oracle有比较函数吗,SQL Server和Oracle的常用函数比较

---------数学函数 ---------------

1.绝对值

S:select abs(-1) value

O:select abs(-1) value from dual

2.取整(大)

S:select ceiling(-1.001) value

O:select ceil(-1.001) value from dual

3.取整(小)

S:select floor(-1.001) value

O:select floor(-1.001) value from dual

4.取整(截取)

S:select cast(-1.002 as int) value

O:select trunc(-1.002) value from dual

5.四舍五入

S:select round(1.23456,4) value                       1.23460

O:select round(1.23456,4) value from dual             1.2346

6.e为底的幂

S:select Exp(1) value                                 2.7182818284590451

O:select Exp(1) value from dual                       2.71828182

7.取e为底的对数

S:select log(2.7182818284590451) value                1

O:select ln(2.7182818284590451) value from dual;      1

8.取10为底对数

S:select log10(10) value                              1

O:select log(10,10) value from dual;                  1

9.取平方

S:select SQUARE(4) value                              16

O:select power(4,2) value from dual                   16

10.取平方根

S:select SQRT(4) value                                2

O:select SQRT(4) value from dual                      2

11.求任意数为底的幂

S:select power(3,4) value                             81

O:select power(3,4) value from dual                   81

12.取随机数

S:select rand() value

O:select sys.dbms_random.value(0,1) value from dual;

13.取符号

S:select sign(-8) value                               -1

O:select sign(-8) value from dual                     -1

----------三角函数相关----------------------

14.圆周率

S:SELECT PI() value                           3.1415926535897931

O:SELECT ACOS(-1)from dual                    3.1415926535897932384626433832795028842

15.sin,cos,tan 参数都以弧度为单位

S:SELECT sin() value

O:SELECT sin() value from dual

16.Asin,Acos,Atan,Atan2 参数都以弧度为单位

S:SELECT Asin() value

O:SELECT Asin() value from dual

17.弧度角度互换

S:DEGREES:弧度-〉角度    RADIANS:角度-〉弧度

O:没有提供内建的弧度和角度的转换函数。

---------数值间比较---------------------

18. 求集合最大值

S:select max(value) value from

(select 1 value

union

select -2 value

union

select 4 value

union

select 3 value)a

O:select greatest(1,-2,4,3) value from dual

19. 求集合最小值

S:select min(value) value from

(select 1 value

union

select -2 value

union

select 4 value

union

select 3 value)a

O:select least(1,-2,4,3) value from dual

20.如何处理null值(F2中的null以10代替)

S:select F1,IsNull(F2,10) value from Tbl

O:select F1,nvl(F2,10) value from Tbl

--------字符串函数----------------------------

21.求字符序号

S:select ascii('a') value

O:select ascii('a') value from dual

22.从序号求字符

S:select char(97) value

O:select chr(97) value from dual

23.连接

S:select '11'+'22'+'33' value

O:select CONCAT('11','22')||33 value from dual

23.子串位置

S:select CHARINDEX('s','sdsq',2) value

CHARINDEX(源字符串, 目标字符串, 起始位置)

O:select INSTR('sdsq','s',2) value from dual

INSTR(源字符串, 目标字符串, 起始位置, 匹配序号)

23.模糊子串的位置 --返回2,参数去掉中间%则返回7

S:select patindex('%d%q%','sdsfasdqe') value

PATINDEX(%[a,z,0-9]%[a,z,0-9]%[a,z,0-9]%,xyzabc123)

PATINDEX(源字符串, 目标字符串)

O:oracle无

24.求子串

S:select substring('abcd',2,2) value

O:select substr('abcd',2,2) value from dual

25.子串代替           返回aijklmnef

S:SELECT STUFF('abcdef', 2, 3, 'ijklmn') value

O:SELECT Replace('abcdef', 'bcd', 'ijklmn') value from dual

26.子串全部替换

S:Replace

O:select translate('fasdbfasegas','fa','FA' ) value from dual       FAsdbFAsegAs

27.长度

S:len,datalength

O:length

28.大小写转换 lower,upper

29.单词首字母大写

S:无

O:select INITCAP('abcd dsaf df') value from dual                    Abcd Dsaf Df

30.左补空格(LPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)

S:select space(10)+'abcd' value

O:select LPAD('abcd',14) value from dual

LPAD(字符串,补齐空格后字符串的总长度)

31.右补空格(RPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)

S:select 'abcd'+space(10) value

O:select RPAD('abcd',14) value from dual

RPAD(字符串,补齐空格后字符串的总长度)

32.删除空格

S:ltrim,rtrim,replace(字符串,' ','')

O:ltrim,rtrim,trim

33.字符串重复N次

S:select REPLICATE('abcd',2) value

O:没发现

34.发音相似性比较(这两个单词返回值一样,发音相同)

S:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe')

O:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe') from dual

SQLServer中用SELECT DIFFERENCE('Smithers', 'Smythers') 比较soundex的差

并评估它们之间的相似性,返回0-4,其中 4 表示匹配性最高

--------------日期函数------------------------------------

35.系统时间

S:select getdate() value                         2009-12-23 10:58:43.523

O:select sysdate value from dual                 23.12.2009 10:59:23

36.前后几日

直接与整数相加减

37.求日期

S:select convert(char(10),getdate(),20) value              2009-12-23

O:select trunc(sysdate) value from dual                    23.12.2009 00:00:00

select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') value from dual     2009-12-23

38.求时间

S:select convert(char(8),getdate(),108) value

O:select to_char(sysdate,'hh24:mm:ss') value from dual

39.取日期时间的其他部分

S:DATEPART 和 DATENAME 函数 (第一个参数决定)

O:to_char函数 第二个参数决定

参数---------------------------------下表需要补充

year yy, yyyy

quarter qq, q (季度)

month mm, m (m O无效)

dayofyear dy, y (O表星期)

day dd, d (d O无效)

week wk, ww (wk O无效)

weekday dw (O不清楚)

Hour hh,hh12,hh24 (hh12,hh24 S无效)

minute mi, n (n O无效)

second ss, s (s O无效)

millisecond ms (O无效)

----------------------------------------------

40.当月最后一天

S:不知道

O:select LAST_DAY(sysdate) value from dual

41.本星期的某一天(比如星期日)

S:不知道

O:SELECT Next_day(sysdate,7) vaule FROM dual;

42.字符串转时间

S:可以直接转或者select cast('2004-09-08'as datetime) value

O:SELECT To_date('2004-01-05 22:09:38','yyyy-mm-dd hh24-mi-ss') vaule FROM DUAL;

43.求两日期某一部分的差(比如秒)

S:select datediff(ss,getdate(),getdate()+12.3) value

O:直接用两个日期相减(比如d1-d2=12.3)

SELECT (d1-d2)*24*60*60 vaule FROM DUAL;

44.根据差值求新的日期(比如分钟)

S:select dateadd(mi,8,getdate()) value

O:SELECT sysdate+8/60/24 vaule FROM DUAL;

45.求不同时区时间

S:不知道

O:SELECT New_time(sysdate,'ydt','gmt' ) vaule FROM DUAL;

-----时区参数,北京在东8区应该是Ydt-----------------------

AST ADT 大西洋标准时间

BST BDT 白令海标准时间

CST CDT 中部标准时间

EST EDT 东部标准时间

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