python api网关_kong服务网关API

kong简介

Kong 是在客户端和(微)服务间转发API通信的API网关，通过插件扩展功能。Kong 有两个主要组件：

Kong Server ：基于 openresty 的服务器，用来接收 API 请求。

你可以通过增加更多 Kong Server 机器对 Kong 服务进行水平扩展，通过前置的负载均衡器向这些机器分发请求。根据文档描述，两个Cassandra节点就足以支撑绝大多数情况，但如果网络非常拥挤，可以考虑适当增加更多节点。

对于开源社区来说，Kong 中最诱人的一个特性是可以通过插件扩展已有功能，这些插件在 API 请求响应循环的生命周期中被执行。插件使用 Lua 编写，而且 Kong 还有如下几个基础功能：HTTP 基本认证、密钥认证、CORS( Cross-origin Resource Sharing，跨域资源共享)、TCP、UDP、文件日志、API 请求限流、请求转发以及 nginx 监控。

Kong包可运行在某些 Linux 发行版、Mac OS X 和 Docker 中，无论是本地机还是云端服务器皆可运行。

除了免费的开源版本，Mashape 还提供了付费的企业版，其中包括技术支持、使用培训服务以及 API 分析插件。

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kong安装

官网提供了多种安装方式https://getkong.org/install/，采用yum或者docker安装较为方便。docker安装需要先安装数据库，本文使用PG数据库。

安装过程

因为现场网络不通在家里测试环境安装好save下，在现场load使用即可。使用了export和import装载是报错，因为安装时也没有进行其他配置，索性使用save进行拷贝。

docker save -o kong-database-postgres-docker-9.4.tar.gz docker.io/postgres

docker save -o kong.tar.gz docker.io/kong

docker load -i kong-database-postgres-docker-9.4.tar.gz

docker load -i kong.tar.gz

1. 安装kong

[slview@DEMO:~]$ docker search kong

INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED

docker.io docker.io/kong Open-source Microservice & API Management ... 73 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/pgbi/kong-dashboard Web UI for managing your Kong setup. 14 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/pantsel/konga More than just another GUI to KONG Admin API. 3 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/articulate/kong-wait Waits for Cassandra to be connectable befo... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/galacticfog/kong A fork mashape/kong, with a bias towards p... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/littlebaydigital/kong Extension of official docker kong image wi... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/mesoshq/kong Run Kong clusters on Mesos/Marathon! 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/wmzhong/docker-kong For adding solutions for clustering... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/anduin/kong kong 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/articulate/kong-monit Adds monit to the base kong image. 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/bakstad/kong Extension of the official Docker image for... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/cknowles/kong Fork of official repo to ensure logs work ... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/dasudian/kong Build kong docker image. 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/derdiedasjojo/kong kong with piwik-log plugin 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/derdiedasjojo/kong-conf create an api in kong by making an api-call 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/koudaiii/kong docker-kong 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/misfit/kong Kong in Docker 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/mrsaints/kong-aws An extension of Kong with a plugin that ca... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/mrsaints/kong-dev A test / development sandbox for Kong, a s... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/sikmi/nendo-docker-kong nendo kong 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/sneck/kong Kong(Open-Source API Management and Micros... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/supermp/kong Kong 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/vikingco/kong Microservice & API Management Layer (https... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/vikingco/kong-admin Standalone Kong Admin Service 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/zymbit/kong Mashape Kong 0 [OK]

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$ docker pull kong:0.10

Trying to pull repository 192.168.5.249:5000/kong ...

Pulling repository 192.168.5.249:5000/kong

Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/kong ...

sha256:ff6dd0495f1a5b312bff9fd42f6aee6437200a337e190eb0ddc8e5ca83482995: Pulling from docker.io/library/kong

343b09361036: Pull complete

eb953d76e90b: Pull complete

ebdf6ecbe509: Pull complete

24f20231ced9: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:ff6dd0495f1a5b312bff9fd42f6aee6437200a337e190eb0ddc8e5ca83482995

Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/kong:0.10

2. 安装PG

[slview@DEMO:~]$ docker search postgres

INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED

docker.io docker.io/postgres The PostgreSQL object-relational database ... 3552 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/kiasaki/alpine-postgres PostgreSQL docker image based on Alpine Linux 30 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/abevoelker/postgres Postgres 9.3 + WAL-E + PL/V8 and PL/Python... 10 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/macadmins/postgres Postgres that accepts remote connections b... 8 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/jamesbrink/postgres Highly configurable PostgreSQL container. 5 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/eeacms/postgres Docker image for PostgreSQL (RelStorage re... 4 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/blacklabelops/postgres Postgres Image for Atlassian Applications 3 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/azukiapp/postgres Docker image to run PostgreSQL by Azuki - ... 2 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/clkao/postgres-plv8 Docker image for running PLV8 1.4 on Postg... 2 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/publysher/postgres-s3 A Docker-based solution for Postgres backu... 2 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/2020ip/postgres Docker image for PostgreSQL with PLV8 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/eccube/postgres Docker image for PostgreSQL extended local... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/steenzout/postgres Steenzout's docker image packaging for Pos... 1 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/1maa/postgres PostgreSQL base image 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/beorc/postgres Ubuntu-based PostgreSQL server 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/camptocamp/postgres Docker image for PostgreSQL including some... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/coreroller/postgres official postgres:9.4 image but it adds 2 ... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/debezium/postgres PostgreSQL for use with Debezium change da... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/examus/postgres Postgres with change password 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/kobotoolbox/postgres Postgres image for KoBo Toolbox. 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/opencog/postgres This is a configured postgres database for... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/studionone/postgres Postgres Docker image with postgres uuid-o... 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/timbira/postgres Postgres containers 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/travix/postgres A container to run the PostgreSQL database. 0 [OK]

docker.io docker.io/vrtsystems/postgres PostgreSQL image with added init hooks, bu... 0 [OK]

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$

[slview@DEMO:~]$ docker pull postgres:9.4

Trying to pull repository 192.168.5.249:5000/postgres ...

Pulling repository 192.168.5.249:5000/postgres

Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/postgres ...

sha256:8988064772fc8a39f0be47f7f2557788559221b27a51cbba595f23868edbc426: Pulling from docker.io/library/postgres

10a267c67f42: Pull complete

e9a920522e33: Pull complete

6888e696bd71: Pull complete

798096eed143: Pull complete

fb58419959b5: Pull complete

97f9ec09cb68: Pull complete

94972b6e82a0: Pull complete

a281bad165d7: Pull complete

080dd452e4af: Pull complete

e04973558177: Pull complete

79155f9ed5e1: Pull complete

010432309d6c: Pull complete

d1d8761b1fae: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:8988064772fc8a39f0be47f7f2557788559221b27a51cbba595f23868edbc426

Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/postgres:9.4

安装后启动

启动pg

docker run -d --name kong-database \

-p 5432:5432 \

-e "POSTGRES_USER=kong" \

-e "POSTGRES_DB=kong" \

postgres:9.4

启动kong

docker run -d --name kong \

--link kong-database:kong-database \

-e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \

-e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" \

-e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \

-p 8000:8000 \

-p 8443:8443 \

-p 8001:8001 \

-p 7946:7946 \

-p 7946:7946/udp \

kong:0.10

API

增加API

strip_uri ：When matching an API via one of the uris prefixes, strip that matching prefix from the upstream URI to be requested. Default: true. 默认会删除uris前缀

curl -i -X POST --url http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/ --data 'name=iot_user_app' --data 'upstream_url=http://127.0.0.1:16666/' --data 'uris=/getuserinfo,/getnatipmapinfo,/getimeibindinfo' --data 'strip_uri=false'

curl -i -X POST --url http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/ --data 'name=iot_vpdn_app' --data 'upstream_url=http://127.0.0.1:16666/' --data 'uris=/getvpdnuserinfo,/getvpdnservinfo' --data 'strip_uri=false'

删除API

curl -i -X DELETE http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/iot_user_app

{

data: [

{

uris: [

"/getuserinfo",

"/getnatipmapinfo",

"/getimeibindinfo"

