力扣104. 二叉树的最大深度（java，DFS，BFS解法）

Problem: 104. 二叉树的最大深度

思路和解法

DFS

递归处理，退出条件为节点为空，归的过程每次取出当前节点左右子树的最大深度加一

BFS

经典的借助一个队列实现的BFS，用一个变量记录当前的最大层数，在循环实现出队当前节点和添加当前层节点的下一层后将最大层数加一

复杂度

DFS

• 时间复杂度:

$O(n)$

• 空间复杂度:

$O(n)$

BFS

• 时间复杂度:

$O(n)$

• 空间复杂度:

$O(n)$

Code

DFS

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    //DFS
    //Time Complexity: O(n)
    //Space Complexity: O(n) 
    public int maxDepth(TreeNode root) {
        //退出条件
        if (root == null) return 0;
        return Math.max(maxDepth(root.left),maxDepth(root.right)) + 1;
    }
}

BFS

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    //BFS
    //Time Complexity: O(n)
    //Space Complexity: O(n)
    public int maxDepth(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return 0;
        Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<>();
        List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
        queue.add(root);
        //记录层数
        int level = 0;
        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
            int curLevelSize = queue.size();
            for (int i = 0;i < curLevelSize; ++i) {
                TreeNode curLevelNode = queue.poll();
                if (curLevelNode.left != null) {
                    queue.add(curLevelNode.left);
                }
                if (curLevelNode.right != null) {
                    queue.add(curLevelNode.right);
                }
            }
            //层数加一
            level++;
        }
        return level;
    }
}