Ansible角色定制实例

目录

角色定制:roles

角色定制实例:利用角色部署wordpress

1.在roles目录下生成对应的目录结构

2.定义配置文件

①nginx

②php

 ③mysql

④定义剧本文件

⑤启动服务


角色定制:roles

      对于普通的剧本(playbook)有个弊端就是无法实现复用假设在同时部署Web、db、ha 时或不同服务器组合不同的应用就需要写多个yml文件。很难实现灵活的调用。

  roles 用于层次性、结构化地组织playbook。roles 能够根据层次型结构自动装载变量文件、tasks以及handlers等。要使用roles只需要在playbook中使用include指令即可。简单来讲,roles就是通过分别将变量(vars)、文件(file)、任务(tasks)、模块(modules)及处理器(handlers)放置于单独的目录中,并可以便捷地include它们的一种机制。

角色定制实例:利用角色部署wordpress

192.168.134.165 server01

192.168.134.166 server02

192.168.134.163 server03

server01管理其他两个服务器资产。

1.在roles目录下生成对应的目录结构
[root@server01 ~]# mkdir roles
#生成相应的目录
[root@server01 roles]# ansible-galaxy init nginx
[root@server01 roles]# ansible-galaxy init mysql
[root@server01 roles]# ansible-galaxy init php
[root@server01 roles]# tree
.
├── mysql
│   ├── defaults
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── files
│   ├── handlers
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── meta
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── tasks
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── templates
│   ├── tests
│   │   ├── inventory
│   │   └── test.yml
│   └── vars
│       └── main.yml
├── nginx
│   ├── defaults
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── files
│   ├── handlers
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── meta
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── tasks
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── templates
│   │   └── nginx.conf
│   ├── tests
│   │   ├── inventory
│   │   └── test.yml
│   └── vars
│       └── main.yml
├── php
│   ├── defaults
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── files
│   ├── handlers
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── meta
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── tasks
│   │   └── main.yml
│   ├── templates
│   ├── tests
│   │   ├── inventory
│   │   └── test.yml
│   └── vars
│       └── main.yml
2.定义配置文件

我们需要修改每个文件对应的配置。

①nginx
  • [root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/tasks/main.yml
[root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for nginx
 - name: install {{ server }}
   yum: name={{ server }},epel-release  state=present
 - name: start {{ server }}
   service: name={{ server }} state=started
 - name: 拷贝wordpress源代码
   unarchive: src=/root/wordpress-6.4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz dest=/usr/share/nginx/html
 - name: copy wordpress
   copy: src=/root/roles/wp-config.php  dest=/usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress/
 - name: copy
   template: src=/root/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/  #将nginx的配置文件模板发送到资产上
   notify: restartnginx
   tags: rs


#上传wordpress的包
[root@server01 ~]# rz 
[root@server01 ~]# ll
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 25302043 11月 13 09:58 wordpress-6.4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
  • 创建 /root/roles/wp-config.php文件写入一下内容
wUwM3uSXcgB_nnOaZF-m^oUAuV.i-n' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'EP#~FNQDJRfL4C8Lboja}KVrc:fhdq_L~gn#wN>^qrn.DHZQwkjl=]-:QFcv:aY-' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '3NQgD!)H{lR=,s(EQm7!jYrlR*T|3:h:Ag>_|#6qAO k6U#vvF)gXqb EKdcu[]v' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        ',LMJd60b=Qj1]B)ut!JAYCuJ)xN?`Dlnc>P8Tl_hCTk3Sl+qyAvpi_[VbCTAR?:/' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        'uj<)Ftb_ZA8+;ms%1AqGik.P@35[]r?.d~jc4J?]und3^vEV*=noZ}z^Gbj?u,oQ' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '-CoV$a0F^9AF ?Zk()y<{}*WB`QP;$++T`F2NC6OUb]2=i9GW`*/1RjLb&sTO>}/' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '2)?iJr4fi!gqk5~76^f1}Apdwynt:;$JoNdw]ty:kL]tEfy[%$H(oLNdCX/bFhJy' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       'zU(c-T%ayYW17wFle,oVj0@VG&m,e#Ujs~M|@>q[^|RCp*q)GbGTbRh*zh_#V5h6' );

/**#@-*/

/**
 * WordPress database table prefix.
 *
 * You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
 * a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
 */
$table_prefix = 'wp_';
define( 'WP_DEBUG', false );

/* Add any custom values between this line and the "stop editing" line. */



/* That's all, stop editing! Happy publishing. */

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
        define( 'ABSPATH', __DIR__ . '/' );
}

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';

  • [root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/vars/main.yml
[root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/vars/main.yml
---
# vars file for nginx
    server: nginx
    port: 80
  • [root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/templates/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 4096;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen       {{ port }};
        server_name  localhost;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress;
 index index.php;
        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root          /usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress;  #指定网站目录
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;    #指定访问地址
            fastcgi_index  index.php;           #指定默认文件
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; #站点根目录,取决于root配置项
            include        fastcgi_params;  #包含nginx常量定义
                        }
        error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

}
  • 定义handlers文件 [root@server01 roles]# vim nginx/handlers/main.yml 
---
# handlers file for nginx
 - name: restartnginx
   service: name={{ server }} state=restarted
②php
  • root@server01 roles]# vim php/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for php
 - name: install php
   yum: name=php80-php-xsl,php80-php,php80-php-cli,php80-php-devel,php80-php-gd,php80-php-pdo,php80-php-mysql,php80-php-fpm state=present
 - name: start php
   service: name=php80-php-fpm state=started
 ③mysql
  • [root@server01 roles]# vim mysql/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for mysql
 - name: install mariadb
   yum: name=mariadb-server,mariadb  state=present disablerepo=mysql-5.7-community
 - name: start db
   service: name=mariadb  state=started  enabled=true
 - name: change passwd
   shell: mysql  -e "create database {{ db_name }}; grant all on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '{{ db_pass }}'; flush privileges"
   tags: db           
  • [root@server01 roles]# vim mysql/vars/main.yml
---
# vars file for mysql
    db_name: 'wordpress'
    db_pass: Aren@123
④定义剧本文件

接下来,我们就来定义剧本文件,由于大部分设置我们都单独配置在了roles里面,所以,接下来剧本就只需要写一点点内容即可:

[root@server01 roles]# vim roles.yaml 
---
 - hosts: all
   remote_user: root
   roles:
        - nginx
        - php
        - mysql
⑤启动服务
  • [root@server01 roles]# ansible-playbook /root/roles/roles.yaml

Ansible角色定制实例_第1张图片

 进入web页面

Ansible角色定制实例_第2张图片

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