ceph集群搭建详细教程(ceph-deploy)

ceph-deploy比较适合生产环境,不是用cephadm搭建。相对麻烦一些,但是并不难,细节把握好就行,只是命令多一些而已。

实验环境

服务器主机 public网段IP(对外服务) cluster网段IP(集群通信) 角色
deploy 192.168.2.120 用于部署集群、管理集群
ceph-node1 192.168.2.121 192.168.6.135 ceph-mon、ceph-mgr、ceph-osd
ceph-node2 192.168.2.122 192.168.6.136 ceph-mon、ceph-mgr、ceph-osd
ceph-node3 192.168.2.123 192.168.6.137 ceph-mon、ceph-osd
ceph-osd节点:一般建议裸金属部署。
	10c\12c, 32G、64G更好。

ceph-mgr两个节点就可以做高可用了,当然可以用更多节点。

ceph-mon必须3个节点以上。
ceph-mon性能可以低一点,比如跑虚拟机上。
	4c8g也够用,4C16G更好。

准备工作

关闭防火墙、关闭selinux

systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i '7s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

设置每台服务的hostname

hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node1
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node2
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node3
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-deploy

设置host相互解析

192.168.2.120 ceph-deploy
192.168.2.121 ceph-node1
192.168.2.122 ceph-node2
192.168.2.123 ceph-node3

每台服务器添加好epel源

[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 -
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 -  - Debug
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 -  - Source
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

每台服务器添加ceph的源

[Ceph]
name=Ceph packages for $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc

[Ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc

[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/rpm-mimic/el7/SRPMS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ceph/keys/release.asc

每天服务器添加ceph用户

groupadd  ceph -g 3333
useradd -u 3333 -g 3333 ceph
echo "cephadmin888" | passwd --stdin ceph

每台服务配置sudoer配置文件,允许ceph用户执行所有sudo命令

echo "ceph    ALL=(ALL)       NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

ceph-deploy节点生产ssh密钥

# 切换到ceph用户,切记一定要切换再做..不然免密就是免密你当前的用户,因为后续要用ceph用户来部署。
su - ceph
# 生成ssh密钥
ssh-keygen

复制ssh密钥到ceph-node1、ceph-node2、ceph-node3节点

sudo ssh-copy-id [email protected]
sudo ssh-copy-id [email protected]
sudo ssh-copy-id [email protected]

开始部署集群

在ceph-deploy节点创建目录

su - ceph
[ceph@ceph-deploy ~]$ mkdir ceph-cluster-deploy
[ceph@ceph-deploy ~]$ cd ceph-cluster-deploy/
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ 

安装ceph-deploy包

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ sudo yum install ceph-deploy python-setuptools python2-subprocess3

安装成功后可以查看ceph-deploy命令是否能够使用

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy 
usage: ceph-deploy [-h] [-v | -q] [--version] [--username USERNAME]
                   [--overwrite-conf] [--ceph-conf CEPH_CONF]
                   COMMAND ...

查看ceph-deploy的版本

ceph-deploy 2.0.1默认安装mimic的ceph版本(也就是13.2.10),如果需要安装其他版本ceph,可以使用–release来指定

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy --version
2.0.1

执行ceph-deploy install命令初始化osd节点

在ceph-deploy节点通过执行install命令,为ceph集群中的osd节点安装ceph相关包

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy install --help
usage: ceph-deploy install [-h] [--stable [CODENAME] | --release [CODENAME] |
                           --testing | --dev [BRANCH_OR_TAG]]
                           [--dev-commit [COMMIT]] [--mon] [--mgr] [--mds]
                           [--rgw] [--osd] [--tests] [--cli] [--all]
                           [--adjust-repos | --no-adjust-repos | --repo]
                           [--local-mirror [LOCAL_MIRROR]]
                           [--repo-url [REPO_URL]] [--gpg-url [GPG_URL]]
                           [--nogpgcheck]
                           HOST [HOST ...]

