k8s--helm

什么是helm?在没有这个helm之前,deployment service ingress

helm的作用

通过打包的方式,把deployment service ingress等打包在一块,一键式的部署服务,类似yum安装

官方提供的一个类似与安装仓库额功能,可以实现一键化部署应用

helm的概念

三个部分组成

1、chartL helm的软件包,部署包,service ingress,定义好的yaml资源,类似于yum的rpm包

2、Release 可以理解为版本,也可以理解为在安装过程中,给这个部署的应用起一个名字

3、Repository 仓库,提供一个服务器,这个服务器中包含chartL的资源,yaml的资源保存的地址

版本

helm3 命令行

helm3 纯命令行方式

把源码包拖到helm
helm-v3.12.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
解压
tar -xf helm-v3.12.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
进入linux-amd64/
cd  linux-amd64/

把helm拖到usr/local/bin下
mv helm  /usr/local/bin/helm

添加自动补全
vim /etc/profile

source <(helm completion bash)
立刻生效
source /etc/profile


搜索资源
 helm search repo aliyun | grep nginx

查看chart的详细信息
helm show chart bitnami/nginx(一般)
helm show all bitnami/nginx(所有)

安装
helm install my-nginx bitnami/nginx 
helm install	安装
my-nginx	安装的名称或者版本
bitnami/nginx  bitnami仓库名,nginx就是chart一系列yaml资源的集合

删除
helm uninstall my-nginx

helm install bitnami/nginx --generate-name
--generate-name	随机指定Release名称

helm ls	查看所有安装Release
helm自定义模版

根据自己的需求,自定义chart,然后部署到集群当中

拉取包(mysql)
helm pull stable/mysql

解压
tar -xf mysql-1.6.9.tgz

创建nginx
helm create nginx

查看创建的nginx的目录
tree nginx
nginx/
├── charts
├── Chart.yaml
├── templates
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   ├── _helpers.tpl
│   ├── hpa.yaml
│   ├── ingress.yaml
│   ├── NOTES.txt
│   ├── serviceaccount.yaml
│   ├── service.yaml
│   └── tests
│       └── test-connection.yaml
└── values.yaml


charts	用于存储依赖,如果这个chart依赖于其他的chart,依赖文件保存在这个目录
Chart.yaml	helm chart的元数据文件,包含了这个chart的名称,版本,维护者信息等等
Template	包含清单模版目录
deployment.yaml	部署应用的模版文件
helpers.tpl	帮助文档,告诉用户如何来定义模版的值
hpa.yaml	定义了应用程序副本数的扩缩容行为
ingress.yaml	定义了外部流量如何转发到应用程序
NOTES.txt	注意事项
serviceaccount.yaml	应用程序的服务账号
service.yaml	集群内部的访问
tests test-connection.yaml	测试的目录和文件,部署完chart之后,用来测试的文件
values.yaml	核心文件,自定义的值,都是通过values.yaml,把我们数据覆盖到安装的chart


修改values.yaml

# Default values for nginx.
# This is a YAML-formatted file.
# Declare variables to be passed into your templates.

replicaCount: 3
#创建的副本数

image:
  repository: nginx
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart appVersion.
  tag: "1.22"
#指向镜像的版本

imagePullSecrets: []
nameOverride: ""
fullnameOverride: ""

serviceAccount:
  # Specifies whether a service account should be created
  create: true
  # Annotations to add to the service account
  annotations: {}
  # The name of the service account to use.
  # If not set and create is true, a name is generated using the fullname template
  name: ""

podAnnotations: {}

podSecurityContext: {}
  # fsGroup: 2000

securityContext: {}
  # capabilities:
  #   drop:
  #   - ALL
  # readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
  # runAsNonRoot: true
  # runAsUser: 1000

service:
  type: ClusterIP
  port: 80

ingress:
  enabled: true
  className: ""
  annotations: {}
    # kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
  hosts:
    - host: www.lucky-cloud.yaml
      paths:
        - path: /
          pathType: Prefix
  tls: []
  #  - secretName: chart-example-tls
  #    hosts:
  #      - chart-example.local

resources:
  # We usually recommend not to specify default resources and to leave this as a conscious
  # choice for the user. This also increases chances charts run on environments with little
  # resources, such as Minikube. If you do want to specify resources, uncomment the following
  # lines, adjust them as necessary, and remove the curly braces after 'resources:'.
  limits:
    cpu: "1"
    memory: 512Mi
autoscaling:
  enabled: false
  minReplicas: 1
  maxReplicas: 100
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80
  # targetMemoryUtilizationPercentage: 80

nodeSelector: {}

tolerations: []

affinity: {}

验证语法
[root@master01 linux-amd64]# helm lint nginx
==> Linting nginx
[INFO] Chart.yaml: icon is recommended

1 chart(s) linted, 0 chart(s) failed

打包
helm package nginx
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /opt/helm/linux-amd64/nginx-0.1.0.tgz

部署
helm install nginx-11 ./nginx --dry-run  --debug
helm install	安装chart
nginx-11	 Release版本号
./nginx		当前目录下的nginx的chart
--dry-run --debug	这个chart不会被部署到集群当中,参数验证,测试chart的配置是否正确


安装
方法一
helm install nginx-11 ./nginx -n default
方法二
helm install nginx-11 /opt/helm/linux-amd64/nginx-0.1.0.tgz -n default
删除
helm uninstall nginx-11
修改chart之后重新部署
修改values.yaml
.......
service:
  type: NodePort
  port: 80
  nodePort: 31000
ingress:
  enabled: false
  className: ""
  annotations: {}
......

修改service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: {{ include "nginx.fullname" . }}
  labels:
    {{- include "nginx.labels" . | nindent 4 }}
spec:
  type: {{ .Values.service.type }}
  ports:
    - port: {{ .Values.service.port }}
      targetPort: http
      protocol: TCP
      name: http
      nodePort: {{.Values.service.nodePort}}
  selector:
    {{- include "nginx.selectorLabels" . | nindent 4 }}

检测
helm lint nginx

更新
helm upgrade nginx-11 nginx
回滚
查看回滚
helm history nginx-11
REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS    	CHART      	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION     
1       	Sun Jan 21 21:17:54 2024	superseded	nginx-0.1.0	1.16.0     	Install complete
2       	Sun Jan 21 21:46:04 2024	deployed  	nginx-0.2.0	1.16.0     	Upgrade complete


helm rollback nginx-11 1
上传Harbor
修改Harbor
.....
harbor_admin_password: 123456
chart:
  absolute_url: enabled
......

运行脚本
./install.sh


mkdir -p  ~/.local/share/helm/plugins/helm-push

tar -xf helm-push_0.8.1_linux_amd64.tar.gz -C ~/.local/share/helm/plugins/helm-push

docker login -u admin -p 123456 https://hub.test.com

上传
helm push nginx-0.2.0.tgz oci://hub.test.com/charts --insecure-skip-tls-verif

k8s--helm_第1张图片

你可能感兴趣的:(kubernetes,linux,容器)