数据包的任务就是把属于同一批的数据进行打包和分割,方便接收方进行识别;
打包分割的方法可以自己设计,只要符合逻辑就可以;
数据都是以原始的字节数据本身呈现的
包头包尾和数据载荷重复的问题解决思路(即传输的数据中有包头包尾):
固定包长和可变包长的选择问题:如果载荷数据会出现和包头包尾重复的情况,最好选择固定包长;
各种数据转化为字节流:数据都是一个个字节,如果想发送16位的整型数据、32位的整型数据、float、double甚至结构体都可以,因为他们内部的数据都是一个一个字节组成的,只需要用一个uin8_t的指针指向结构体,当作一个字节数组发送就可以;
每个字节经过一层编码和译码,最终表现出来文本格式
由于数据编码成了字符形式,所以存在大量字符可以作为包头包尾,可以有效避免载荷和包头包尾重复的问题;
通常把换行 ’\n‘ 作为包尾之一,从而可以在串口助手上一行一行的显示出来;
HEX数据包优点:传输最直接,解析数据非常简单,比较适合一些模块发送原始的数据,比如使用串口通信的陀螺仪、温湿度传感器;
HEX数据包缺点:灵活性不足、载荷容易和包头包尾重复;
文本数据包优点:数据直观易理解,非常灵活,比较适合一些输入指令进行人机交互的场合,比如蓝牙模块常用的AT指令、CNC和3D打印机常用的G代码;
文本数据包缺点:解析效率低;
状态机是多标志位状态的一种方式,能记住不同状态,而且能在不同状态执行不同的操作,同时进行状态的合理转移;
状态机的基本思路:根据项目要求定义状态,画几个圈,然后考虑好各个状态在什么情况下会进行转移、如何转移,最后根据图像进行编程;
Serial.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include
#include
uint8_t Serial_TxPacket[4]; //FF 01 02 03 04 FE
uint8_t Serial_RxPacket[4];
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;
void Serial_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}
void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}
void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
uint16_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
}
}
void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
}
}
uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
uint32_t Result = 1;
while (Y --)
{
Result *= X;
}
return Result;
}
void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
}
}
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
Serial_SendByte(ch);
return ch;
}
void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
char String[100];
va_list arg;
va_start(arg, format);
vsprintf(String, format, arg);
va_end(arg);
Serial_SendString(String);
}
void Serial_SendPacket(void)
{
Serial_SendByte(0xFF);
Serial_SendArray(Serial_TxPacket, 4);
Serial_SendByte(0xFE);
}
uint8_t Serial_GetRxFlag(void)
{
if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
{
Serial_RxFlag = 0;
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
static uint8_t RxState = 0;
static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;
if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
{
uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
if (RxState == 0)
{
if (RxData == 0xFF)
{
RxState = 1;
pRxPacket = 0;
}
}
else if (RxState == 1)
{
Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
pRxPacket ++;
if (pRxPacket >= 4)
{
RxState = 2;
}
}
else if (RxState == 2)
{
if (RxData == 0xFE)
{
RxState = 0;
Serial_RxFlag = 1;
}
}
USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
}
}
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "Key.h"
uint8_t KeyNum;
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
Key_Init();
Serial_Init();
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");
OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");
Serial_TxPacket[0] = 0x01;
Serial_TxPacket[1] = 0x02;
Serial_TxPacket[2] = 0x03;
Serial_TxPacket[3] = 0x04;
while (1)
{
KeyNum = Key_GetNum();
if (KeyNum == 1)
{
Serial_TxPacket[0] ++;
Serial_TxPacket[1] ++;
Serial_TxPacket[2] ++;
Serial_TxPacket[3] ++;
Serial_SendPacket();
OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 1, Serial_TxPacket[0], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 4, Serial_TxPacket[1], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 7, Serial_TxPacket[2], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(2, 10, Serial_TxPacket[3], 2);
}
if (Serial_GetRxFlag() == 1)
{
OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket[0], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 4, Serial_RxPacket[1], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 7, Serial_RxPacket[2], 2);
OLED_ShowHexNum(4, 10, Serial_RxPacket[3], 2);
}
}
}
Serial.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include
#include
char Serial_RxPacket[100]; //"@MSG\r\n"
uint8_t Serial_RxFlag;
void Serial_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}
void Serial_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
USART_SendData(USART1, Byte);
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
}
void Serial_SendArray(uint8_t *Array, uint16_t Length)
{
uint16_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(Array[i]);
}
}
void Serial_SendString(char *String)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(String[i]);
}
}
uint32_t Serial_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
uint32_t Result = 1;
while (Y --)
{
Result *= X;
}
return Result;
}
void Serial_SendNumber(uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i ++)
{
Serial_SendByte(Number / Serial_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
}
}
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
Serial_SendByte(ch);
return ch;
}
void Serial_Printf(char *format, ...)
{
char String[100];
va_list arg;
va_start(arg, format);
vsprintf(String, format, arg);
va_end(arg);
Serial_SendString(String);
}
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
static uint8_t RxState = 0;
static uint8_t pRxPacket = 0;
if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET)
{
uint8_t RxData = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
if (RxState == 0)
{
if (RxData == '@' && Serial_RxFlag == 0)
{
RxState = 1;
pRxPacket = 0;
}
}
else if (RxState == 1)
{
if (RxData == '\r')
{
RxState = 2;
}
else
{
Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = RxData;
pRxPacket ++;
}
}
else if (RxState == 2)
{
if (RxData == '\n')
{
RxState = 0;
Serial_RxPacket[pRxPacket] = '\0';
Serial_RxFlag = 1;
}
}
USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE);
}
}
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Serial.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include "string.h"
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
LED_Init();
Serial_Init();
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "TxPacket");
OLED_ShowString(3, 1, "RxPacket");
while (1)
{
if (Serial_RxFlag == 1)
{
OLED_ShowString(4, 1, " ");
OLED_ShowString(4, 1, Serial_RxPacket);
if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_ON") == 0)
{
LED1_ON();
Serial_SendString("LED_ON_OK\r\n");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_ON_OK");
}
else if (strcmp(Serial_RxPacket, "LED_OFF") == 0)
{
LED1_OFF();
Serial_SendString("LED_OFF_OK\r\n");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "LED_OFF_OK");
}
else
{
Serial_SendString("ERROR_COMMAND\r\n");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, " ");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "ERROR_COMMAND");
}
Serial_RxFlag = 0;
}
}
}