Install Ceph packages on remote hosts.

positional arguments:
  HOST                  hosts to install on
... 等选项,此处忽略

# 这里有2个比较重要的选项,分别是:
--no-adjust-repos     install packages without modifying source repos # 不要去修改ceph的repo源,因为我们前面已经将源改成清华的源了,等下它给你改回来就慢的要死
--nogpgcheck          install packages without gpgcheck # 跳过gpg校验

执行命令:

# p.s:ceph-node{1..3} 中的{1..3}这个是linux中的一个循环运算,比如用在for循环中
# 实际上生产命令:ceph-deploy install --no-adjust-repos --nogpgcheck ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3

# 执行该命令进行安装
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy install --no-adjust-repos --nogpgcheck ceph-node{1..3}

执行过程就忽略了,执行成功后有类似提示,如下:

[ceph-node3][DEBUG ] 完毕!
[ceph-node3][INFO  ] Running command: sudo ceph --version
[ceph-node3][DEBUG ] ceph version 13.2.10 (564bdc4ae87418a232fc901524470e1a0f76d641) mimic (stable)

执行ceph-deploy new命令执行ceph集群初始化

# 查看ceph-deploy new子命令的帮助信息
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy new --help
usage: ceph-deploy new [-h] [--no-ssh-copykey] [--fsid FSID]
                       [--cluster-network CLUSTER_NETWORK]
                       [--public-network PUBLIC_NETWORK]
                       MON [MON ...]

Start deploying a new cluster, and write a CLUSTER.conf and keyring for it.

positional arguments:
  MON                   initial monitor hostname, fqdn, or hostname:fqdn pair

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --no-ssh-copykey      do not attempt to copy SSH keys
  --fsid FSID           provide an alternate FSID for ceph.conf generation
  --cluster-network CLUSTER_NETWORK
                        specify the (internal) cluster network
  --public-network PUBLIC_NETWORK
                        specify the public network for a cluster

执行命令:

# 由于我是将mon也放到osd节点上,所以这里就是ceph-node1、ceph-node2、ceph-node3了
# 生产环境,建议将mon单独服务器节点。
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy new --cluster-network 192.168.6.0/24 --public-network 192.168.2.0/24  ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
[ceph_deploy.conf][DEBUG ] found configuration file at: /home/ceph/.cephdeploy.conf
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ] Invoked (2.0.1): /bin/ceph-deploy new --cluster-network 192.168.6.0/24 --public-network 192.168.2.0/24 ceph-node1 ceph-node2
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ] ceph-deploy options:
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  username                      : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  func                          : 
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  verbose                       : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  overwrite_conf                : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  quiet                         : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cd_conf                       : 
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cluster                       : ceph
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  ssh_copykey                   : True
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  mon                           : ['ceph-node1', 'ceph-node2']
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  public_network                : 192.168.2.0/24
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  ceph_conf                     : None
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  cluster_network               : 192.168.6.0/24
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  default_release               : False
[ceph_deploy.cli][INFO  ]  fsid                          : None
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Creating new cluster named ceph
[ceph_deploy.new][INFO  ] making sure passwordless SSH succeeds
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-deploy 
[ceph-node1][INFO  ] Running command: ssh -CT -o BatchMode=yes ceph-node1
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] connection detected need for sudo
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-node1 
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] detect platform information from remote host
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] detect machine type
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] find the location of an executable
[ceph-node1][INFO  ] Running command: sudo /usr/sbin/ip link show
[ceph-node1][INFO  ] Running command: sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr show
[ceph-node1][DEBUG ] IP addresses found: [u'192.168.2.121', u'192.168.6.135']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Resolving host ceph-node1
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor ceph-node1 at 192.168.2.121
[ceph_deploy.new][INFO  ] making sure passwordless SSH succeeds
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-deploy 
[ceph-node2][INFO  ] Running command: ssh -CT -o BatchMode=yes ceph-node2
[ceph_deploy.new][WARNIN] could not connect via SSH
[ceph_deploy.new][INFO  ] will connect again with password prompt
The authenticity of host 'ceph-node2 (192.168.2.122)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:bFB9FzJjKEKMP2W5kW+orMbo9mD+tr8fLOPRsYaXhj8.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:b7:e5:bd:6a:56:10:42:3d:34:3a:54:ac:79:a2:3c:5b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'ceph-node2' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-node2 
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] detect platform information from remote host
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] detect machine type
[ceph_deploy.new][INFO  ] adding public keys to authorized_keys
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] append contents to file
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] connection detected need for sudo
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] connected to host: ceph-node2 
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] detect platform information from remote host
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] detect machine type
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] find the location of an executable
[ceph-node2][INFO  ] Running command: sudo /usr/sbin/ip link show
[ceph-node2][INFO  ] Running command: sudo /usr/sbin/ip addr show
[ceph-node2][DEBUG ] IP addresses found: [u'192.168.6.136', u'192.168.2.122']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Resolving host ceph-node2
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor ceph-node2 at 192.168.2.122
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor initial members are ['ceph-node1', 'ceph-node2']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Monitor addrs are [u'192.168.2.121', u'192.168.2.122']
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Creating a random mon key...
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Writing monitor keyring to ceph.mon.keyring...
[ceph_deploy.new][DEBUG ] Writing initial config to ceph.conf...

