rust -结构体学习
通过对《Rust 程序设计语言》，《通过例子学 Rust 中文版》以及令狐一冲老师对相关知识点的学习总结而成。
rust -结构体学习
- 1，定义结构体
- 2 创建结构体实例
- 3 修改结构体的字段
- 4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
- 5 从其他结构体创建实例
- 6 元组结构体
- 7 没有任何字段的类单元结构体
- 8 打印结构体
1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
}
2 创建结构体实例
fn main() {
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
}
3 修改结构体的字段
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
println!("Hello, world!");
}
4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
//4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
let active = true;
let email = String::from("[email protected]");
let username = String::from("peter");
let sign_in_count = 200;
let peter = User {
active,
username,
email,
sign_in_count,
};
println!("Hello, world!");
}
5 从其他结构体创建实例
#[derive(Debug)]
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
//4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
let active = true;
let email = String::from("[email protected]");
let username = String::from("peter");
let sign_in_count = 200;
let peter = User {
active,
username,
email,
sign_in_count,
};
//5 从其他结构体创建实例
let jimmy = User {
username: String::from("jimmy"),
..peter
};
println!("jimmy is {:#?}", jimmy);
println!("Hello, world!");
}
6 元组结构体
元组结构体的特征：
- 字段没有名字
- 用圆括号
#[derive(Debug)]
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
//4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
let active = true;
let email = String::from("[email protected]");
let username = String::from("peter");
let sign_in_count = 200;
let peter = User {
active,
username,
email,
sign_in_count,
};
//5 从其他结构体创建实例
let jimmy = User {
username: String::from("jimmy"),
..peter
};
println!("jimmy is {:#?}", jimmy);
//6 元组结构体
struct Color(i32, i32, i32);
struct Point(i32, i32, i32);
let black = Color(0, 0, 0);
let origin = Point(0, 0, 0);
println!("black.r = {}, black.g = {}, black.b = {}", black.0, black.1, black.2);
println!("Hello, world!");
}
7 没有任何字段的类单元结构体
#[derive(Debug)]
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
//4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
let active = true;
let email = String::from("[email protected]");
let username = String::from("peter");
let sign_in_count = 200;
let peter = User {
active,
username,
email,
sign_in_count,
};
//5 从其他结构体创建实例
let jimmy = User {
username: String::from("jimmy"),
..peter
};
println!("jimmy is {:#?}", jimmy);
//6 元组结构体
struct Color(i32, i32, i32);
struct Point(i32, i32, i32);
let black = Color(0, 0, 0);
let origin = Point(0, 0, 0);
println!("black.r = {}, black.g = {}, black.b = {}", black.0, black.1, black.2);
//7 没有任何字段的类单元结构体
struct Student {};
println!("Hello, world!");
}
8 打印结构体
```bash
#[derive(Debug)]
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
fn main() {
//1，定义结构体
struct User {
active: bool,
username: String,
email: String,
sign_in_count: u64,
};
//2 创建结构体实例
let james = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("james"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 100,
};
//3 修改结构体的字段
let mut tom = User {
email: String::from("[email protected]"),
username: String::from("tom"),
active: true,
sign_in_count: 1000,
};
tom.sign_in_count = 100;
//4 参数名字和字段名字相同的简写方法
let active = true;
let email = String::from("[email protected]");
let username = String::from("peter");
let sign_in_count = 200;
let peter = User {
active,
username,
email,
sign_in_count,
};
//5 从其他结构体创建实例
let jimmy = User {
username: String::from("jimmy"),
..peter
};
println!("jimmy is {:#?}", jimmy);
//6 元组结构体
struct Color(i32, i32, i32);
struct Point(i32, i32, i32);
let black = Color(0, 0, 0);
let origin = Point(0, 0, 0);
println!("black.r = {}, black.g = {}, black.b = {}", black.0, black.1, black.2);
//7 没有任何字段的类单元结构体
struct Student {};
//8 打印结构体
//比如 打印jimmy的信息
println!("jimmy is {:?}", jimmy); //所有打印显示在一行
println!("jimmy is {:#?}", jimmy); //打印按照结构体的方式去输出
println!("Hello, world!");
}