STM32cubeMX+HAL库+串口中断收发程序
STM32cubeMX+HAL库+串口中断收发程序
1、STM32cubeMX配置
输入72，点击OK
我使用的软件是VScode,不会导入的同学参考我这篇文章链接:【 stm32串口+DMA环形缓冲收发保姆级】链接: link
2、程序篇
1、打开usart.c文件
找到函数：void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
添加函数HAL_UART_Receive_IT（），打开串口接受，这个只需要调用一次就可以，如果想要再次接受，需要重新打开，本次实验在回调函数中再次启用此函数。
/**
* @brief Receives an amount of data in non blocking mode.
* @note When UART parity is not enabled (PCE = 0), and Word Length is configured to 9 bits (M1-M0 = 01),
* the received data is handled as a set of u16. In this case, Size must indicate the number
* of u16 available through pData.
* @param huart Pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains
* the configuration information for the specified UART module.
* @param pData Pointer to data buffer (u8 or u16 data elements).
* @param Size Amount of data elements (u8 or u16) to be received.
* @retval HAL status
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)；
实例：
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&uart1_rx_temp_data, 1);//Size Amount of data elements (u8 or u16) to be received.
UART_Receive_IT：此函数可以指定，每收到若干个数据，调用一次回调函数；这是因为，每收到一个字节，都会把此函数的接收计数器-1，如果接收计数器为零，调用串口接收回调函数HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback。
具体的程序实现流程为：
发送数据，触发中断，触发中断服务函数（USART1_IRQHandler），触发中断服务函数（UART1_IRQHandler），进入函数（UART_Receive_IT），触发回调函数（ HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback）HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback：弱定义函数，用户可以在此函数中编写业务逻辑。清除中断标记，是中断处理函数一定要做的事情，但是对于用户函数，把这个操作给隐藏了
void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)
实例：
void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)
{
if (huart->Instance == USART1)
{
if (uart1_rx_cnt >= 255)
{
uart1_rx_flag = 1;
}
else
{
uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt++] = uart1_rx_temp_data;
if (uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 2] == 0x0D
&& uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 1] == 0x0A)
{
uart1_rx_flag = 1;
}
}
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)&uart1_rx_temp_data, 1);
}
}
1、在USART.C中的定义以及重定向printf
uint8_t uart1_rx_buffer[16];
uint8_t uart1_rx_temp_data;
uint8_t uart1_rx_cnt;
uint8_t uart1_rx_flag;
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xffff);
return ch;
}
2、在usart.h中添加声明
extern uint8_t uart1_rx_cnt;
extern uint8_t uart1_rx_flag;
extern uint8_t uart1_rx_buffer[16];
2、main.c
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, str, sizeof(str), 100);
while (1)
{
if (uart1_rx_flag == 1)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, uart1_rx_buffer, uart1_rx_cnt, 100);
uart1_rx_flag = 0;
memset(uart1_rx_buffer, 0, uart1_rx_cnt);
uart1_rx_cnt = 0;
}
if (uart2_rx_flag == 1)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, uart2_rx_buffer, uart2_rx_cnt, 100);
uart2_rx_flag = 0;
memset(uart2_rx_buffer, 0, uart2_rx_cnt);
uart2_rx_cnt = 0;
}
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
其他地方不需要改动。就可以进行打印接收。
这里我们对回调函数进行测试，发现当没有回车换行的时候，他不接受数据，则测试成功，
程序源码为，\r的Ascll就是CR== 0x0D , \n 就是LF== 0x0A ;
具体可查询ascll表
if (uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 2] == 0x0D
&& uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 1] == 0x0A)
最后附上USART.C代码吧，方便初学者移植，只需要把自己的USART.C注释掉（crtrl+A,再ctrl+/），添加上我的就可以了
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file usart.c
* @brief This file provides code for the configuration
* of the USART instances.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usart.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
uint8_t uart1_rx_buffer[16];
uint8_t uart1_rx_temp_data;
uint8_t uart1_rx_cnt;
uint8_t uart1_rx_flag;
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xffff);
return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USART1 init function */
void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&uart1_rx_temp_data, 1);
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
}
/* USART2 init function */
void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USART1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USART1 interrupt Init */
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
}
}
void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);
/* USART1 interrupt Deinit */
HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
if (huart->Instance == USART1)
{
// HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t*)&uart1_rx_temp_data, 1, 100);
if (uart1_rx_cnt >= 255)
{
uart1_rx_flag = 1;
}
else
{
uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt++] = uart1_rx_temp_data;
if (uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 2] == 0x0D
&& uart1_rx_buffer[uart1_rx_cnt - 1] == 0x0A)
{
uart1_rx_flag = 1;
}
}
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)&uart1_rx_temp_data, 1);
}
}
/* USER CODE END 1 */