9. SpringMVC-RESTful案例
RESTful案例
- 一、准备工作
-
- 1. 搭建环境
- 2. 准备实体类
- 二、功能清单
- 三、具体功能：访问首页
-
- 1. 配置view-controller
- 2. 创建页面
- 四、具体功能：查询所有员工数据
-
- 1. 控制器方法
- 2. 创建employee_list.html
- 五、具体功能：删除
-
- 1. 创建处理delete请求方式的表单
- 2. 删除超链接绑定点击事件
- 3. 控制器方法
- 4. 开放对静态资源的访问
- 六、具体功能：跳转到添加数据页面
-
- 1. 配置view-controller
- 2. 创建employee_add.html
- 3. 控制器方法-执行保存
- 七、具体功能：跳转到更新数据页面
-
- 1. 修改超链接
- 2. 控制器方法
- 3. 创建employee_update.html
- 4. 执行更新
一、准备工作
1. 搭建环境
- 创建maven工程，
- 配置依赖 pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.znb.mvcgroupId>
<artifactId>SpringMvc_restartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>warpackaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>15maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>15maven.compiler.target>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>5.3.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
<artifactId>logback-classicartifactId>
<version>1.2.3version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
<version>3.1.0version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleafgroupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5artifactId>
<version>3.0.12.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
- 添加webapp模块
- 配置web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encodingparam-name>
<param-value>UTF-8param-value>
init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceResponseEncodingparam-name>
<param-value>trueparam-value>
init-param>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
<url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-class>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-name>
<url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xmlparam-value>
init-param>
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/url-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
web-app>
- 在resources中创建springMVC.xml配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.znb.rest">context:component-scan>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
bean>
property>
bean>
property>
bean>
beans>
2. 准备实体类
- 创建实体类Employee
package com.znb.rest.bean;
public class Employee {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
//1 male, 0 female
private Integer gender;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.email = email;
this.gender = gender;
}
public Employee() {
}
}
- 创建EmployeeDao
package com.znb.rest.dao;
import com.znb.rest.bean.Employee;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {
private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
static{
employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "[email protected]", 1));
employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "[email protected]", 1));
employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "[email protected]", 0));
employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "[email protected]", 0));
employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "[email protected]", 1));
}
private static Integer initId = 1006;
public void save(Employee employee){
if(employee.getId() == null){
employee.setId(initId++);
}
employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
}
public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
return employees.values();
}
public Employee get(Integer id){
return employees.get(id);
}
public void delete(Integer id){
employees.remove(id);
}
}
二、功能清单
| 功能 | URL 地址 | 请求方式 |
|---|---|---|
| 访问首页√ | / | GET |
| 查询全部数据√ | /employee | GET |
| 删除√ | /employee/2 | DELETE |
| 跳转到添加数据页面√ | /toAdd | GET |
| 执行保存√ | /employee | POST |
| 跳转到更新数据页面√ | /employee/2 | GET |
| 执行更新√ | /employee | PUT |
三、具体功能：访问首页
1. 配置view-controller
在springMVC.xml中添加
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index">mvc:view-controller>
<mvc:annotation-driven>mvc:annotation-driven>
2. 创建页面
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页title>
head>
<body>
<h1>首页h1>
<a th:href="@{/employee}">查看员工信息a>
body>
html>
四、具体功能：查询所有员工数据
1. 控制器方法
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee" ,method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getEmployee(Model model){
Collection<Employee> employeeList = employeeDao.getAll();
model.addAttribute("employeeList",employeeList);
return "employee_list";
}
2. 创建employee_list.html
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>员工表title>
head>
<body>
<table id="dataTable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align: center">
<tr>
<th colspan="5">Employee Infoth>
tr>
<tr>
<th>idth>
<th>lastnameth>
<th>emailth>
<th>genderth>
<th>options(<a th:href="@{/toAdd}">adda>)th>
tr>
<tr th:each="employee : ${employeeList}">
<td th:text="${employee.id}">td>
<td th:text="${employee.lastName}">td>
<td th:text="${employee.email}">td>
<td th:text="${employee.gender}">td>
<td>
<a href="">deletea>
<a href="">updatea>
td>
tr>
table>
body>
html>
五、具体功能：删除
1. 创建处理delete请求方式的表单
<form id="deleteForm" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
form>
2. 删除超链接绑定点击事件
- 引入vue.js
<script th:src="@{static/js/vue.js}">script>
- 删除方法的超链接
<a @click="deleteEmployee" th:href="@{/employee/} + ${employee.id}">deletea>
- 通过vue处理点击事件
<script>
let vue = new Vue({
el:"#dataTable",
methods:{
deleteEmployee:function (event){
//根据id获取表单元素
let deleteform = document.getElementById("deleteForm");
deleteform.action = event.target.href
//提交表单
deleteform.submit();
//取消超链接的默认行为
event.preventDefault();
}
}
});
script>
3. 控制器方法
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
employeeDao.delete(id);
//重定向
return "redirect:/employee";
}
4. 开放对静态资源的访问
在springMVC中添加-开放对静态资源的访问
<mvc:default-servlet-handler>mvc:default-servlet-handler>
六、具体功能：跳转到添加数据页面
1. 配置view-controller
<mvc:view-controller path="/toAdd" view-name="employee_add">mvc:view-controller>
2. 创建employee_add.html
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>add employeetitle>
head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
lastname: <input type="text" name="lastName"><br>
email: <input type="text" name="email"><br>
gender: <input type="radio" name="gender" value="1">male <input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">female<br>
<input type="submit">
form>
body>
html>
3. 控制器方法-执行保存
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String addEmployee(Employee employee){
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/employee";
}
七、具体功能：跳转到更新数据页面
1. 修改超链接
<a th:href="@{/employee/}+${employee.id}">updatea>
2. 控制器方法
根据id查询信息的方法
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getEmployeeById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Model model){
Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
model.addAttribute("employee", employee);
return "employee_update";
}
3. 创建employee_update.html
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>update employeetitle>
head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
<input type="hidden" th:value="${employee.id}" name="id">
lastname: <input type="text" name="lastName" th:value="${employee.lastName}"><br>
email: <input type="text" name="email" th:value="${employee.email}"><br>
gender: <input type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:field="${employee.gender}">male<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:field="${employee.gender}">female<br>
<input type="submit" value="update">
form>
body>
html>
4. 执行更新
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee" ,method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public String updateEmployee(Employee employee){
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/employee";
}