort("id", SortOrder.ASC).get();
System.out.println("总条数"+searchResponse.getHits().getTotalHits());
//循环数据结构
SearchHit[] hits = searchResponse.getHits().getHits();
for (SearchHit hit : hits) {
System.out.println(hit.getSource());
}
client.close();
}
}