汇编指令英文全称
1.通用数据传送指令
MOV----> move
MOV dest,src ;dest←src
MOV指令把一个字节或字的操作数从源地址src传送至目的地址dest。
MOVSX---->extended move with sign data
MOVZX---->extended move with zero data
PUSH---->push
POP---->pop
进栈出栈指令
PUSHA---->push all
POPA---->pop all
PUSHAD---->push all data
POPAD---->pop all data
BSWAP---->byte swap
XCHG---->exchange
交换指令用来将源操作数和目的操作数内容交换,操作数可以是字、也可以是字节,可以在通用寄存器与通用寄存器或存储器之间对换数据,但不能在存储器与存储器之间对换数据。
mov ax,1234h ;ax=1234h
mov bx,5678h ;bx=5678h
xchg ax,bx ;ax=5678h,bx=1234h
xchg ah,al ;ax=7856h
CMPXCHG---->compare and change
XADD---->exchange and add
XLAT---->translate
换码指令用于将BX指定的缓冲区中、AL指定的位移处的数据取出赋给AL。
2.输入输出端口传送指令
IN---->input
OUT---->output
3.目的地址传送指令
LEA---->load effective addres
有效地址传送指令
mov bx,0400h
mov si,3ch
lea bx,[bx+si+0f62h] ;BX=139EH
这里BX得到的是主存单元的有效地址,不是物理地址,也不是该单元的内容。
LDS---->load DS
LES---->load ES
LFS---->load FS
LGS---->load GS
LSS---->load SS
4.标志传送指令
LAHF---->load AH from flag
SAHF---->save AH to flag
PUSHF---->push flag
POPF---->pop flag
PUSHD---->push dflag
POPD---->pop dflag
二、算术运算指令
ADD---->add
加法指令 mov al,0fbh ;al=0fbh
add al,07h ;al=02h
ADC---->add with carry
INC---->increase 1
AAA---->ascii add with adjust
DAA---->decimal add with adjust
SUB---->substract
SBB---->substract with borrow
DEC---->decrease 1
NEC---->negative
CMP---->compare
AAS---->ascii adjust on substract
DAS---->decimal adjust on substract
MUL---->multiplication
IMUL---->integer multiplication
AAM---->ascii adjust on multiplication
DIV---->divide
IDIV---->integer divide
AAD---->ascii adjust on divide
CBW---->change byte to word
CWD---->change word to double word
CWDE---->change word to double word with sign to EAX
CDQ---->change double word to quadrate word
三、逻辑运算指令
AND---->and
or---->or
XOR---->xor
NOT---->not
TEST---->test
SHL---->shift left
SAL---->arithmatic shift left
SHR---->shift right
SAR---->arithmatic shift right
ROL---->rotate left
ROR---->rotate right
RCL---->rotate left with carry
RCR---->rotate right with carry
四、串指令
MOVS---->move string
CMPS---->compare string
SCAS---->scan string
LODS---->load string
STOS---->store string
REP---->repeat
REPE---->repeat when equal
REPZ---->repeat when zero flag
REPNE---->repeat when not equal
REPNZ---->repeat when zero flag
REPC---->repeat when carry flag
REPNC---->repeat when not carry flag
五、程序转移指令
1>无条件转移指令(长转移)
JMP---->jump
CALL---->call
RET---->return
RETF---->return far
2>条件转移指令(短转移,-128到+127的距离内)
JA--->jump when above
JAE---->jump when above or equal
JNB---->jump when not below
JB---->jump when below
JNAE---->jump when not above or equal
JBE---->jump when below or equal
JNA---->jump when not above
JG---->jump when greater
JNLE---->jump when not less or equal
JGE---->jump when greater or equal
JNL---->jump when not less
JL---->jump when less
JNGE---->jump when not greater or equal
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