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参考步骤
1. 使用vim编辑器打开/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml文件，它的初始内容如下：
<configuration>
</configuration>
修改以后，core-site.xml文件的内容如下：
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000
</property>
</configuration>
2. 同样，需要修改配置文件hdfs-site.xml，修改后的内容如下：
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data</value>
</property>
</configuration>
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_162
export JRE_HOME= J A V A H O M E / j r e e x p o r t C L A S S P A T H = . : {JAVA_HOME}/jre export CLASSPATH=.: JAVAHOME/jreexportCLASSPATH=.:{JAVA_HOME}/lib: J R E H O M E / l i b e x p o r t P A T H = {JRE_HOME}/lib export PATH= JREHOME/libexportPATH={JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH