MM_库存管理

库存管理

类型:收货、发货、转储;

预留

特殊库存(如O 供应商委外库存; K 供应商寄售库存)

物料凭证:有价值变化时同时还要产生财务凭证

评估范围:Valuation Area,公司代码/工厂(通常都是工厂级别)

评估类:Valuation Class

价格控制:V、S

收货:

1、P.O.收货

2、生产订单(工单)收货

3、无采购订单/无生产订单收货

4、货物移动收货

收货的几种状态:

1.收货至库存:非限制、质检、冻结

2.收货至消耗(无库存物料):成本中心、项目、其他

3.条件接收:GR冻结

ME2L/M/N查看P.O.历史记录

“Selection Parameters”输入WE101,查看未收完的P.O.(Open goods receipt);

P.O.的收货:MIGO ,A01:Goods Receipt/R01:Purchase Order;MVT:101


(i)Unlimited:打勾表示收货时,数量没有tolerance限制,不论订单订多少量,收货量不受其影响;Tolerance由后台的Purchase Value Key的配置决定;

(ii)Goods Receipt:在一揽子采购(FO)中默认不打勾;

(iii)GR Non-Valuated:打勾表示收货时不做财务凭证,后台物料类型,双击配置是否为数量更新及价值更新,若不做价值更新,此处自动打勾;

(iv)Delivery Completed:当收货完成时会自动打勾;

(v)收货完成后,Item Detail会自动增加P.O. history;

(2)若P.O.启用了Order Confirmation的Inbound Delivery功能,采购订单收货就要参考内向交货单(Inbound Delivery)收货

(3)MIGO中的Stock Type:非限制库存(UU)、质检库存、冻结库存;收货后对应MMBE也不同;

MM01 Purchasing视图,若“Posting to inspectionstock”打勾,决定了ME21N时P.O. Item Detail的Delivery下的Stock Type自动选择“to Quality Inspiration”;

而MIGO自动收入质检状态参考的是P.O.上“Stocky Type”的设置;

若Purchasing视图下未设置质检库存,而在MIGO时手动设为收入质检库存,那么MMBE同样收入质检;

(4)GR Block Stock:103+105

MIGO,区别于101,103先收到Block Stock(与上述stock type中的冻结库存状态不是一个概念);A01 Goods Receipt/R01 Purchase Order/GR Goods receipt:103;

不用填Storage Location,不认为103将物料收到自己的库内;此时ME22N查看Purchase Order History,显示无财务凭证

收货选择A05 Release GR Block/R02 Material Document,自动导入103的收货凭证、105的移动类型(也可以选择A01/R01/105)

(5)计划协议S.A.收货(不能提前收货):A01 Goods Receipt/R01 Purchase Order(输入的是S.A.号)

2.工单收货:

自己做好的成品/半成品进行收货:MIGO,A01 Goods Receipt/R08 Order

3.无采购订单、无生产订单的收货:

初始入库561、无采购订单、无生产订单、副产品入库(比如化学行业副产品531)、免费货物、客户退货等

无采购订单收货至UU库存:A01 Goods Receipt/R10 Other/MVT 501

退货:

1、参考采购订单退货(收货的反向操作,用于入库错误,全部冲销操作:102,104+106分别对应101,103+105);

移动类型+1的反向操作(可能输错等原因需要冲销整笔收货业务)

2、参考收货物料凭证退货(退货操作,A02/R02/Material Document填收货凭证,之前操作101/105对应122的退货方式;103对应124的退货方式);区别于业务上也有退货的概念:收货之中部分或全部物料不合格、过期、破损等原因需要做退货处理;

实际很少这样做

3、退货采购订单(无法指定当初哪一个收货记录时)

退货时,无从知晓相应的P.O.号,那么在ME21N建一张针对该物料的退货P.O.(打上Return Item标记

MIGO,A01,填写P.O.号,自动决定出移动类型161

通过装运交货单退货(与SD衔接)

后续交货

对之前Return掉一部分库存的物料,进行后续再入库

MIGO,A06 Subsequent Delivery/R02 Material Document(填之前退货122的物料凭证号

3、退货采购订单:ME21N,填入退货数量、打上Return Item标记


发货:

MIGO,A07 Goods Issue 发货类型:成本中心、资产类、销售、生产订单、抽样、报废

另外的发货类型根据实际项目过程中各种自定义

201 发货至成本中心:A07 Goods Issue/R10 Other/MVT:201

221:项目的领料消耗(输项目号);

