【web】Fastapi自动生成接口文档（Swagger、ReDoc ）

简介

FastAPI是流行的Python web框架，适用于开发高吞吐量API和微服务（直接支持异步编程）

FastAPI的优势之一：通过提供高级抽象和自动数据模型转换，简化请求数据的处理（用户不需要手动处理原始请求数据），并能根据路由和 Pydantic 模型自动生成 OpenAPI 接口文档。

• Swagger UI
• ReDoc

demo

import uuid
import uvicorn
from typing import Any, Union, Optional
from typing_extensions import Literal
from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import (
    BaseModel,
    Field,
    UUID4
)

app = FastAPI()


class UserIn(BaseModel):
    channel: Literal[0, 1] = Field(0, title="渠道")
    username: str = Field(..., title="用户名")
    password: str = Field(..., title="用户密码", description="长度6-8位")
    email: str = Field(..., title="用户邮箱地址")
    full_name: str = Field(None, title="用户全名")
    request_id: Optional[UUID4]


class UserOut(BaseModel):
    username: str = Field(..., title="用户名")
    email: str = Field(..., title="用户邮箱地址")
    full_name: str = Field(None, title="用户全名")
    request_id: Optional[UUID4]


# FastAPI will take care of filtering out all the data that is not declared in the output model (using Pydantic).
# 因此，FastAPI将负责过滤掉输出模型中未声明的所有数据（使用Pydantic）。

@app.post("/user/", response_model=UserOut)
async def create_user(
        user: UserIn = Body(
            examples={
                "example1": {
                    "summary": "A short summary or description of the example",
                    "value": {
                        # example data here
                        "channel": 0,
                        "username": "Foo",
                        "password": "33759",
                        "email": "[email protected]",
                        "full_name": "xiaotao"
                    }
                }
            })
) -> UserOut:
    user.request_id = uuid.uuid4()
    print(user.request_id)
    return user


if __name__ == '__main__':
    uvicorn.run(app=app, access_log=True, port=9988)

运行后，会提示Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:9988 (Press CTRL+C to quit)

在浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1:9988/redoc（ ReDoc）,http://127.0.0.1:9988/docs（Swagger UI ）即可查看

ReDoc 页面如下：

ReDoc vs. Swagger UI

ReDoc更美观，Swagger UI更注重交互（用户直接从界面中发送请求，查看响应，这对于测试和调试 API 非常有用。）