Centos7 安装 Mysql 5.7.28

1.、下载 MySQL yum包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
若出现-bash: wget: command not found，执行yum -y install wget安装

2、 安装MySQL源

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

3、安装MySQL服务端,需要等待一些时间

yum install -y mysql-community-server
若出现Public key for mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
原因是Mysql的GPG升级了，需要重新获取
使用以下命令即可
rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

4、启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld.service

5、检查是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld.service

6、获取临时密码，MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

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7、通过临时密码登录MySQL，进行修改密码操作

mysql -uroot -p

8、因为MySQL的密码规则需要很复杂，我们一般自己设置的不会设置成这样，所以我们全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
这时候我们就可以自己设置想要的密码了
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

9、授权其他机器远程登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

10、开启开机自启动
先退出mysql命令行，然后输入以下命令

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

11、设置MySQL的字符集为UTF-8，令其支持中文

vim /etc/my.cnf
若出现-bash: vim : command not found，执行yum -y install vim 安装
改成如下,然后保存

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
 
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8
 
symbolic-links=0
 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

12、重启一下MySQL,令配置生效

service mysqld restart

13、防火墙开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

若出现-bash: firewall-cmd: command not found，执行yum install -y firewalld

14、卸载MySQL仓库
一开始的时候我们安装的yum，每次yum操作都会更新一次，耗费时间，我们把他卸载掉

rpm -qa | grep mysql

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yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

15、数据库的操作
查看mysql是否启动：service mysqld status
启动mysql：service mysqld start
停止mysql：service mysqld stop
重启mysql：service mysqld restart
查看临时密码：grep password /var/log/mysqld.log