# 查看当前目录,可以发现生产了一些文件
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ll
总用量 16
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ceph ceph  292 12月 22 12:10 ceph.conf  # conf是ceph集群的配置文件
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ceph ceph 5083 12月 22 12:10 ceph-deploy-ceph.log # 日志
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph   73 12月 22 12:10 ceph.mon.keyring # 这个是ceph集群的密钥

# 查看ceph.conf
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ cat ceph.conf 
[global]
fsid = f1da3a2e-b8df-46ba-9c6b-0030da25c73e
public_network = 192.168.2.0/24
cluster_network = 192.168.6.0/24
mon_initial_members = ceph-node1, ceph-node2
mon_host = 192.168.2.121,192.168.2.122
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx

配置mon节点

安装ceph-mon包

如果是独立的mon节点,记得检查各个mon节点中是否安装了ceph-mon包

yum install -y ceph-mon

初始化mon节点

切换回ceph-deploy节点

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy mon create-initial

执行完成后回发现又多了一些配置文件,这些文件都是非常重要的,类似k8s中的kubeconfig,不要随意泄露。

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ll
总用量 476
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph    113 12月 22 13:11 ceph.bootstrap-mds.keyring
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph    113 12月 22 13:11 ceph.bootstrap-mgr.keyring
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph    113 12月 22 13:11 ceph.bootstrap-osd.keyring
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph    113 12月 22 13:11 ceph.bootstrap-rgw.keyring
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph    151 12月 22 13:11 ceph.client.admin.keyring
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ceph ceph    292 12月 22 12:11 ceph.conf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ceph ceph 207826 12月 22 13:17 ceph-deploy-ceph.log
-rw------- 1 ceph ceph     73 12月 22 12:11 ceph.mon.keyring

而且对应的mon节点上的服务器,运行的mon服务

[email protected]
从此处链接:
/etc/systemd/system/ceph-mon.target.wants/ceph-mon@.service

并且也有对应的进程

[root@ceph-node3 ~]# ps axu | grep non
ceph        2614  0.5  2.1 470596 39944 ?        Ssl  13:17   0:00 /usr/bin/ceph-mon -f --cluster ceph --id ceph-node3 --setuser ceph --setgroup ceph

推送管理密钥到节点

推送密钥到各个osd节点、或者你需要使用ceph集群管理的节点。不推送你就得每次自己指定密钥,比较麻烦。。。

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy admin ceph-node{1..3}

# 推送给自己,因为我这里是用同一个服务器来部署和管理ceph集群
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy admin ceph-deploy

设置密钥的facl权限

在各个node节点上设置文件facl,因为推送过去的密码默认属主和属组都是root用户,但是我们前面是创建ceph用户用于管理ceph集群

# 可以在root用户下设置,也可以用sudo

# ceph-node1
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# setfacl -m u:ceph:rw /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring 
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# getfacl /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rw-
user:ceph:rw-
group::---
mask::rw-
other::---

# ceph-node2 和 ceph-node3 类似

# 因为我打算在deploy节点同时管理ceph,也就是admin和deploy是同一个节点,所以这里也要给ddeploy节点设置facl
[root@ceph-deploy ~]# setfacl -m u:ceph:rw /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring 

配置mgr节点

只有ceph luminios和以上的版本才有mgr节点,老版本并没有,所以老版本不需要部署。

但是我们部署的是安装mimic的ceph版本(也就是13.2.10),所以需要部署。

安装ceph-mgr包

如果是独立的mgr节点服务器,记得检查是否安装了ceph-mgr包

yum install -y ceph-mgr

ceph-mgr命令选项:

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy mgr --help
usage: ceph-deploy mgr [-h] {create} ...

