功能描述:
对于含有多个要素的矢量文件shp、栅格影像raster,按照shp中的各要素范围,逐个对raster进行提取,并保存到文件夹中
效果如图所示:
主要思路:
1)获取矢量图层、栅格图层
2)遍历矢量图层中的要素
3)按要素裁剪栅格(有
Spatial Analysis-ExtractByMask
;
Clip_management
两种方法)
代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/1/8 15:04
# @Author : Zhao HL
# @File : extract by mask.py
import arcpy
import os,time
shp_path = r'E:\rs\sample_extent.shp'
img_path = r'E:\rs\m08.tif'
save_path = r'E:\rs\test'
arcpy.CheckOutExtension("Spatial")
def clear_folder(root_path):
'''
clear all files in root_path(include files in subfolders, but not folders)
:param root_path:
:return:
'''
files_list = os.listdir(root_path)
for f in files_list:
file_path = os.path.join(root_path,f)
if os.path.isdir(file_path):
clear_folder(file_path)
else:
os.remove(file_path)
print('clear ' + root_path)
def clip_img(in_raster, clip_shp, workspace):
'''
according to features in the Shp, extract the raters one by one;
all result rasters are saved at wordspace according to the FID field in Shp
:param in_raster:
:param clip_shp:
:param workspace:
:return:
'''
if arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0) != '':
in_raster = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)
if arcpy.GetParameterAsText(1) != '':
clip_shp = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(1)
if arcpy.GetParameterAsText(2) != '':
workspace = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(3)
clear_folder(workspace)
arcpy.env.workspace = workspace
t1 = time.time()
for row in arcpy.SearchCursor(clip_shp):
mask = row.getValue("Shape")
FID = int(row.getValue("FID"))
FID_name = str(FID).zfill(5)+'.tif'
img_8_path = os.path.join(workspace, FID_name)
#region method 1: slow but steady
# mask_raster = arcpy.sa.ExtractByMask(in_raster, mask)
# arcpy.CopyRaster_management(mask_raster,
# img_8_path,
# "DEFAULTS", "0", "9",
# "", "", "8_BIT_UNSIGNED")
#endregion
#region method 2: fast but probably get null result
arcpy.Clip_management(in_raster, '#', img_8_path, mask, 0, "ClippingGeometry")
# endregion
t2 = time.time() - t1
arcpy.AddMessage (FID_name+ ' is generated successfully, total time:'+str(round(t2,2)))
if __name__ == "__main__":
pass
clip_img(img_path, shp_path, save_path)
实施细节:
1)裁剪出的文件名可以与已有文件重复,考虑到可能多次裁剪重复试验,
因此调用clear_folder函数清除保留路径下的所有文件(根据情况自行使用)
2)
Clip_management
可能出现空结果(可能是路径等问题),但比
ExtractByMask
快数倍
因此建议调试成功后使用Clip_management 方法
3)在arcmap中添加脚本
右击my toolbox-new-tool box,新建工具箱
右击新建的工具箱-add-script;第一页设置默认;第二页设置在script file中选择python脚本文件、其余默认;第三页可以设置输入参数,可以跳过,进行默认参数训练,也可以按照4)进行设置。
4)输入参数设置
可以直接在脚本中修改,在arcmap中跳过、不设置参数。
也可以在arcmap中按下图将3个参数均设置为可选选项,方便重复使用