CocoaPods的安装和遇到的问题

温馨提示： 如果在安装中 切换网络 依然出现curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Connection refused 可参考这篇文章
主要步骤: 前往文件夹 输入 /etc 找到hosts 文件 ，拷贝出来，在里面添加 文章中的几行代码， 保存之后 再替换etc中的hosts

准备环境

1、安装/升级RVM

1.1 确定是否存在RVM

输入 rvm -v, 查看命令执行是否成功。
如果输出-bash: rvm: command not found 表示RVM不存在，需要安装。

如果输出rvm 1.29.10 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io] 表示RVM存在，可以进行下一步。

1.2 安装RVM

如果RVM不存在，需要重新安装。
输入命令curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable或者curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
会自动开始下载。

macdeiMac:~ mac$ curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   194  100   194    0     0     24      0  0:00:08  0:00:08 --:--:--    44
.....
  * To start using RVM you need to run `source /Users/mac/.rvm/scripts/rvm`
    in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.
Thanks for installing RVM 
Please consider donating to our open collective to help us maintain RVM.

  Donate: https://opencollective.com/rvm/donate

出现提示之后，表示下载完成，按照提示，要执行source ~/.rvm/scripts/rvm来安装。
执行rvm -v 来确定是否安装成功。正确输出，表示安装成功。

1.3 升级RVM

当有新版本的RVM时，想升级了，输入和安装一样的命令：curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable或者curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

Upgrade of RVM in /Users/jasonOs/.rvm/ is complete.

Thanks for installing RVM 
Please consider donating to our open collective to help us maintain RVM.

查看版本rvm -v时，有提示

Please open a new shell or run one of the following commands:

    rvm reload
    echo rvm_auto_reload_flag=1 >> ~/.rvmrc # OR for auto reload with msg
    echo rvm_auto_reload_flag=2 >> ~/.rvmrc # OR for silent auto reload

按照提示需要输入某一个命令 ，此时控制台输入rvm reload

1.4 gem 升级

sudo gem update --system

如果报“无权限”，使用
sudo gem update -n /usr/local/bin --system

2、安装 brew

1.1 确定是否存在brew

输入brew -v,
如果输出-bash: brew: command not found 则没有安装，需要安装。

如果输出brew ..... 表示brew存在，可以进行下一步。

1.2 安装brew

• 官方 --- - ⚠️ 不建议尝试
  输入 /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)" 。等待自动下载。
  如果出现curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Connection refused 表示网络环境有问题，可以切换不同的网络试试

• 镜像方式 强烈推荐 NB的飞起
  简单五步安装brew

3、升级ruby

参考来源
其实此步骤一般来说是不需要的，因为本来系统自带的应该都是2.3.3（要求最低是2.2）已经满足安装cocoapod的要求了。

查看当前版本ruby - v

如果想升级版本，采用一下方法：

输入命令： brew install ruby

==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/ca-certificates-2022-10-11.all.bottle
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/openssl%401.1-1.1.1q.monterey.bottle.
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/readline-8.2.1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/ruby-3.1.2_1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Installing dependencies for ruby: ca-certificates, [email protected] and readline
==> Installing ruby dependency: ca-certificates
==> Pouring ca-certificates-2022-10-11.all.bottle.tar.gz
==> Regenerating CA certificate bundle from keychain, this may take a while...
  /usr/local/Cellar/ca-certificates/2022-10-11: 3 files, 225.4KB
==> Installing ruby dependency: [email protected]
==> Pouring [email protected]
  /usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/1.1.1q: 8,097 files, 18.5MB
==> Installing ruby dependency: readline
==> Pouring readline-8.2.1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
  /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.2.1: 50 files, 1.7MB
==> Installing ruby
==> Pouring ruby-3.1.2_1.monterey.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
By default, binaries installed by gem will be placed into:
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/bin

You may want to add this to your PATH.

ruby is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

If you need to have ruby first in your PATH, run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

For compilers to find ruby you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"

