java直接消费rabbitmq_RabbitMQ简单Java示例——生产者和消费者
添加Maven依赖：
使用rabbitmq-client的最新Maven坐标：
com.rabbitmq
amqp-client
5.3.0
添加账户
默认情况下，访问RabbitMQ服务的用户名和密码都是“guest”，这个账号有限制，默认只能通过本地网络(如localhost)访问，远程网络访问受限，所以在实现生产和消费消息之前，需要另外添加一个用户，并设置相应的访问权限。
添加新用户，用户名为“zifeiy”，密码为“passwd”：
C:\Users\zifeiy>rabbitmqctl add_user zifeiy passwd
Adding user "zifeiy" ...
为zifeiy用户设置所有权限：
C:\Users\zifeiy>rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / zifeiy ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "zifeiy" in vhost "/" ...
设置用户zifeiy为管理员角色：
C:\Users\zifeiy>rabbitmqctl set_user_tags zifeiy administrator
Setting tags for user "zifeiy" to [administrator] ...
计算机的世界是从“Hello World!”开始的，这里我们也沿用惯例，首先生产者发送一条消息”Hello World!“至RabbitMQ中，之后由消费者消费。
下面先演示生产者客户端的代码，然后再演示消费者客户端的代码。
生产者客户端代码
package com.zifeiy.springtest.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.MessageProperties;
public class RabbitProducer {
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_demo";
private static final String ROUTING_KEY = "routingkey_demo";
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_demo";
private static final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
private static final int PORT = 5672;// RabbitMQ服务端默认端口号为5672
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost(IP_ADDRESS);
factory.setPort(PORT);
factory.setUsername("zifeiy");
factory.setPassword("passwd");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();// 建立连接
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 创建信道
// 创建一个type="direct"、持久化的、非自动删除的交换器
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct", true, false, null);
// 创建一个持久化、非排他的、非自动删除的队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
// 将交换器和队列通过路由绑定
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTING_KEY);
// 发送一条持久化的消息：hello world!
String message = "hello,world!";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTING_KEY,
MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN,
message.getBytes());
// 关闭资源
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
运行。
消费者客户端代码
package com.zifeiy.springtest.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Address;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class RabbitConsumer {
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_demo";
private static final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
private static final int PORT = 5672;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
Address[] addresses = new Address[] {
new Address(IP_ADDRESS, PORT)
};
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setUsername("zifeiy");
factory.setPassword("passwd");
// 这里的连接方式与生产者的demo略有不同，注意区分
Connection connection = factory.newConnection(addresses);// 创建连接
final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();// 创建信道
channel.basicQos(64); // 设置客户端最多接受未被ack的消息的个数
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
System.out.println("recv message: " + new String(body));
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
};
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, consumer);
// 等待回调函数执行完毕后，关闭资源
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
运行，命令行输出如下：
recv message: hello,world!