""" 5.图书管理系统的编写 图书类Book: 属性:书名name 作者author 是否借出isborrow 书籍位置index 注意:书籍的位置不能重复 图书管理系统BookManager类 存放图书的工具使用列表 方法: 1.添加图书 2.借书 (根据图书名字借书) 要检验图书是否存在、图书是否已经借出 3.还书 4.查询书籍 (根据名字查询) """
class Book():
__slots__ = ("name","author","isborrow","index")
def __init__(self,name,author,index):
pass
def __str__(self):
pass
class BookManage():
booklist = [] #图书库
def start_book(self): #图书库初始化
pass
def menu(self):
self.start_book()
while True:
print("欢迎进入图书管理系统".center(100, "="))
print("""
1. 添加图书
2. 借书
3. 还书
4. 查询书籍
5. 查看所有书籍
6. 退出""")
select = int(input("请选着功能:"))
if select == 1:
self.add_book()
elif select == 2:
self.borrow_book()
elif select == 3:
self.return_book()
...
def check_book(self,bookname):
pass
...
设置两个类,分别为Book、与BookManage(遵循大驼峰规则)
BookManage:内嵌图书库初始化函数
menu函数:内嵌各类增、删、改、查函数
class Book():
__slots__ = ("name","author","isborrow","index")
def __init__(self,name,author,index):
self.name = name
self.author = author
self.index = index
self.isborrow = False # 初始状态为未借出
def __str__(self):
return f"书名为{self.name},作者为{self.author},索引号为{self.index}"
__repr__ = __str__ # 当打印一个对象的时候,默认会打印该对象的地址,如果在类中重写了__str__函数,则打印对象的时候会调用__str__,从而打印出和对象相关的属性信息
1. __slots__ = (" ",):属性限制,若属性为单一属性,必须加","消除歧义
2. __init__():初始化函数(初始化类对象)、__new__():创建类对象(系统自动调用,无需敲出)
3. __str__(self):重写系统自带函数(可通过dir()查看),重写后不再打印改对象的地址
booklist = [] #图书库
def start_book(self): #图书库初始化
book1 = Book("西游记", "wjy", 1)
book2 = Book("三国演绎", "qs", 2)
book3 = Book("红楼梦", "cocair", 3)
self.booklist = [book1,book2,book3]
print(f"书籍有{self.booklist}")
创建三个Book对象,初始化图书库(self.booklist = []列表初始化的方法)
def menu(self):
self.start_book()
while True:
print("欢迎进入图书管理系统".center(100, "="))
print("""
1. 添加图书
2. 借书
3. 还书
4. 查询书籍
5. 查看所有书籍
6. 退出""")
select = int(input("请选着功能:"))
if select == 1:
self.add_book()
elif select == 2:
self.borrow_book()
pass
elif select == 3:
self.return_book()
elif select == 4:
bookname = input("请输入书本名:")
self.check_book(bookname)
elif select == 5:
self.show_all_book()
elif select == 6:
print("退出成功,欢迎再次登入~~")
break
else:
print("暂无此功能")
用死循环while True控制
def check_book(self,bookname):
for bname in self.booklist:
if bname.name == bookname:
print(f"{bname.name}存在")
return True
return print(f"您输入的{bookname}不存在嗷~~")
def add_book(self):
book_name = input("请输入图书名:")
book_author = input("请输入图书作者:")
# book_index = input("请输入图书索引号:")
book_indexs = [book.index for book in self.booklist]
# for book_self in book_indexs:
# if book_self != book_index:
# book = Book(book_name,book_author,book_index)
# self.booklist.append(book)
# print("图书添加成功")
# break
# else:
# print("该图书已经在图书库中")
# break #没有考虑到索引存在,而再次输入新书名情况
while True:
bindex = input("请输入存放书的位置:")
# 筛查书籍位置
if bindex not in book_indexs:
# 这是一个新的位置
break
else:
print('该位置已有书籍 请重新设置位置')
book = Book(book_name,book_author,bindex)
self.booklist.append(book)
print("添加图书%s成功!" % (book))
用列表推导式赋值book_indexs:用于判断图书是否存在于图书库中
def borrow_book(self):
bookname = input("请输入需要借阅的书:")
if self.check_book(bookname): # 没错,但面向对象不测底
for book_self in self.booklist:
if book_self.name == bookname:
if book_self.isborrow:
print(f"无法借阅,该图书{book_self}已经借出")
break