],

id: "65dd8d1a-aea5-449d-a1d4-e705a4c88d1c",

upstream_read_timeout: 60000,

preserve_host: false,

created_at: 1495682904000,

upstream_connect_timeout: 60000,

upstream_url: "http://127.0.0.1:20000/",

strip_uri: false,

https_only: false,

name: "iot_user_app",

http_if_terminated: true,

upstream_send_timeout: 60000,

retries: 5

},

{

uris: [

"/getvpdnuserinfo",

"/getvpdnservinfo"

],

id: "146df495-455d-48dd-a051-eaefacbd7b1e",

upstream_read_timeout: 60000,

preserve_host: false,

created_at: 1495682920000,

upstream_connect_timeout: 60000,

upstream_url: "http://127.0.0.1:16666/",

strip_uri: false,

https_only: false,

name: "iot_vpdn_app",

http_if_terminated: true,

upstream_send_timeout: 60000,

retries: 5

}

],

total: 2

}

访问

-bash-4.4$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8000/getuserinfo?Type=hss\&IMSI=46003xxxxx\&REVLP=1

{

"86xxxxxxx": {

"CDMA_IMSI": "46003xxxxxxxxxx",

"ISDN": "86xxxxxxxxx",

"LTE_IMSI": "46011xxxxxxx",

"TYPE": "2/3/4G"

}

}

插件

kong提供了很多插件，一般使用的是授权和流量控制。

{

enabled_plugins: [

"syslog",

"ldap-auth",

"rate-limiting",

"correlation-id",

"jwt",

"request-termination",

"runscope",

"request-transformer",

"http-log",

"loggly",

"response-transformer",

"basic-auth",

"tcp-log",

"hmac-auth",

"oauth2",

"acl",

"bot-detection",

"udp-log",

"cors",

"file-log",

"ip-restriction",

"datadog",

"request-size-limiting",

"galileo",

"aws-lambda",

"statsd",

"response-ratelimiting",

"key-auth"

]

}

{

data: [

{

api_id: "ff315a1a-d98d-4a62-aad9-7bc6bb063e22",

id: "65146028-c231-4618-82d4-02f8cc2b6e57",

created_at: 1495684427000,

enabled: true,

name: "ip-restriction",

config: {

whitelist: [

"59.43.53.0/24",

"100.66.124.0/24",

"100.66.44.0/24",

"172.16.0.0/18"

]

}

},

{

api_id: "ff315a1a-d98d-4a62-aad9-7bc6bb063e22",

id: "2aa6b021-cf73-4651-9c07-a3d5c60b900f",

created_at: 1495684482000,

enabled: true,

name: "rate-limiting",

config: {

fault_tolerant: true,

limit_by: "consumer",

policy: "cluster",

redis_database: 0,

second: 100,

hour: 6000,

redis_timeout: 2000,

redis_port: 6379

}

},

{

api_id: "ff315a1a-d98d-4a62-aad9-7bc6bb063e22",

id: "c53fa430-1b2a-47e8-a093-3c19a23bd87b",

created_at: 1495684523000,

enabled: true,

name: "request-size-limiting",

config: {

allowed_payload_size: 128

}

}

],

total: 3

}

安全插件

通过设置安全插件可以控制IP白名单、黑名单以及ACL来控制访问范围，多个IP段使用逗号分隔：

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/iot_user_app/plugins \

--data "name=ip-restriction" \

--data "config.whitelist=59.43.53.0/24,100.66.124.0/24,100.66.44.0/24,172.16.0.0/18"

访问速率插件

通过设置访问速率插件可以访问速率，防止访问速率过大造成服务器压力，目前支持每秒、每小时进行限制：

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/iot_user_app/plugins \

--data "name=rate-limiting" \

--data "config.second=1000" \

--data "config.hour=60000"

访问速率插件

通过设置访问速率插件可以访问速率，防止访问速率过大造成服务器压力，目前支持每秒、每小时进行限制：

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/iot_user_app/plugins \

--data "name=rate-limiting" \

--data "config.second=1000" \

--data "config.hour=60000"

访问包大小控制

curl -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8001/apis/iot_user_app/plugins \

--data "name=request-size-limiting" \

--data "config.allowed_payload_size=128"

遗留问题

kong可以做oauth2.0和jwt做鉴权。

未进行压力测试，后面再探索吧。