目标
体验新版 truffle debugger，搭建开发环境，新建truffle项目，写智能合约，然后使用 debugger 来调试。
开发环境
- Truffle v4.1.14
- Ganache 1.2.1
创建项目
mkdir fibonacci
cd fibonacci
truffle init
启动 Ganache，修改 truffle 配置文件：
// truffle.js
module.exports = {
networks: {
development: {
host: "127.0.0.1",
port: 7545,
network_id: "*"
}
}
};
合约代码
contracts/Fibonacci.sol：
// contracts/Fibonacci.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.22;
contract Fibonacci {
uint[] fibseries;
// n = how many in the series to return
function generateFib(uint n) public {
// set 1st and 2nd entries
fibseries.push(1);
fibseries.push(1);
// generate subsequent entries
for (uint i=2; i < n ; i++) {
fibseries.push(fibseries[i-1] + fibseries[i-2]);
}
}
}
迁移脚本
migrations/2_deploy_contracts.js：
var Fibonacci = artifacts.require("Fibonacci");
module.exports = function(deployer) {
deployer.deploy(Fibonacci);
};
发布
进入 truffle console，执行命令:
truffle console
进入后会看到提示：
truffle(development)>
编译：
truffle(development)> compile
Compiling ./contracts/Fibonacci.sol...
Compiling ./contracts/Migrations.sol...
Writing artifacts to ./build/contracts
迁移：
truffle(development)> migrate
Using network 'development'.
Running migration: 1_initial_migration.js
Deploying Migrations...
... 0xc1fea5d1fa37c847455fad73de6e5c8b0335fb9bcf002fc7f4f15c6cad086964
Migrations: 0x590ac68a92c37ab3783137f3aa137c9ab55b7430
Saving successful migration to network...
... 0xfb876be80567f541f39298674cdb1d11125b4854cdcc4f395c1e86d7ee3d60fc
Saving artifacts...
Running migration: 2_deploy_contracts.js
Deploying Fibonacci...
... 0x90f7fd08baddec67a5e24b223fb0bf4f53327b60e666cdb68fa9a43e8a77b817
Fibonacci: 0xdf32b5bac77c2998587e81f787667b869fd06190
Saving successful migration to network...
... 0xe9a042998d81eb0e2e84d00d2df51966e0fb3072467de7931f4a3dcb42d1935f
Saving artifacts...
Ganache 的 Transactions 界面中就可以看到新建的合约事务：
调试
合约调用：
truffle(development)> Fibonacci.deployed().then(function(instance){return instance.generateFib(10);});
{ tx: '0xfe40ddce72ad25f4ca14ba2675b6340c96f662c3b2cf88b3e780287213ef35fa',
receipt:
{ transactionHash: '0xfe40ddce72ad25f4ca14ba2675b6340c96f662c3b2cf88b3e780287213ef35fa',
transactionIndex: 0,
blockHash: '0xebb585005947ec7fa188c9b3783eebebc7086129efbf21ae297ad257f0187f7f',
blockNumber: 5,
gasUsed: 298373,
cumulativeGasUsed: 298373,
contractAddress: null,
logs: [],
status: '0x1',
logsBloom: '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000' },
logs: [] }
返回了事务信息，使用 debug 需要事务ID，就是返回信息中的 tx 的值，进入 debug 模式：
debug 0xfe40ddce72ad25f4ca14ba2675b6340c96f662c3b2cf88b3e780287213ef35fa
效果：
truffle(development)> debug 0xfe40ddce72ad25f4ca14ba2675b6340c96f662c3b2cf88b3e780287213ef35fa
Compiling ./contracts/Fibonacci.sol...
Compiling ./contracts/Migrations.sol...
Gathering transaction data...
Addresses affected:
0xdf32b5bac77c2998587e81f787667b869fd06190 - Fibonacci
Commands:
(enter) last command entered (step next)
(o) step over, (i) step into, (u) step out, (n) step next
(;) step instruction, (p) print instruction, (h) print this help, (q) quit
(b) toggle breakpoint, (c) continue until breakpoint
(+) add watch expression (`+:`), (-) remove watch expression (-:)
(?) list existing watch expressions
(v) print variables and values, (:) evaluate expression - see `v`
Fibonacci.sol:
1: pragma solidity ^0.4.22;
2:
3: contract Fibonacci {
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
给出了debug帮助说明，下面体验几个常用的命令：
（1）下一步 step next
“回车 enter” 就是下一步
（2）查看变量
输入 v 会列出当前所有变量及其值：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> v
fibseries: []
多按几次回车，让程序多走几步，再查看变量：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> v
i: 0
n: 10
fibseries: []
如果变量太多，我们只关注某个变量，使用 +:，例如：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> +:i
0
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> +:n
10
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> +:fibseries
[]
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)>
Fibonacci.sol:
10: // set 1st and 2nd entries
11: fibseries.push(1);
12: fibseries.push(1);
^^^^^^^^^
:i
0
:n
10
:fibseries
[ 1 ]
还可以设置变量组合：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> +:{ i, fibseries }
{ i: 0, fibseries: [ 1 ] }
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)>
Fibonacci.sol:
10: // set 1st and 2nd entries
11: fibseries.push(1);
12: fibseries.push(1);
^
:i
0
:n
10
:fibseries
[ 1 ]
:{ i, fibseries }
{ i: 0, fibseries: [ 1 ] }
可以移除某个变量：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> -:i
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> -:n
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)> -:fibseries
结果变为：
debug(development:0xfe40ddce...)>
Fibonacci.sol:
13:
14: // generate subsequent entries
15: for (uint i=2; i < n ; i++) {
^^^^^^^^
:{ i, fibseries }
{ i: 0, fibseries: [ 1, 1 ] }