231:销售订单的领料消耗;

241:资产的领用消耗;

261:工单的领用消耗

331从质检库存发料做抽样

333从非限制库存发料做抽样

335从冻结(block)库存发料做抽样

551非限制库存里发料报废

553质检库存里发料报废

555冻结库存里发料报废

预留

预计未来的某个时点对材料进行领用

(1)自动产生,比如工单的预留261

(2)手工产生,比如MB21/22/23/25:预留单的建/改/查/清单

MB21,建预留单

Base Date:基准日期;预留给成本中心:MVT选择201


Requirement Date:预留单的物料需求日期


MIGO,对该预留单发料 A07 Goods Issue/R09 Reservation/填入预留单号/MVT:预留单的MVT,此处发料至成本中心

特殊库存类型

供应商委外和寄售分单独章节

O库存(提供给委外供应商库存)自有库存

K库存(供应商寄售库存)供应商库存

Pipeline 管道 SAP是指水,电, 石油这些物料并不在你的库存中,但是你可以任意时刻使用。

系统提供了一种物料类型为PIPE的物料。

这类物料没有计划,没有库存管理,可以在工单上反冲消耗计算入工单成本,可以使用201 成本中心消耗 261 工单消耗 281 项目消耗

但是实际项目实施中可以通过作为工作中心的成本参数去收集成本

1)维护一个PIPE的采购信息记录


2) 201 P 消耗20PC


3) MRKO结算


还有几种特殊的库存:

客户寄售 W 具体客户寄售流程到SD章节 自有库存

可退回包装 V  自有库存

退回供应商包装 M  供应商库存

SO库存 E库存 和项目WBS库存 Q库存

对于SO库存和WBS库存,可以是non-valuated 或者valuated  如果是valuated, 那么货物移动会立刻反应到财务模块,如果是non valuated, 

只会到结算时才会反应到财务。

Appedix--- Movement types

(1) Initial entry of stock balances

post to unrestricted-use stock --------------------------------561

post to quality inspection ------------------------------------563

post to blocked stock -----------------------------------------565

(2) GR without PO

post to unrestricted-use stock --------------------------------501

post to quality inspection ------------------------------------503

post to blocked stock -----------------------------------------505

(3) GR without production order

post to unrestricted-use stock --------------------------------521

post to quality inspection ------------------------------------523

post to blocked stock -----------------------------------------525

(4) GR delivery free of charge --------------------------------511

(5) GR with PO or production order ----------------------------101

(6) GR blocked stock ------------------------------------------103

(7) Release GR blocked stock ----------------------------------105

(8) Return delivery ---------------------(122 for 101; 124 for 103)

(9) Stock-to-stock transfer posting

unrestricted-use stock to quality inspection stock-------------322

quality inspection to unrestricted-use-------------------------321

quality inspection to blocked ---------------------------------350

blocked to quality inspection----------------------------------349

blocked to unrestricted-use------------------------------------343

unrestricted-use to blocked------------------------------------344

(10) Material-to-material tranfer posting----------------------309

(11) Stock transfer between locations in one step procedure

unrestricted stock to unrestricted stock-----------------------311

quality inspection to quality inspection-----------------------323

blocked stock to blocked stock---------------------------------325

(12) Stock transfer between locations in two step procedure

unrestricted stock in issue location to in transfer------------313

in transfer to unrestricted stock in receive location----------315

(13) Stock transfer between plants

one-step procedure---------------------------------------------------301

two-step procedure-------------------------------------------303 and 305

GI reference stock transport order entered in the issue plant--------351

GR reference stock transport order entered in the receive plant------101

(14) GI for sampling

from quality inspection stock----------------------------------331

from unrestricted stock----------------------------------------333

from blocked stock---------------------------------------------335

(15) GI for scrapping

from unrestricted stock----------------------------------------551

from quality inspection stock----------------------------------553

from blocked stock---------------------------------------------555

(16) GI for consumption

for cost center------------------------------------------------201

for project----------------------------------------------------221

for assert-----------------------------------------------------241

(17) GI for order----------------------------------------------261

(18) Subcontracting

transfer posting to stock with subcontractor from unrestricted stock----541

goods receipt for SC order(GR for produced product---101;GI for consumped components--543)

(19) Transfer consignment stock into own stock-----------------411

你可能感兴趣的:(MM_库存管理)