2.Jenkins & Maven

Jenkins & Maven

Apache Maven是Spring框架最常用的自动构建工具。

Jenkins Plugin

Jenkins 通过安装插件plugin来拓展功能。

安装

• Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Available Tab
• 在filter框内输入想要安装的插件，点击install

验证安装

• Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Installed Tab
• 在filter框内输入插件名称

Maven Plugin

如果之前没有安装过Maven Plugin：

• Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Available Tab
• 在filter框内输入Maven，找到Maven Integration，点击install
• 安装完成后进入Installed Tab查看

Git Plugin

Git Plugin是Jenkins初次启动时，推荐安装的插件之一。如果之前使用了默认安装，此时应该已经加载有Git Plugin

• Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Installed Tab
• 在filter框内输入git，查看Git plugin & Git client
• 如果没有Git plugin & Git client，根据上一节进行安装。

安装git命令行

sudo apt install -y git

对于国内的用户，如果安装失败，建议先修改Ubuntu的apt-get源为国内镜像源

​​sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
​​sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list​​

添加阿里云镜像源

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

重新安装Git

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -y git

使用Maven构建Java应用程序

New Item > Freestyle job (name: maven-job)

1. SCM (Source Code Management)

• 选择Git
• 输入
  • Repository URL:
    https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app.git
  • Credentials: None
  • Branch: */master
• 保存，点击Build
• 成功

Started by user ubuntu
Running as SYSTEM
Building in workspace /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job
The recommended git tool is: NONE
No credentials specified
Cloning the remote Git repository
Cloning repository https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app.git
 > git init /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app.git
 > git --version # timeout=10
 > git --version # 'git version 2.34.1'
 > git fetch --tags --force --progress -- https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* # timeout=10
 > git config remote.origin.url https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app.git # timeout=10
 > git config --add remote.origin.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* # timeout=10
Avoid second fetch
 > git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
Checking out Revision d429203aa304cba0a1beb7fda8219d916c1e2fce (refs/remotes/origin/master)
 > git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
 > git checkout -f d429203aa304cba0a1beb7fda8219d916c1e2fce # timeout=10
Commit message: "Merge pull request #264 from MarkEWaite/use-latest-compiler-plugin"
First time build. Skipping changelog.
Finished: SUCCESS

workspace

输出中出现了workspace地址Building in workspace /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job，指向了/var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job

切换虚拟机路径，可以看到Jenkins将整个repo clone到了本地。本地内容与git repo中的内容一致。

打包JAR文件

Manage Jenkins > Global Tool Configuration > Maven

• 点击
  • Add Maven
  • Name: jenkins-maven
  • Version: 3.8.6
• 保存

Dashboard > maven-job > configure > Build Steps

• 下拉选择 Invoke top-level Maven targets
  • Maven Version: jenkins-maven
  • Goals: -B -DskipTests clean package
    (查看Jenkinsfile，我们会在后面的章节详细解释Jenkinsfile)
• 保存
• Build

查看输出，Jenkins 依次执行了打包和构建。
查看Building jar: /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job/target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
执行java -jar my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

测试

Dashboard > maven-job > configure > Build Steps
增加test步骤

• 下拉选择 Invoke top-level Maven targets
  • Maven Version: jenkins-maven
  • Goals: test
• 保存
• Build
  此处的test来自于https://github.com/jenkins-docs/simple-java-maven-app/blob/master/src/test/java/com/mycompany/app/AppTest.java

模拟部署

Dashboard > maven-job > configure > Build Steps
增加test步骤

• 下拉选择 Execute shell

echo "************************"
echo "Deploy jar"
echo "************************"

java -jar /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job/target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

• 保存
• Build

生成报告

Jenkins完成测试后，会自动生成报告

Surefire report directory: /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/maven-job/target/surefire-reports

Dashboard > maven-job > configure > Post-build Actions

• Add post-build actions下拉选择Publish JUnit test result report
  • Test report XMLs：target/surefire-reports/*.xml
• 保存
• 连续Build多次，刷新页面

保存成功的jar

Dashboard > maven-job > configure > Post-build Actions

• Add post-build actions下拉选择Archive the artifacts
  • Files to archive: target/*.jar
  • 勾选Archive artifacts only if build is successful
• 保存
• Build