| 1、获取当前系统启动模式
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl get-default
multi-user.target
2、查看配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /usr/lib/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3 //命令行模式
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5 //图形界面模式
#
# To view current default target, run:
# systemctl get-default
#
# To set a default target, run:
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl set-default graphical.target //由命令行模式更改为图形界面模式
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl set-default multi-user.target //由图形界面模式更改为命令行模式
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl get-default
graphical.target
3、关闭防火墙
centos的防火墙是firewalld，关闭防火墙的命令
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
4、安装软件：
[root@localhost ~]# yum update
[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop" "X Window System" "Desktop"
[root@localhost ~]# yum install tigervnc-server tigervnc vnc vnc-server
5、配置vnc连接
[root@localhost ~]# cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
修改/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
找到这一行
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home//.vnc/%H%i.pid
这里直接用root 用户登录，所以我替换成
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
如果是其他用户的话比如eason替换如下
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l eason -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home/john/.vnc/%H%i.pid
由于直接root用户登录，所以配置如下：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
.........
[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
为VNC设密码（比如密码设置为123456）
[root@localhost ~]# vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n //注意表示"是否输入一个只能查看的密码，选择否",否则连接vnc会出现黑屏
A view-only password is not used
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
vnc_password = "123456"
vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"
6、重加载 systemd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
7、启动vnc
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
注意，此处关闭了防火墙
如果防火墙开了，需要开通一下规则：
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service vnc-server
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart firewalld.service
如果是iptable，则需要在/etc/sysconfig/iptables里添加：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5900:5903 -j ACCEPT
8、关闭vnc连接
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1
9、测试连接
也可以在本地windows机器上安装vnc viewer，远程访问
在windows下安装vnc客户端，
VNC远程连接信息（下面ip是VNC服务端的地址）：
VNC Server： 112.112.113.56:5901
Encrytion：Let VNC Server choose
然后输入vncpasswd的密码即可完成VNC远程连接！
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