Ceph MGR daemon management

positional arguments:
  {create}
    create    Deploy Ceph MGR on remote host(s)

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit

添加mgr节点

执行命令,初始化mgr节点

# 由于我是osd、mon、mgr混用服务器,所以这里就用ceph-node1、ceph-node2了。
ceph-deploy mgr create ceph-node1 ceph-node2

检查ceph集群状态

[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph -s
  cluster:
    id:     f1da3a2e-b8df-46ba-9c6b-0030da25c73e
    health: HEALTH_WARN
            OSD count 0 < osd_pool_default_size 3
 
  services:
    mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph-node1,ceph-node2,ceph-node3
    mgr: ceph-node1(active), standbys: ceph-node2
    osd: 0 osds: 0 up, 0 in
 
  data:
    pools:   0 pools, 0 pgs
    objects: 0  objects, 0 B
    usage:   0 B used, 0 B / 0 B avail
    pgs:     

添加osd

添加osd到集群中

# 擦除osd节点上要被添加的磁盘的空间
ceph-deploy disk zap ceph-node1 /dev/sd{b,c,d}
ceph-deploy disk zap ceph-node2 /dev/sd{b,c,d}
ceph-deploy disk zap ceph-node3 /dev/sd{b,c,d}

# 添加ceph-node1上的磁盘为osd
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node1 --data /dev/sdb
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node1 --data /dev/sdc
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node1 --data /dev/sdd

# 添加ceph-node2上的磁盘为osd
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node2 --data /dev/sdb
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node2 --data /dev/sdc
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node2 --data /dev/sdd

# 添加ceph-node3上的磁盘为osd
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node3 --data /dev/sdb
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node3 --data /dev/sdc
ceph-deploy osd create ceph-node3 --data /dev/sdd


# 添加完成后,会在对应的osd节点上添加osd服务(但是只是runtime临时生效,必须将其改为永久生效)
如:/run/systemd/system/ceph-osd.target.wants/[email protected] # 7是osd的id,从0开始。

检查osd状态

# 通过ceph-deploy可以检查
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph-deploy osd list ceph-node{1,2,3}


# 通过ceph osd stat命令检查
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph osd stat
9 osds: 9 up, 9 in; epoch: e37

# 使用 ceph osd status 查看
- `id`: OSD的唯一标识符。
- `host`: OSD所在的主机名
- `used`: OSD已使用的存储容量。
- `avail`: OSD可用的存储容量。
- `wr ops`: OSD每秒写入操作的数量。
- `wr data`: OSD每秒写入数据的数量。
- `rd ops`: OSD每秒读取操作的数量。
- `rd data`: OSD每秒读取数据的数量。
- `state`: OSD的状态,"exists"表示OSD存在,"up"表示OSD正常运行。
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph osd status
+----+------------+-------+-------+--------+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| id |    host    |  used | avail | wr ops | wr data | rd ops | rd data |   state   |
+----+------------+-------+-------+--------+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| 0  | ceph-node1 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 1  | ceph-node1 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 2  | ceph-node1 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 3  | ceph-node2 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 4  | ceph-node2 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 5  | ceph-node2 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 6  | ceph-node3 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 7  | ceph-node3 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
| 8  | ceph-node3 | 1028M | 4087M |    0   |     0   |    0   |     0   | exists,up |
+----+------------+-------+-------+--------+---------+--------+---------+-----------+

