在深度学习领域,卷积神经网络(CNN)是一种非常重要的模型,它在图像识别、目标检测等领域取得了显著的成果。然而,随着网络层数的增加,梯度消失和梯度爆炸问题变得越来越严重,导致训练深层网络变得非常困难。为了解决这个问题,研究人员提出了残差网络(ResNet),通过引入残差模块,使得深度网络的训练变得更加容易。本文将详细介绍ResNet网络的原理、实现以及应用。
我的pytorch代码实现:Resnet
class ResidualBlock(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, stride=1):
super(ResidualBlock, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=stride, padding=1, bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(out_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1, bias=False)
self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
self.shortcut = nn.Sequential()
if stride != 1 or in_channels != out_channels:
self.shortcut = nn.Sequential(
nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False),
nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
)
def forward(self, x):
out = self.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
out = self.bn2(self.conv2(out))
out += self.shortcut(x)
out = self.relu(out)
return out
class ResNet(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, block, num_blocks, num_classes=1000):
super(ResNet, self).__init__()
self.in_channels = 64
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(64)
self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, num_blocks[0], stride=1)
self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, num_blocks[1], stride=2)
self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, num_blocks[2], stride=2)
self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, num_blocks[3], stride=2)
self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)
def _make_layer(self, block, out_channels, num_blocks, stride):
strides = [stride] + [1] * (num_blocks - 1)
layers = []
for stride in strides:
layers.append(block(self.in_channels, out_channels, stride))
self.in_channels = out_channels * block.expansion
return nn.Sequential(*layers)
def forward(self, x):
out = self.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(x)))
out = self.maxpool(out)
out = self.layer1(out)
out = self.layer2(out)
out = self.layer3(out)
out = self.layer4(out)
out = self.avgpool(out)
out = torch.flatten(out, 1)
out = self.fc(out)
return out
ResNet网络在许多计算机视觉任务中都取得了优异的性能,例如图像分类、物体检测和语义分割等。
我们在vgg16神经网络上训练了SIGNS数据集,这是一个分类的数据集,在我的github上有介绍怎么下载数据集以及如何训练。