else:
book_self.isborrow = True
print(f"图书{book_self}借阅成功")
break
else:
print(f"{bookname}不在此图书系统中")
用book_self.isborrow来标志书本是否借出
def return_book(self):
bookname = input("请输入待还的书:")
if self.check_book(bookname):
for book_self in self.booklist:
if book_self.name == bookname:
if book_self.isborrow:
book_self.isborrow = False
print(f"该图书{book_self}退还成功")
break
else:
print(f"图书{book_self}无需退还")
break
else:
print(f"{bookname}不在此图书系统中")
def show_all_book(self):
for book_ in self.booklist:
print(book_)
class Book():
__slots__ = ("name","author","isborrow","index")
def __init__(self,name,author,index):
self.name = name
self.author = author
self.index = index
self.isborrow = False # 初始状态为未借出
def __str__(self):
return f"书名为{self.name},作者为{self.author},索引号为{self.index}"
__repr__ = __str__ # 当打印一个对象的时候,默认会打印该对象的地址,如果在类中重写了__str__函数,则打印对象的时候会调用__str__,从而打印出和对象相关的属性信息
class BookManage():
booklist = [] #图书库
def start_book(self): #图书库初始化
book1 = Book("西游记", "wjy", 1)
book2 = Book("三国演绎", "qs", 2)
book3 = Book("红楼梦", "cocair", 3)
self.booklist = [book1,book2,book3]
print(f"书籍有{self.booklist}")
def menu(self):
self.start_book()
while True:
print("欢迎进入图书管理系统".center(100, "="))
print("""
1. 添加图书
2. 借书
3. 还书
4. 查询书籍
5. 查看所有书籍
6. 退出""")
select = int(input("请选着功能:"))
if select == 1:
self.add_book()
elif select == 2:
self.borrow_book()
pass
elif select == 3:
self.return_book()
elif select == 4:
bookname = input("请输入书本名:")
self.check_book(bookname)
elif select == 5:
self.show_all_book()
elif select == 6:
print("退出成功,欢迎再次登入~~")
break
else:
print("暂无此功能")
def check_book(self,bookname):
for bname in self.booklist:
if bname.name == bookname:
print(f"{bname.name}存在")
return True
return print(f"您输入的{bookname}不存在嗷~~")
def add_book(self):
book_name = input("请输入图书名:")
book_author = input("请输入图书作者:")
# book_index = input("请输入图书索引号:")
book_indexs = [book.index for book in self.booklist]
# for book_self in book_indexs:
# if book_self != book_index:
# book = Book(book_name,book_author,book_index)
# self.booklist.append(book)
# print("图书添加成功")
# break
# else:
# print("该图书已经在图书库中")
# break #没有考虑到索引存在,而再次输入新书名情况
while True:
bindex = input("请输入存放书的位置:")
# 筛查书籍位置
if bindex not in book_indexs:
# 这是一个新的位置
break
else:
print('该位置已有书籍 请重新设置位置')
book = Book(book_name,book_author,bindex)
self.booklist.append(book)
print("添加图书%s成功!" % (book))
def borrow_book(self):
bookname = input("请输入需要借阅的书:")
if self.check_book(bookname): # 没错,但面向对象不测底
for book_self in self.booklist:
if book_self.name == bookname:
if book_self.isborrow:
print(f"无法借阅,该图书{book_self}已经借出")
break
else:
book_self.isborrow = True
print(f"图书{book_self}借阅成功")
break
else:
print(f"{bookname}不在此图书系统中")
def return_book(self):
bookname = input("请输入待还的书:")
if self.check_book(bookname):
for book_self in self.booklist:
if book_self.name == bookname:
if book_self.isborrow:
book_self.isborrow = False
print(f"该图书{book_self}退还成功")
break
else:
print(f"图书{book_self}无需退还")
break
else:
print(f"{bookname}不在此图书系统中")
def show_all_book(self):
for book_ in self.booklist:
print(book_)
bookmanage = BookManage()
bookmanage.menu()