linux centos安装google chrome浏览器使用headless无头模式 制作docker镜像

chromedriver 驱动下载地址：

https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/

linux centos安装google chrome浏览器使用headless无头模式

用java开发爬虫，或者需要java操作控制浏览器来渲染页面，抓取页面元素，都需要在linux安装google chrome浏览器，然后就可以通过chrome driver来连接操作chrome浏览器了，下面就介绍linux centos安装google chrome浏览器.

1.linux centos7安装 google chrome

下载google浏览器并安装

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
sudo yum install google-chrome-stable_current_*.rpm

一般这样是下载不到的，需要墙，你就只能墙后下载好了再上传再安装。

2.测试运行google chrome

# google-chrome --version
[14479:14479:0222/121214.627009:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(89)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.

报错了

是因为，不能使用root用户运行沙盒模式，

解决方法是新建用户再测试，linux新建用户参考：linux 添加用户 并添加文件权限

然后再测试

[test@localhost root]$ google-chrome --version
Google Chrome 80.0.3987.116 

3.linux 运行google chrome浏览器headless无头模式

用headless模式打印网页pdf,注意要有运行输出文件夹的权限

google-chrome --headless --disable-gpu --print-to-pdf http://www.baidu.com

google-chrome --headless --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --print-to-pdf http://www.baidu.com

系统中文乱码

https://www.cnblogs.com/vekair/p/15878518.html

安装中文系统支持，执行下面三个命令就可以解决：
yum -y groupinstall "X Window System"
yum -y groupinstall chinese-support
yum -y groupinstall Fonts
我只成功执行了第一个和第三个 问题也解决了

安装jdk

上传jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz
将本地下载的jdk上传到 /home/work/java 目录下

[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# cd /home/work/java
[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# rz 

解压

[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# cd /home/work/java
[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

配置环境变量
在/etc/profile文件的末尾加上以下配置:

[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# vim /etc/profile

末尾增加如下内容：

JAVA_HOME=/home/work/java/jdk1.8.0_144
JRE_HOME=/home/work/java/jdk1.8.0_144/jre
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH

profile文件立即生效

[root@iZ4zeaehxxqhrn553tblkkZ /]# source /etc/profile

错误信息记录：

Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.41.578700 (2f1ed5f9343c13f73144538f15c00b370eda6706),platform=Linux 4.4.0-31-generic x86_64)

解决办法：

  chromeOptions.addArguments("--no-sandbox","--disable-dev-shm-usage","window-size=1920x3000","--disable-gpu","--hide-scrollbars","blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false","--headless");

示例代码：

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/timbl/goole")
public class GooleController
{
    /**
     * 获取参数配置列表
     */
    @GetMapping("/list")
    public Object list()
    {
        //命令启动浏览器
        String os = System.getProperty("os.name");
        String drivePath = "D:\\Desktop\\工具demo\\goole\\chromedriver.exe";
        if (os.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) {
        } else if (os.toLowerCase().startsWith("linux")) {
            drivePath = "/usr/bin/chromedriver";
        }
        System.out.println(drivePath);
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", drivePath);
        //创建无Chrome无头参数
        ChromeOptions chromeOptions=new ChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.setHeadless(Boolean.TRUE);
   
		// 
        chromeOptions.addArguments("--no-sandbox","--disable-dev-shm-usage","window-size=1920x3000","--disable-gpu","--hide-scrollbars","blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false","--headless");
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

        driver.get("http://www.baidu.com");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        System.out.println(title+"--------------------------------");
        driver.close();
        return "success";
    }

}

打包docker镜像

 本地提交打包docker
  docker commit -m="build in centos7.6.180 and jdk1.8.0_211 and google_chrome" -a="TimBL_" 999 centos7.6_jdk_chrome:v1

 打标签
 模板：
 docker tag [ImageId] 127.0.0.1/devrpa/[ImagesName]:[ImageTag]
 例子：
 docker tag c8664307af90 127.0.0.1/devrpa/centos7.6_jdk_chrome:v1

 推送到远程CCR 
 模板：
 docker push 127.0.0.1/devrpa/[ImagesName]:[ImageTag]
 例子：
 docker push 127.0.0.1/devrpa/centos7.6_jdk_chrome:v1