# ceph osd tree 也可以
[root@ceph-node1 ~]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME           STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF 
-1       0.04408 root default                                
-3       0.01469     host ceph-node1                         
 0   hdd 0.00490         osd.0           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 1   hdd 0.00490         osd.1           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 2   hdd 0.00490         osd.2           up  1.00000 1.00000 
-5       0.01469     host ceph-node2                         
 3   hdd 0.00490         osd.3           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 4   hdd 0.00490         osd.4           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 5   hdd 0.00490         osd.5           up  1.00000 1.00000 
-7       0.01469     host ceph-node3                         
 6   hdd 0.00490         osd.6           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 7   hdd 0.00490         osd.7           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 8   hdd 0.00490         osd.8           up  1.00000 1.00000 
 
# 这个是用来查看osd的disk free,类似linux的df
- `ID`: OSD的唯一标识符。
- `CLASS`: OSD的存储类别。
- `WEIGHT`: OSD的权重。
- `REWEIGHT`: OSD的重新加权比例。
- `SIZE`: OSD的总存储容量。
- `RAW USE`: OSD当前使用的原始存储容量。
- `DATA`: OSD数据存储使用量。
- `OMAP`: OSD的OMAP(Object Map)数据存储使用量。
- `META`: OSD元数据存储使用量。
- `AVAIL`: OSD可用的存储容量。
- `%USE`: OSD使用率百分比。
- `VAR`: OSD使用率方差。
- `PGS`: OSD分布的PG(Placement Group)数量。
- `STATUS`: OSD的状态,"up"表示OSD正常运行。
 [root@ceph-node1 ~]# ceph osd df
ID CLASS WEIGHT  REWEIGHT SIZE    USE     DATA    OMAP META  AVAIL   %USE  VAR  PGS 
 0   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 1   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 2   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 3   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 4   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 5   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 6   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 7   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
 8   hdd 0.00490  1.00000 5.0 GiB 1.0 GiB 4.7 MiB  0 B 1 GiB 4.0 GiB 20.11 1.00   0 
                    TOTAL  45 GiB 9.0 GiB  42 MiB  0 B 9 GiB  36 GiB 20.11          
MIN/MAX VAR: 1.00/1.00  STDDEV: 0

将ceph-osd服务设置开机启动

根据osd所在节点,添加对应的服务为开机启动

# ceph-node1
systemctl enable ceph-osd@{0,1,2}

# ceph-node2
systemctl enable ceph-osd@{3,4,5}

# ceph-node3
systemctl enable ceph-osd@{6,7,8}

管理相关

从rados中移除osd

移除的时候,最好一个个移除,不然有可能性能跟不上,因为ceph自己去找其他osd的备份来作为主,一旦一次性删除太多就可能出现性能问题。

# 停用osd
ceph osd out 

# 停止osd服务
systemctl stop ceph-osd@

# 移除osd
ceph osd ourge  --yes-i-really-mean-it

# 检查ceph.conf集群配置文件中,是福哦还有对应osd的配置,如有则手动删除、

###### Luminous 之前的版本,移除步骤如下 :
ceph osd crush remove 
ceph auth del osd 
ceph osd rm 

手动测试数据上传、下载

# 通过rados创建pool
rados mkpool  [123[ 4]]  create pool '
                                    [with auid 123[and using crush rule 4]]


# 通过ceph 命令创建pool
ceph osd pool create   {} {replicated|erasure} {}          create pool
 {} {}    

ceph osd pool  create   


# 上传文件到指定的pool
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ rados put myfile /etc/fstab -p swq-test
# 列出指定pool中的文件
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ rados ls -p swq-test
myfile

# 下载文件
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ rados get myfile -p swq-test /tmp/my.txt
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ cat /tmp/my.txt 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Dec 21 23:51:13 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=4b1bb372-7f34-48f6-8852-036ee6dfd125 /boot  

# 查看文件的映射关系
[ceph@ceph-deploy ceph-cluster-deploy]$ ceph osd map swq-test myfile
osdmap e43 pool 'swq-test' (2) object 'myfile' -> pg 2.423e92f7 (2.17) -> up ([5,6,2], p5) acting ([5,6,2], p5)

# 在哪个pg中?
# 	pg为2的423e92f7中。
# -> pg 2.423e92f7 (2.17) 

# 在哪个osd中?
# 	这里是在5,6,2这3个osd中,主osd为:5
# 	acting是目前活动的osd
# -> up ([5,6,2], p5) acting ([5,6,2], p5)

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