==> Summary
  /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/3.1.2_1: 15,996 files, 41MB
==> Running `brew cleanup ruby`...
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
==> Caveats
==> ruby
By default, binaries installed by gem will be placed into:
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/3.1.0/bin

You may want to add this to your PATH.

ruby is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

If you need to have ruby first in your PATH, run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

For compilers to find ruby you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/ruby/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/ruby/include"

安装升级后，再次查看版本，发现还是原来的版本，输入以下命令

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

2、安装CocoaPods

接下来就开始安装cocoapod了
这个步骤参考了这篇文章（但是这篇文章的最后 pod setup不成功）

步骤2、更换Ruby镜像

1、先看现在的镜像地址：
输入命令： gem sources -l
如果是

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://rubygems.org/

需要替换成国内的。如果本身就是国内的镜像，则不需要步骤2的操作

2、替换成国内镜像
先移除现在的镜像
终端输入：
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

然后替换成现在大中华地区可用的(taobao的那个镜像已经不好用了)
gem sources -a https://gems.ruby-china.com/

执行完之后查看是否替换成功
gem sources -l
输出结果

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://gems.ruby-china.org/

说明替换成功

3、镜像替换之后开始进行cocoapods安装

终端输入：
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods 或者sudo gem install cocoapods -n /usr/local/bin

如果出现权限问题
可更换命令：sudo gem install cocoapods --user-install

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::FilePermissionError)
    You don't have write permissions for the /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0 directory.

开始下载之后 会出现以下输出

Fetching: concurrent-ruby-1.0.5.gem (100%)
Successfully installed concurrent-ruby-1.0.5
Fetching: i18n-0.9.5.gem (100%)
Successfully installed i18n-0.9.5
...................//内容太长的省略
Fetching: cocoapods-1.4.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-1.4.0
Parsing documentation for concurrent-ruby-1.0.5
Installing ri documentation for concurrent-ruby-1.0.5
Parsing documentation for i18n-0.9.5
Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.9.5
...................//内容太长的省略
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.4.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.4.0
Done installing documentation for concurrent-ruby, i18n, thread_safe, tzinfo, activesupport, nap, fuzzy_match, cocoapods-core, claide, cocoapods-deintegrate, cocoapods-downloader, cocoapods-plugins, cocoapods-search, cocoapods-stats, netrc, cocoapods-trunk, cocoapods-try, molinillo, atomos, CFPropertyList, colored2, nanaimo, xcodeproj, escape, fourflusher, gh_inspector, ruby-macho, cocoapods after 31 seconds
28 gems installed

之后在执行
pod setup
输出

Setting up CocoaPods master repo
  $ /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git master --progress
  Cloning into 'master'...
  remote: Counting objects: 2038413, done.        
  remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6489/6489), done.        
  Receiving objects:  11% (239182/2038413), 47.75 MiB | 2.00 KiB/s

这是一个漫长的等待。。。

你没有看错，我的速度就是2、2、2 ...不过此时我的内心是平静的【大写的滑稽脸】

你可以command+n新建一个终端窗口，执行cd ~/.cocoapods/进入到该文件夹下，然后执行du -sh *来查看大小，每隔几分钟查看一次,他会告诉你，确实是有文件在往里面写【无聊脸】

等待了2个小时之后 见红了 。。。

[!] /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git master --progress

Cloning into 'master'...
remote: Counting objects: 2038413, done.        
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6489/6489), done.        
error: RPC failed; curl 18 transfer closed with outstanding read data remaining
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
fatal: early EOF
fatal: index-pack failed

我平静的内心依然毫无波澜。。。

在一个文章上找到了解决方案
1、卸载cocoapod（感觉这一步可以省略）
终端输入：
sudo gem uninstall cocoapods
这个时候需要输入电脑密码（请注意，输入密码不是显示，光标也不会动）输入密码之后
此时终端输出：

Remove executables:
    pod, sandbox-pod

in addition to the gem? [Yn]

需要你输入 ‘Y’ 按enter键
终端继续输出：

Removing pod
Removing sandbox-pod
Successfully uninstalled cocoapods-1.4.0

2、重装cocoapods
终端输入：
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods
终端输出：

