四、Web开发(8)

7、错误处理机制

1)、SpringBoot默认的错误处理机制

默认效果:

​ 1)、浏览器,返回一个默认的错误页面

浏览器发送请求的请求头:


​ 2)、如果是其他客户端,默认响应一个json数据


原理:

​ 可以参照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;错误处理的自动配置;

给容器中添加了以下组件

​ 1、DefaultErrorAttributes:

帮我们在页面共享信息;
@Override
    public Map getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
            boolean includeStackTrace) {
        Map errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap();
        errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
        addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
        addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
        addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
        return errorAttributes;
    }

​ 2、BasicErrorController:处理默认/error请求

@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
    
    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//产生html类型的数据;浏览器发送的请求来到这个方法处理
    public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        Map model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
                request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
        response.setStatus(status.value());
        
        //去哪个页面作为错误页面;包含页面地址和页面内容
        ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
        return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
    }

    @RequestMapping
    @ResponseBody    //产生json数据,其他客户端来到这个方法处理;
    public ResponseEntity> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map body = getErrorAttributes(request,
                isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        return new ResponseEntity>(body, status);
    }

​ 3、ErrorPageCustomizer:

    @Value("${error.path:/error}")
    private String path = "/error";  系统出现错误以后来到error请求进行处理;(web.xml注册的错误页面规则)

​ 4、DefaultErrorViewResolver:

@Override
    public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
            Map model) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
        if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
            modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
        }
        return modelAndView;
    }

    private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map model) {
        //默认SpringBoot可以去找到一个页面?  error/404
        String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
        
        //模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
        TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
                .getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
        if (provider != null) {
            //模板引擎可用的情况下返回到errorViewName指定的视图地址
            return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
        }
        //模板引擎不可用,就在静态资源文件夹下找errorViewName对应的页面   error/404.html
        return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
    }

​ 步骤:

​ 一但系统出现4xx或者5xx之类的错误;ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效(定制错误的响应规则);就会来到/error请求;就会被BasicErrorController处理;

​ 1)响应页面;去哪个页面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的;

protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map model) {
    //所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
   for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
      ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
      if (modelAndView != null) {
         return modelAndView;
      }
   }
   return null;
}

你可能感兴趣的:(四、Web开发(8))