QT C++调用python传递RGB图像和三维数组，并接受python返回值(图像)
目的：
用QT调用python代码，将QT读取的图像(Qimage)作为参数传入python中，将QT的三维数组作为参数传递给python，python接收QT传入的图像进行计算，将结果返回给QT并显示。
一 .pro 头文件的配置，和lib库的配置
INCLUDEPATH += \
-I D:\tools\python3_9\include
INCLUDEPATH += \
-I D:\tools\python3_9\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include
LIBS += \
-L D:\tools\python3_9\libs -lpython39二。系统环境变量的配置 在path添加 python环境 D:/tools/python3_9
三，python环境的初始化
//加入python环境
1. Py_SetPythonHome(L"D:/tools/python3_9");
2. 类似于先连接上Python Py_Initialize();
3. 注意使用这个 import_array1(); 用于后边numpy数组的调用， import_array();会报无返回值的错误。
其他看代码注释
void MainForm::init_python()
{
//加入python
Py_SetPythonHome(L"D:/tools/python3_9");
// 1. 类似于先连接上Python
Py_Initialize();
import_array1();
if (!Py_IsInitialized()) {
qDebug() << "Fail to init Python.";
}
// 2. 加入python文件的路径
PyRun_SimpleString("import os");
PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
std::string path = "sys.path.append('E:/DigitalScreen/StuEmo/realtime_detect')";
PyRun_SimpleString(&path[0]);
PyRun_SimpleString("print(sys.path)");
// 3. 找到要用的python文件
PyObject * pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("capture_xjh");
if (pModule == NULL) {
qDebug() <<"Fail to load Python module (capture_xjh.py)";
}
// 1. 找到Python的类
PyObject* pDict = PyModule_GetDict(pModule);
if(!pDict) {
qDebug() << "Cant find dictionary.";
}
Py_DECREF(pModule);
PyObject* pClassCalc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "RtDetector");
if (!pClassCalc) {
qDebug() << "Cant find PythonClass class.";
}
Py_DECREF(pDict);
// 2. 初始化对象
PyObject* pConstruct = PyInstanceMethod_New(pClassCalc);
if (!pConstruct) {
qDebug() << "Cant find PythonClass constructor.";
}
Py_DECREF(pClassCalc);
PyObject* cons_args = PyTuple_New(5);
PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 0, Py_BuildValue("s", "group1"));
PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 1, Py_BuildValue("s", "E:/DigitalScreen/StuEmo/GROUP_DATA/"));
PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 2, Py_BuildValue("s", "E:/DigitalScreen/StuEmo/weights/detr_face_body.pt"));
PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 3, Py_BuildValue("s", "E:/DigitalScreen/StuEmo/realtime_detect/Person_reID/model/ft_ResNet50/net_last.pth"));
PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 4, Py_BuildValue("O", Py_True));
pInstance = PyObject_CallObject(pConstruct, cons_args);
if (!pInstance) {
qDebug() << "Cant construct instance.";
}
Py_DECREF(cons_args);
Py_DECREF(pConstruct);
// PyObject* methods = PyObject_Dir(pInstance);
// if (methods) {
// // 遍历返回的方法列表
// for (Py_ssize_t i = 0; i < PyList_GET_SIZE(methods); ++i) {
// PyObject* method = PyList_GET_ITEM(methods, i);
// const char* methodName = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(method);
// qDebug() << "Method Name:" << methodName;
// }
// Py_DECREF(methods);
// } else {
// qDebug() << "Failed to get methods of the instance.";
// }
//测试
// PyObject* pRet =PyObject_CallMethod(pInstance,"addTest1","ii",5,6);
// if (!pRet) {
// qDebug() << "Cant addTest.";
// }
// else{
// double ret = PyFloat_AsDouble(pRet);
// qDebug() << "sum: " << ret;
// }
// Py_DECREF(pRet);
//通过图片检测
QImage qImage ("E:/DigitalScreen/StuEmo/images/1.png");
UsePythonface( qImage);
}四，Qimage 转换到numpy数组的使用
Qimage 传入的是QImage::Format_RGB888格式图片，通过
for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
{
QRgb pixel = qImage.pixel( j,i);
CArrays[index++] = qRed(pixel);
CArrays[index++] = qGreen(pixel);
CArrays[index++] = qBlue(pixel);
}
}转换为一维数组CArrays
// 创建 NumPy 数组 通过CArrays转换而来
npy_intp dims[3] = { height, width, 3 }; // 图像是RGB格式的
PyObject* imageArray = PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(3, dims, NPY_UINT8, (void*)CArrays);
返回值又通过 mempcpy(CArrays,PyArray_DATA(imageData),width*height*3);
再生成 QImage img((unsigned char*)CArrays, width, height, QImage::Format_RGB888);
调用 disp_image( img);显示图像
void MainForm::UsePythonface( QImage qImage)
{
if(!qImage.isNull())
{
int width = qImage.width();
int height = qImage.height();
unsigned char *CArrays = (unsigned char*)malloc(sizeof(unsigned char) * width*height*3);
qDebug()<<"qImage.width()"<