K8s -- DaemonSet

一个DaemonSet对象能确保其创建的Pod在集群中的每一台(或指定)Node上都运行一个副本。如果集群中动态加入了新的Node,DaemonSet中的Pod也会被添加在新加入Node上运行。删除一个DaemonSet也会级联删除所有其创建的Pod。下面是一些典型的DaemonSet的使用场景:

  • 在每台节点上运行一个集群存储服务,例如运行glusterd,ceph。
  • 在每台节点上运行一个日志收集服务,例如fluentd,logstash。
  • 在每台节点上运行一个节点监控服务,例如Prometheus Node Exporter, collectd, Datadog agent, New Relic agent, 或Ganglia gmond

1. 创建一个DaemonSet对象

下面的描述文件创建了一个运行着fluentd-elasticsearch镜像的DaemonSet对象:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: k8s.gcr.io/fluentd-elasticsearch:1.20
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
        - name: varlibdockercontainers
          mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers
          readOnly: true
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log
      - name: varlibdockercontainers
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/docker/containers

在Kubernetes 1.8之后,必须指定.spec.selector来确定这个DaemonSet对象管理的Pod,通常与.spec.template.metadata.labels中定义的Pod的label一致。

通过指定.spec.template.spec.nodeSelector.spec.template.spec.affinity,DaemonSet Controller会将Pod创建在特定的Node上。更过关于NodeSelector和NodeAffinity的知识,请参考:https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#node-affinity-beta-feature

Daemon Pods的调度特性

默认情况下,Pod被分配到具体哪一台Node上运行是由Scheduler(负责分配调度Pod到集群内的Node上,它通过监听ApiServer,查询还未分配Node的Pod,然后根据调度策略为这些Pod分配Node)决定的。但是,DaemonSet对象创建的Pod却拥有一些特殊的特性:

  • Node的 unschedulable属性会被DaemonSet Controller忽略。
  • 即使Scheduler还未启动,DaemonSet Controller也能够创建并运行Pod。

Daemon Pods支持taints and tolerations, 但是这些Pods在创建时就默认容忍下列effect为NoExecute的taints(未设置tolerationSeconds):

Toleration Key Effect Version Description
node.kubernetes.io/not-ready NoExecute 1.13+ DaemonSet pods will not be evicted when there are node problems such as a network partition.
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable NoExecute 1.13+ DaemonSet pods will not be evicted when there are node problems such as a network partition.
node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure NoSchedule 1.8+ ...
node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure NoSchedule 1.8+ ...
node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable NoSchedule 1.12+ DaemonSet pods tolerate unschedulable attributes by default scheduler.
node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable NoSchedule 1.12+ DaemonSet pods, who uses host network, tolerate network-unavailable attributes by default scheduler.

参考文章

  • https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/

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