【星海随笔】linux运维篇-精致小模块，小技巧。无他唯快尔

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demo1

hosts.sh
#实现将IP列表，以client的模式写入hosts。就不用手写了。
如果想换其他名称，修改local_name就可以。

#!/bin/bash
ip_list=("192.168.0.197" "192.168.0.120" "192.168.0.191")
local_name="client"
function rewrite_host(){
    local ip=${1}
    local host_name=${2}
    echo "${ip} ${host_name}" >> /etc/hosts
}

count=0
for value in "${ip_list[@]}"; do
    echo ${value}
    ((count++))
done

host_num=1
local_val=0
let "local_val=count-1"
for i in $(seq 0 ${local_val} ); do
    num=${i}
    host_name=${local_name}${host_num}
    rewrite_host "${ip_list[${num}]}" "${host_name}"
    ((host_num++))
    echo "${host_num}-${host_name}"
done

效果图：

[root@ecs-t1 note]# cat /etc/hosts
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
127.0.0.1 ecs-t1 ecs-t1

192.168.0.197 client1
192.168.0.120 client2
192.168.0.191 client3

扩展：

如果一个密钥重复，则使用 -R 去清除。

ssh-keygen -R 124.71.200.20

demo2

ssh_copy_id.exp
#如果想实现免密钥登录就不用手写了。
执行语句：./ssh_copy_id.exp 123456

#!/usr/bin/expect -f

set username "root"
set host "192.168.0.241"

if { $argc > 0 } {
    set passwd [lindex $argv 0]
}

spawn ssh-copy-id $username@$host
expect {
    "*assword*" {
        #
        send "${passwd}\r"
        exp_continue
    }
    # 其他情况，例如确认是否继续连接等，你可以根据需要处理
    "Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?" {
        send "yes\r"
        exp_continue
    }
}

效果图：

[root@ecs-t1 ~]# ./ssh_copy_id.exp
spawn ssh-copy-id [email protected]
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: “/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub”
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed – if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
[email protected]’s password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with: “ssh ‘[email protected]’”
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@ecs-t1 ~]# expect -f ssh_copy_id.exp 123456

demo3

无交互生成本地密钥。
无交互生成本地可执行脚本。

yum -y install chrony
yum -y install expect
[无交互生成本地密钥。]
ssh-keygen -t rsa -q -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

[无交互生成脚本]
cat > /root/expectssh.sh <<EOF
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
spawn ssh-keygen -i -F ${remote_ip}
expect "ssh-rsa"
send "\r"
expect eof
EOF
expect -f /root/expectssh.sh

demo4

下载安装

pip3 install pdf2docx

PCW.py
pdf转word。

from pdf2docx import parse

pdf_path = "t1.pdf"
docx_path = "t1.docx"

parse(pdf_path, docx_path)

demo5

download.py
#实现将本级目录下的文件展示出去。可供其他主机下载。
#8000端口

import http.server
import socketserver
import os

class MyHttpRequestHandler(http.server.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        # 处理目录请求，返回目录列表
        if self.path == '/':
            self.path = '/'  # 修改为根目录
            self.list_directory(os.getcwd())  # 获取当前目录的文件列表并返回
            return
        # 否则，继续处理文件请求
        return super().do_GET()

    def list_directory(self, path):
        # 获取目录中的文件列表，并返回适当的HTTP响应
        files = os.listdir(path)  # 获取当前目录的文件列表
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
        self.end_headers()
        # 构造一个简单的HTML页面来显示文件列表
        html = "
Files in {}
".format(path)
        for file in files:
            html += "
{}
".format(file, file)
        html += "
"
self.wfile.write(html.encode()) # 将HTML内容写入响应中
if __name__ == '__main__':
PORT = 8000 # The port to run the server on
handler = MyHttpRequestHandler
httpd = socketserver.TCPServer(("", PORT), handler)
print(f"Serving at port {PORT}")
httpd.serve_forever()

demo6

在windows的git中执行的。
将your_script.py 编译为exe执行文件。

pip install pyinstaller
pyinstaller --onefile your_script.py

demo7

快速创建一个文件上传服务。
清华源更新一下pip的版本

pip3 install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

flask实现简易文件服务器

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple Flask

当前版本为：
pip3 list
Flask 2.0.3

pip3 -V
pip 21.3.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

nginx的配置：
将8000：api 映射到后台的flask的5000端口上

    server {
        listen       80;
        listen       [::]:80;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /404.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

    server {
        listen 8000;
        listen [::]:8000;
        server_name test.com;

        location /api {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:5000/upfile;
        }
    }

访问：:/upfile

app.py

import os
from flask import Flask, flash, request, redirect, url_for, render_template
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
from flask import send_from_directory
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
UPLOAD_FOLDER = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'file')
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = {'txt', 'pdf', 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'}

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = UPLOAD_FOLDER
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 16 * 1024 * 1024

def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and \
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1].lower() in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS

@app.route('/upfile', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def up_file():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template('upfile.html')
    if request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.form.get('title')  # form 获取表单参数
        file = request.files.get('file')  # file 或取文件参数
        if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(file.filename)  # 校验文件名称合法
            print(filename)
            file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
            return {
                'msg': 'success',
                'url': f'/images/{filename}/',
            }
        else:
            return {
                'msg': '文件格式不支持'
            }

@app.route('/images//')
def get_image(filename):
    return send_from_directory(UPLOAD_FOLDER, filename)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="192.168.0.160", port="5000")

templates/upfile.html

DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>上传文件功能title>
head>
<body>
    <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <div>
            <label for="title">文件名称label>
            <input id="title" type="text" name="title">
        div>
        <div>
            <label for="file">文件名称label>
            <input id="file" type="file" name="file">
        div>
      <input type=submit value="提交">
    form>
body>
html>

手动创建一个文件夹

mkdir file

demo8

快速格式化磁盘

disk_part=${1-vdb}
disk_size=${2-20G}

fdisk /dev/${disk_part} <<EOF
n
p
2048

w
EOF
mkfs.ext4 /dev/${disk_part}1

demo9

快速初始化数据库

快速初始化数据库
```bash
password="test123456!"

yum group install mariadb mariadb-client -y
systemctl enable mariadb
systemctl status mariadb
systemctl start mariadb
netstat -lant | grep 3306
mysql_secure_installation << EOF

Y
${password}
${password}
Y
Y
Y
Y
EOF

demo10

实现一个数据库的记录。设置一个操作时间戳记录措施。

setup.sh

echo "please input password:"
read password
echo "please input you want create account!"
read account
mysql -uroot -p ${password} -e " CREATE USER '${account}'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123'; "
mysql -uroot -p ${password} -e "create database ${account};"

mysql -uroot -p ${password} -e "create TABLE ${account}.safe (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, description TEXT, At_Time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  );"

mysql -uroot -p ${password} -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ${account}.* TO '${account}'@'localhost';"

mysql -uroot -p  ${password} -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"

手敲阶段

mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "CREATE USER 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123';"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "CREATE USER 'service'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123';"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123';"

mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create database admin;"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create database service;"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create database newuser;"

mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create TABLE admin.safe (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, description TEXT, At_Time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  );"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create TABLE service.safe (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, description TEXT, At_Time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  );"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "create TABLE newuser.safe (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, description TEXT, At_Time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP  );"

mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON admin.* TO 'admin'@'localhost';"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON service.* TO 'service'@'localhost';"
mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON newuser.* TO 'newuser'@'localhost';"

mysql -uroot -p123456! -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"

mysql -unewuser -ppassword123 -e "INSERT INTO newuser.safe ( name, description ) VALUES ( 'wang xin', 'test' );"

read.sh

设置一个操作时间戳记录措施。入口。可以对一些敏感操作增加时间戳。

#!/bin/bash

echo "请输入你的账号；"
read account
echo "请输入你的密码："
read passwd

function xxx(){
    echo "pass"
}

mysql -u${account} -p${passwd} -e "INSERT INTO ${account}.safe ( name, description ) VALUES ( '${account}', 'test' );"

xxx

---

yum install Cython

rubbish

record mistake of myself

#!/bin/bash
pip3_url="https://downloads.python.org/pypy/pypy3.10-v7.3.14-linux64.tar.bz2"

function up_pip3(){
    wget ${pip3_url}
    local_dir=$(echo ${pip3_url} | awk -F "/" '{print $NF}')
    tar -xvjf ${local_dir}
    bin_dir=$(echo ${local_dir} | sed -n 's/\(.*\).tar\.bz2.*/\1/p' )
    echo "bin_dir: ${bin_dir}"
    cd ${bin_dir} && ./bin/pypy --update && ./bin/pypy --version
}

code=$(pip3 -V)
if [ ! $? -eq 0 ];then
    echo "not have pip3"
else
    echo -e "\033[1;32m [INFO] already has pip3 \033[0m"
fi
pip_version=$(pip3 -V | sed -n 's/.*pip \([0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\).*/\1/p')

if [ "23" -gt $(echo ${pip_version} | awk -F "." '{print $1}') ];then
    printf "\033[1;33m [Warning] Need upgrade pip vresio