Fetching: cocoapods-1.4.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cocoapods-1.4.0
Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.4.0
Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.4.0
Done installing documentation for cocoapods after 4 seconds
1 gem installed

终端输入
sudo chmod +rx /usr/local/bin
sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
pod setup

此时终端输出：

Setting up CocoaPods master repo
  $ /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git master --progress
  Cloning into 'master'...
  remote: Counting objects: 2038845, done.        
  remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6896/6896), done.        
  Receiving objects:  31% (648027/2038845), 111.18 MiB | 126.00 KiB/s  

此时的速度比刚才比，内心已经震精了。。。
上面的进度跑完之后会继续跑下面这行
Resolving deltas: 37% (423306/1144069)
跑完还会跑
Checking out files: 10% (22244/227244)
100%后就看到了期待已久的输出：

CocoaPods 1.5.0.beta.1 is available.
To update use: `sudo gem install cocoapods --pre`
[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information, see https://blog.cocoapods.org and the CHANGELOG for this version at https://github.com/CocoaPods/CocoaPods/releases/tag/1.5.0.beta.1

Setup completed

completed..............................................
此时我的内心汹涌澎湃。。。。。
最后全部安装完整之后 查看了文件大小 1.5G，不敢想象如果用2k的速度，得用多久， 之前也试过，进行pod setup跑了1天 大概到80%几，见红了。。。

Cloning spec repo cocoapods 卡住

cocoaPod安装完之后， 第一次进行pod install操作。可能会出现卡住不动或者的情况，只是由于cocoapPod安装好了， 但是必要的资源还没准备好，后台在默默的下载，具体大小，可根据git的api中的size查看

Cloning spec repo `cocoapods` from `https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git`
[!] Unable to add a source with url `https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git` named `cocoapods`.
You can try adding it manually in `/Users/98-elden/.cocoapods/repos` or via `pod repo add`.

解决办法：
1、去git仓库下载好资源，倒入本地文件夹下.cocoapods/repos/cocoapods/
解决方法来源

image.png

安装cocoapod之后，提示 gem executables will not run

https://www.jianshu.com/p/6f4f253bc254

2、换源
步骤1、更换国内的镜像, 清华的不错
解决方法来源

$ cd ~/.cocoapods/repos 
$ pod repo remove master
$ git clone https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/CocoaPods/Specs.git master

步骤2、项目中的podfile文件修改源地址：

source 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/CocoaPods/Specs.git'

更新时遇到警告

WARNING:  You don't have /Users/xxx/.local/share/gem/ruby/2.6.0/bin in your PATH,
      gem executables will not run.

解决方案：来源于stackoverflow

# 1、打开配置文件
open ~/.zshrc

# 2、在最后加以下2行：
export GEM_HOME="$(ruby -e 'puts Gem.user_dir')"
export PATH="$PATH:$GEM_HOME/bin"

# 3、重置资源
source ~/.zshrc

放弃了系统的ruby，用第三方代替

由于各种权限问题， 放弃了系统的ruby。安装了rbenv 参考这里安装

curl: (92) HTTP/2 stream 1 was not closed cleanly before end of the underlying stream

[!] Error installing MintegralAdSDK
[!] /usr/bin/curl -f -L -o /var/folders/2m/w24z1m4d1qd2dz_yy15lv6280000gn/T/d20231101-83686-mur3p2/file.zip https://github.com/Mintegral-official/MintegralAdSDK-iOS-new/releases/download/7.4.2/Mintegral_M_SDK.zip --create-dirs --netrc-optional --retry 2 -A 'CocoaPods/1.14.2 cocoapods-downloader/2.0'

  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:--  0:02:00 --:--:--     0
curl: (92) HTTP/2 stream 1 was not closed cleanly before end of the underlying stream

解决来源

git config --global http.version HTTP/1.1

使用 git 的时候发现一直提示 HTTP/2 stream 1 was not closed cleanly before end of the underlying stream。 通过排查发现，是 git 默认使用的通信协议出现了问题，可以通过将默认通信协议修改为 http/1.1 来解决该问题。